Overview pamusoro CentOS 7: yokugadza, customization zvinhu uye vanorumbidza

Vakawanda havazivi kuti mabasa ose uye mabasa kuti tinoshandisa padandemutande, yakavakirwa zvakangofanana makombiyuta kuti kushanda mudzimba dzedu, asi akaringira zvakasiyana zvachose, haagoni kuzvirumbidza yakanaka graphical inowanikwa uye neKomisheni dzakazvitsaurira zvikwata. makombiyuta ava inonzi servers. Vanhu vanonyatsoziva Chokwadi, vanoziva kuti nomuimbirwo uye 'vachasimudza "pachako Server yenyu. Nokuti vaya vari vatsva mubhizimisi ichi, unofanira inosvika Forum vanopfuura mumwe, kuti pakupedzisira kugadzirisa. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti vamwe: kuchinja rweruzhinji uye wakatsiga Server, unofanira kusarudza chete rweruzhinji uye wakatsiga hwaro, dzinova uchishandisa mamiriro yakavakirwa Linux. Kusarudza vazhinji inowira CentOS 7. Izvi zvinhu inounganidzwa pfupiso sei kuisa CentOS 7 nokusika pamusoro wayo hwaro chinokosha Server.

Chii CentOS?

CentOS - mumwe kuparadzira Linux, chikuru mukana unova pakusimba. ino, kufanana Fedora yepedyo mukwikwidzi, rakanga rakavakwa kunobva regiune Red Hat Linux nokugoverwa akabhadhara. The yokupedzisira, akavapindurawo, chinhu yakanaka chishandiso ezvinhu vakuru avo zvinoda predictability, yakatsiga kuita uye nyore kushanda.

CentOS haagoni kuzvirumbidza azvino shanduro Mabhokisi, mukusiyana kune chete Fedora, asi mutarisiri ose hurongwa ndiyo chete vachifara apo Fedora kana mumwe kuparadzira nekaupenyu ano wayo yakachena pasuru "inowira" uye CentOS acharamba kushanda norugare, zvisinei nemamiriro ezvinhu. Izvi zvinhu anorondedzera muchidimbu chirongwa kuchinja uye kuisa CentOS 7, chikuru zviri munyika uye kushanda zvakatipoteredza.

Download CentOS 7

Asati kugadzwa CentOS 7, unofanira kukopa uchishanda hurongwa kuparadzirwa pasi pamutemo Website.

Kune akawanda vene nzira:

• ISO-faira kunyorera dhisiki - rakanakira ruzhinji nehurongwa kwakakwana uye graphical User inowanikwa;
• ISO-faira yokugadza kubva zvakaoma dhisiki uye USB-rutanda - kupfuura kwakakwana akagadzirwa package;
• ISO kune shoma buditsa - rine chete pechingoro uchishandisa maitiro ane usingashandi akagadzirwa Mabhokisi uye hapana y (Shanduro iyi kuparadzira hakuna dambudziko kuti 'vachasimudza "munhu Server pasina nekuisa zvimwe).

Pakati mbiri "mhenyu" dhisiki mufananidzo, unogona kuwana shangu mafaira maviri akasiyana pakombiyuta runyararo (KDE uye Gnome). Mifananidzo iyi akakodzera vanoda kuedza kunze wemuTesitamende kugadzwa zvakaoma disk.

Kugadzwa CentOS 7

Kunyange kana iwe wasarudza shoma mufananidzo CentOS 7 achashandisa y kuisa hurongwa pamusoro zvakaoma tikachirega.

Izvi zvinoitikawo 6 nhanho inokosha:

• Musi uye nguva - Panguva ino, chete sarudza rako nguva mapazi, uye nguva zvichabviswa billed kwaita.
• Kuronga mutauro uye kiibhodhi marongerwo - unofanira kusarudza mumwe mutauro zvepuraimari uye mumwe optioneel, uye kutaridzwa yakakodzera kiibhodhi marongerwo kwavari.
• Source chokugadza - Panguva ino haugoni kuchinja chinhu, ipapo chokugadza mafaira vachatorwa kubva mutakuri hurongwa.
• Software yokugadza - Panguva ino, unofanira kusarudza shoma pasuru, sezvo tinofanira dhipuroya munhu Server pasina pakombiyuta uye graphical inowanikwa.
• Installation nzvimbo - At Danho iri kusarudza nemotokari zvakaoma zvichakupedzerai iiswe, uyewo markup.
• Internet Settings - pano unofanira kupinda umboo pamusoro pomumbure papi.

Pashure pakatanga humboo vanofanira kuumba User Profiles uye tsanangurai Mudzi password. Mushure kugadzwa zvakakwana kombiyuta kuchaita restart uye tichasarudza kumhanya itsva uchishandisa hurongwa.

Kugadzwa CentOS 7 Server

Pano, pfupi hurukuro sei dhipuroya wemauto chinangwa Server kwakavakirwa CentOS 7 ane usingashandi akagadzirwa zvinokosha zvokushandisa zvinodiwa ayo zvinokosha basa.

Saka, kutanga unofanira kuwana Server pachayo. Unogona kana kuzoripa padandemutande (250 rubles), kana kuisa pasi yomunharaunda muchina. Chinhu bedzi kunodiwa - ichi date SSH, iyo ichashandiswa login kusvika Server. Tora somuenzaniso chaihwoihwo root@centos.com kero ye email uye aishandisa zita pasiwedhi C wo centos.

Tanga wakamira configuration ose User zvisikwa uye hurukuro pazviri zvose zvaida Permissions:

• Wedzerai mushandisi murayiro useradd centos;
• Gadzira rakasiyana pasiwedhi nokuti - passwd centos;
• Anoita hurongwa kutumira midzi-mail kuti mushandisi ichi - vanya / nezvimwewo / aliases;
• Tinopa inodzidzisa rworudyi sudo visudo murayiro (murayiro mutsetse ngaritinhire nokusimbisa oparesheni).

Next, unofanira kutaridzwa hondo zita. Zvinokwanisika kuti chikwata hostnamectl yakatarwa-hostname server1.centos.net.

Mushure unofanira chokukuvadza ari Firewall uye SeLinux. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa kuti varege kuramba nokusaziva pachavo kuwana kodzero kune Server. Firewall anogona misa basa vachishandisa systemctl chemabhazi firewalld chikwata uye systemctl Disable firewalld. SeLinux ezvinhu zvishoma yakaoma; unofanira kuzarura runoenzanirana configuration faira ari chinyorwa mupepeti Vi zvarayirwa thou / nezvimwewo / selinux / config, kuwana ikoko SELINUX = chakabatsira mutsetse uye atsive SELINUX = vakaremara. Zvino unofanira reboot nemamiriro.

Rinotevera setup Danho akamisa SSH.

Kuti aite izvi,

• Wedzera chakakodzera kiyi kurutivi rwokumusoro ssh-kopi-id murayiro root@centos.com.
• Kushandura chengarava riri configuration faira / nezvimwewo / ssh / sshd_config musi Port 222.
• Rambidza pamukova Server pasina Mudzi kodzero nokunyora tambo PermitRootLogin pasina-password.
• Uye restart kuti Server chikwata systemctl restart sshd.

Unofanirawo dzifambirane zvose hurongwa uye kuisa yokuchengetera zvinhu uye epel rpmforge. Kuti aite izvi,

• Update zvose hurongwa zvinhu yum update murayiro.
• Upload gadziriro itsva zvinoriumba kuraira yum -enablerepo = Kr update.
• Kana aripo hurongwa haisi kukwana, unogona kukopa kuvatsva shanduro epel rpmforge uye, nokuti ichi kupinda murayiro yum -y gadza * kero dzigare mairi kuti rinochengeta zvinodiwa Software shanduro * (rakakodzera dzigare mairi anogona nyore kuwanikwa kuMudzidzisi kupfuma).

Kuongorora mabasa, Apache uye PHP configuration

Kuisa mamwe kuurongwa kumbova pepuranga uye Server vanofanira Maka minamato uye MTA-mabasa.

Kuti aite izvi,

• Azive kuti basa iri kare achimhanya, murayiro systemctl -t basa.
• Chokukuvadza zvose zvisingakoshi uye kurambidza kubva vachimhanya, zvakadai kugadzwa paishandiswa mabasa vanofanira chokukuvadza postfix anoraira systemctl vanorega postfix uye systemctl Disable postfix.

Zvino unofanira kudhanilodha Apache uye PHP, zvakakodzera kuti zvakajairika kushanda Server yedu.

Saka, nokuti ichi:

• Kuisa pasuru Apache murayiro yum -y gadza httpd.
• Kuchinja kuti configuration file (apo unofanira kutaridzwa Server kero, zita, siginicha, etc.).
• Kutanga Apache uye kutendeukira pamusoro AutoRun dzinoti zvikwata systemctl kutanga httpd uye systemctl vakwanise httpd.
• Mozoisa PHP chikwata -y ari kuisa yum ? VaF? VaF-kuti mbstring? VaF-pedo.
• Restarting ari Apache chikwata systemctl restart httpd.

Kugadzwa zviri MySql Database utariri hurongwa

Usati gadza MySql musi CentOS 7, vanofanira kujekesa kuti nokushandisa Yum Downloads mureza utariri hurongwa achava kukopa imwe shanduro purogiramu inonzi MariaDB, saka kuna CentOS vachaenda yokupoterera nzira.

Kuisa MySql kuita:

• Download MySql yeGmail.END_STRONG kubva pamutemo dzigare mairi utility kushandisa mirayiro wget * kubatana kuti MySql * nemhosva mafaira.
• Zvadaro gadza akaukandira hurongwa murayiro sudo RPM * zita -ivh zvizere RPM faira kuruoko shanduro MySql * uye sudo yum gadza mysql-Server.
• Zvadaro zvisimbiswe pokuvhiyiwa kaviri, asi nokukurumidza, mhando Y.

Kugadzwa Zabbix zvichiongororwa hurongwa

Zabbix kuti kuisa pamusoro CentOS 7 vanofanira kuwana ichangobva shanduro nemhosva pamusoro pamutemo nzvimbo yokuvaka, uye ipapo gadza nayo munyika.

Kuti aite izvi,

• Wedzerai dzigare mairi RPM Uvh chikwata * kubatana kuti RPM-faira pamwe magetsi shanduro Zabbix *.
• Update ndandanda iripo-software yum update murayiro.
• Zvadaro gadza Zabbix yeGmail.END_STRONG ari murayiro yum gadza zabbix-pomutumwa.
• Mushure mapfupa ritsigire yeGmail.END_STRONG version (kuva wechitatu) uye hungu zvikumbiro zvose nokupinda Y ari murayiro mutsetse.

Kugadzwa zviri Zimbra tsamba Server

Asati gadza Zimbra muna CentOS 7, zvakakodzera kuti agadzirire ino.

Saka, unofanira kuita zvinotevera:

• Zvakanaka Ugadzire faira nezvimwewo / Wamasimba uye hostname.
• Bvumira kuti iptables zvengarava zvose Zimbra.
• Kudzima SeLinux.
• Chokukuvadza zvose MTA-basa.
• Ndiwedzere yacho uchishandisa hurongwa yum dzifambirane -y murayiro.
• Zvino unofanira nokudhanilodha zvakakodzera Mabhokisi unoraira yum gadza perl perl-makirisito ntpl nmap sudo libidn gmp.
• Zvadaro - zvikuru chokushandisa mashoko wget murayiro Zimbra * kubatana kuti faira pamwe utility Zimbra ano Version *.
• Unzip faira tara murayiro uye kuenda akakodzera Directory achishandisa CD murayiro.
• Pashure paizvozvo unofanira kumhanya installation murayiro ./install.sh -platform-kudarika.