Russian mari maitiro

The mari Hurongwa Russia nokudzorwa mitemo "Pamusoro Central Bank of Russian Federation" 2002, July 10 uye "On Banks uye Banking Basa" muna 2006, musi wa27 July. All pamutemo enguva mari ezvinhu, ayo mashandiro, mabasa uye namasimba Bank of Russia anotsanangurwa mitemo iyi.

The Constitution of Russian Federation pane zvemari uye mari murau, akabuda mari, basa yeUnited mabhanga chokuita kusango kugona of Russian Federation. The dzemunharaunda mutemo zvemari anosarudza mamiriro akarirasa ezvinhu munyika. mutemo Civil anoita zvarinoroora mari uye muripo urongwa navo. mutemo Administrative marondedzerero kuita kuti kutyorwa mubishi wokufambisa mari. mutemo Criminal prescribes Zvirango mhosva pamusoro mari ichaita (kazhinji - counterfeiting, etc.).

The mari hurongwa kumusika upfumi kunoratidzwa decentralization riparadzirwe mari pakati pemahombekombe, kuparadzana nyaya vasiri mari uye mari pakati kushanda rwezvemabhengi ino, kuti abolition ndarama zviri mari kuchinjirwa kune mari mbiri, kushaya Kusiyanisa vasiri mari uye mari aibuda, mamiriro mari murau, centralized mari utariri hurongwa nzira zvoupfumi, kuronga kushurudzira turnover mari munyika, rusununguko zviri nechepakati kumahombekombe mamiriro, pakatangwa pamisika mitengo uye pakafunuka alyut. Ndiwo maitiro mari Russian.

Russian mari hurongwa rinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu: mari dzaishandiswa, murayiro issuance Mari, kudzora mari kutenderera.

Currency chikwata ndiyo Ruble zvinosanganisira masendi (zvachose 100). Legislative okusuma dzimwe mari dzakabatana pamusoro munharaunda yacho hakubvumidzwi. nhamba yacho Ruble chero simbi dzinokosha havasi akatanga Russia. Ruble kuti mari iri wakasiyiwa Central Bank.

Vane pamutemo nyoro Banknotes uye mari. Vari inopiwa pamwe yesangano iri Central Bank, izvo zvinosanganisira reserves goridhe munyika, tsenny6e ehurumende-pamwero mapepa matura zvikwereti masangano ari Bank of Russia nyaya.

Kuti ape mari kutungamirira kurapwa kwavo uye kushaya kubva kumusika anekodzero chete Bank of Russia. Ndiye anokonzera kuti mamiriro mari uye zvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu munyika yose.

The mari nerubatsiro munyika ine manotsi uye mari. Mimwe Banknotes zvose, mari Central Bank anoti. Production Mari itsva kana Banknotes achabatsirwa nemishumo munhau. kubhadhara vose vanofanira kubvuma kuti vachibhadhara munyika, uyewo kutamiswa, deposits uye kuti icho munhoroondo.

Modern mari hurongwa Russia kunoratidzwa dzika pamwero enyika saturation mari upfumi turnover. nyika monetization zvazvingava ndiyo 20% (munyika dzakasimukira 50-100%). The mari nerubatsiro nyika kunoratidzwa refu azvipire mari mairi (kupfuura chetatu yose mari uremu), iyo inotungamira kuti kuwedzera pamusoro insolvency vamwe Mapato vemo uye mabhizimisi.

The mari guru nyika kukura nokuda huru vatorwa Exchange inflows chokuita nokuwedzera mitengo mafuta. kunze kwenyika reRussia kupfuudza kupinzwa, zvichitungamirira nokuwedzera zvakanaka pachiyero uye nokuwedzera kwenhamba mari. Vakatsinhanisa ekisipoti zveminda vakasundira Bank of Russia kuti ape Ruble, iyo inowedzera mari rive.

Russian mari gadziriro nokudzorwa Central Bank iri huru mirayiridzo usapinde negwaro. Nhasi, pane kudiwa kuti vashandure mari ino, izvo nokuda mitengo uye kutyorwa zvikuru mashandiro ari National mari senzira senzira wokufambisa uye mubhadharo chokuita chokwadi kuti pamwe Ruble anodana dhora, euro uye dzakasiyana psevdoplatezhnye nzira (zvitupa, mutero mitoro, etc.).

Monetary kuparadzirwa munzvimbo Russian Federation kuitwa mari uye vasiri mari. In iyi, sangano mari anoshumira riparadzirwe nenhumbi, subsistence kubhadhara uye misha. Kana mari riparadzirwe achishandisa mubhadharo ndiyo mari chaiyo (Banknotes), izvo zvitange vatambi imwe zvinhu, basa, uye zvimwe zviitiko inopiwa mutemo. Kana asiri mari wokufambisa kudzokera inopfupikisa mari kubva munhoroondo masangano nemabhengi zvikanzi munhoroondo dzimwe nyaya.