Sei Ebola: siptomy uye mabatiro nefivhiri

Ebola ... mishumo kuti inoverengeka azere Internet, hapana paterevhizheni nhau kusunungurwa zvakakwana pasina pavo. In yose, zvaionekwa dambudziko remunharaunda, asi vanachiremba nechokwadi kuti hosha haina chaizvo kupararira mhiri Africa mwedzi mishoma yapfuura. Zvichakadai, kare noutachiona, zviviri vagari US. A vashoma zvikuru vari muchipatara kana kumba (rambidzwa kubuda). Saka chii, sei kubata nechirwere ichi, uye sei zvakaitika Ebola? Uye mikana kana ikaramba muRussia? Vashandi Rospotrebnadzor nharo kuti shoma. Zvisinei, pari zvino, pakaitwa ongororo muri vadzidzi kubva dzomuAfrica vari kudzidza munyika yedu. A sangano kufamba anosungirwa kudzivirira vashanyi Russian kuenda "kondinendi dema", umo nyika vane Ebola rapararira.

utachiwana

The chirwere anokonzerwa utachiona zvakafanana zita - mukuru chimiro choupenyu. Chiri RNA Morekuru, akaisa mukati rwokudzivirira mumuhara chaiyo. Izvi zvinonzi filoviruses. Inopinda masero muviri womunhu uye kusunungura kupinda cytoplasm yavo magene zvokunyama. Somugumisiro, sero anotanga bereka runodiwa utachiwana mapurotini. Ivo zvinodiwa ayo kubereka. Kazhinji, sero pacharo rakaparadzwa.

Ebola Utachiona bypasses ari kudzivirira zvigadziriswe pakati nhengo. It neutralizes nezvaizoitwa interferon - imwe fuma anokonzera pakurwisa kwokunze kutyisidzira kuti sero.

Kazhinji, nemavhairasi - zviri zvinoshamisa uye zvisinganzwisisiki zvinenge. Vari riri pamuganhu vapenyu uye nonliving. Pashure pezvose, havana muviri, havana haifambi vakazvimiririra uye mashandiro zvingaita chete mukati masero vehondo muviri. Nemavhairasi - ndivo tupukanana. Kusvikira ikozvino, masayendisiti kugona kusvika ronga mhedziso pamusoro dzakavapo. Asi umambo kupfuura vazhinji. Utachiona vari kwose kwose. Pano, somuenzaniso, mune mvura dzegungwa chipunu vanenge miriyoni! Mune imwe, masayendisiti vanobvumirana: vatakuri izvi yokugara mashoko dutu refu kwazvo nguva. Uye basa ravo shanduka zvipenyu kukuru. Pashure pezvose, chete munhu anenge chetatu majini akafanana majini ose wanda!

Hemorrhagic Fever

Saka nesayenzi nayo inonzi Ebola. Chii anovanza ichi izwi? zvirwere zvose kwemhando iyi nemavhairasi. Kazhinji, zvinokanganisawo masero vascular. Nokudaro rinorema ropa. Kune mhando anoverengeka Hemorrhagic fivha, uye vose vari chokuita utachiona zvakasiyana. Recent chinja kana vavo chaivo wehondo (Matangi) kana zvenguva zvinenge. Nokuti Hemorrhagic fivha kazhinji vatakuri nemakonzo, akadai munda mbeva (nokuti Ebola iri kugadzikana, vachidya zvibereko).

Izvi Chirwere ngozi chaizvo vanhu, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vatotanga yokudzivirira. Kazhinji varwere kufa kukura zvinotapuriranwa-chepfu kuvhunduka uye kukundikana zvomukati zvose. Kana ari Ebola kubva chinokosha kurasikirwa neropa.

nhoroondo zvokurapa

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kutanga nyaya hosha kwakaitika muna 1976. Utachiona akaziviswa muZaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). Zvino pedyo Ebola River. Saka zita. Ebola muna Sudan, vakazonyepa upenyu zana nemakumi mashanu mumwe munhu. Muna Zaire akafa mazana maviri namakumi masere.

Zvinogoneka kuti vanhu vomunharaunda vakanga vatapukirwa kare. Kuongorora kuchangobva akasimbisa kuvapo antibodies muropa nomwe muzana yevagari. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vakawanda vanorwara nechirwere ichi.

Nanhasi paiva vanopfuura makumi matatu zviitiko Ebola chirwere pasi pose. Makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana nguva ino zvichiitika musi kondinendi African: vakatambura munyika pfumbamwe. Asi vamwe, vakadai Somuenzaniso, Tunisia, Ebola saka kure kuurayiwa. Kaviri akava utachiona kuRussia, zvose pasi Murabhoritari ezvinhu kwakaguma norufu banal hanya revashandi.

Panomuka chirwere ari duku chikero kwakaitika United Kingdom (1976 - 1 utachiona vanhu), United States (1990 -. 4 vanhu) (. Muna 1990 uye 2008, vanosvika vanomwe) uye kuPhilippines. Kubva 2000 kusvika 2001 kuUganda, Sudan Ebola utachiona utachiona vanhu mana namakumi maviri navashanu. Raiva kupfuura guru-pamwero nokutambudzika chirwere kusvikira 2014. Panguva yokupedzisira chete Africa muZaire okunatsiridza utachiona utachiona vanopfuura zviuru zvinomwe vanhu, hafu vakafa. Ndechipi chikonzero uku kuwedzera nhamba nyaya?

Nhoroondo rokupedzisira yatanga

Zvakatangira muGuinea pakupera 2013, December 26, 2013 vakafa-gore maviri mukomana anonzi Emil, uye vhiki yakatevera akafa gore matatu hanzvadzi yake yekare. mwana wokutanga Vose vakabatwa, achiri kuzivikanwa. Ipapo vakatanga kufa kwavo chinotevera hama. Vamwe vanotova nayo Sierra-Leone uye Liberia. Nei nyika idzi havana kugadzirira? Uye nei sokuti dambudziko vemo The World Health Organization rave kubvuma ngozi munyika dzakawanda? Zvirwere New kuitika zuva nezuva, uye zviri pachena, sezvinotaurwa Ebola pakati pavanhu, asi zvingaita kumisa parutivi kwakajairika nzira?

zvinokonzera

Urombo, nzara uye murombo ezvinhu mushonga mudunhu, uyewo kwokushayiwa vazive vemo - ndidzo zvikonzero iyo WHO chinoratidza (World Health Organization). Asi zvichida chinonyanya kukosha - ndiko kukara kwevanhu. Ebola - chinokosha uye kunzwisisa zvirwere. Asi Hemorrhagic fivha ndakasika mushonga. Asi Ebola achiri hapana mushonga. The ndechokuti ayo kukura zvinoda kuedza uye mari mari huru. Uye haana kuenda guru nemakambani anogadzira mishonga, sezvo musika kwakanga yakatetepa, uye mushonga kana mushonga zvakazoonekwa kuti zvinodhura chaizvo. Zvino shoma mari pachiyero vanhu dzomuAfrica apo Ebola yemanyorero anooneka kashoma kuti kukwanisa kutenga nayo. Kusvikira mumwe pavaipfuura tsvakurudzo kuitwa imwe US vemauto masangano, uye ipapo kuchengetedza pamusoro Ebola kana munhu achienda kurishandisa somunhu chombo utachiona. Asi pashure vaviri makore chirongwa mari uyewo rakavharwa. Zvino, zvisinei, pazvakava pachena kuti fivha hakusi nyore kuviga, dzakabudirira munyika ichiri kuita basa.

Sei munhu?

Sezvo chirwere ari havaratidzi kunzwisiswa, ndezvokuti, tinogona chete zvokufungidzira ndiani mutakuri. masayendisiti Most vanodavira kuti zvepanyama dura Ebola ndeimwe mhando akotamire.

Latest utachiwana haakonzeri chero kukuvadza. mbeva izvi vanodya muchero, ivo nadkusyvayut kana uchisiya zvidimbu pasi. Uye avo, akavapindurawo, akasarudzwa primates, utachiona riri zvinouraya. Asi hakuna munhu anogona kutaura chokwadi sei parinopfuura kubva mhuka kusvikira mhuka Ebola, nzira kwayo Kupfuudzwa mumasango uye anenge asina kudzidza. The wokupedzisira nokutambudzika chirwere zvingangoisa mungozi kutsakatika nevanhu vane magorira ari African nharaunda. Uye sei Kutamiswa Ebola murume? Zvinozivikanwa kuti vanhu veko kazhinji kudya nyama yemhuka dondo, kusanganisira primates uropi. Uyezve, nokuda pamwero mukuru kwemiti zviremwaremwa vakatanga kugara zvikuru pedyo nekwaigara vanhu. Uye nokuda muchero utachiona aigona kunhonga kana kuvhiringidza vakuru nevana.

sei Ebola pakati pavanhu?

Kazhinji, utachiwana uhwu kuburikidza zvinwiwa muviri zvakadai ropa, nemate, mucosal kubuda. Uyezve, unogona kuwana utachiona kuburikidza uye urume. Chine gedhi utachiwana vari maronda pamusoro ganda uye mucous membranes.

Saka hove Ebola anogona chete kuva zvakananga kuonana murwere. To musi, Kupfuudzwa kwemashoko utachiona pamunhu nomunhu nokuda droplet hweHIV zvakanyorwa. Asi fivha ichaongororwa chimwe chezvinhu chinotapukira zvirwere. Pamwe nokuti zvakare kuburikidza zvinhu kuti vanhu vanakidzwe.

Nei vakawanda kudaro nyaya?

Huru urongwa kurwisa zvokufa utachiona ngozi, umo hakuna mushonga, chinhu yakaoma kupatsanura varwere. Ndima iyo paiva nokutambudzika chirwere, vanofanira pedyo zvachose. Zviri pachena kuti kuita kudaro hakusi pakarepo yakasarudza kuti zvetsika zvikonzero. Zvino fivha chapararira kunyika dzinoverengeka, yava kutonetsa. Chimwe chikonzero chikuru kuti aparadzirwe mukuru-nokukurumidza raiva kusadzidza vemo uye vanachiremba. In tanga zvakaoma kuona kuti Ebola - fivha, zviratidzo izvo vakafanana zvikuru dzihwa kana marariya. Uye chete kana murwere anotanga kurasikirwa ropa, pane kunyumwira kuti Hemorrhagic Fever. chirwere yakarurama yokupedzisira zvinogoneka chete ari vakanyatsoshongedzwa murabhoritari.

Mumazuva okutanga, uye kunyange vhiki nzvongo varwere vakaiswa kwete takaparadzana mumabhokisi, uye vari mukuru mumisasa. Uye kare imomo chakapararira kuburikidza kwete chaizvo akashambidzika vanachiremba kubva murwere mumwe. Kuwanda hweHIV nenzira iyi yakakura. vanachiremba chete vakauraya vanopfuura mazana maviri!

zvomunharaunda ruvara

Chimwe chinokonzera kupararira kumhanya fivha, riri kudzidza uye murombo vazive vagari. Papera mumisha chete kwemwedzi mishomanana akatanga kufamba vanhu pamwechete vakurukuri uye dzemari, izvo akaudza voruzhinji pamusoro zvokungwarira uye zviratidzo chirwere ichi chinotyisa. Zvichakadai, chetatu zvose utachiona - muri hama neshamwari iwayo vanhu vakanga vatapukirwa pakutanga. Pano basa rinokosha yakanga kuridzwa netsika. Maererano chechipiri, vanhu vakaungana kuti mariro hama dzavo uye utachiona zvitunha. Sezvakanga rokupedzisira ablution. Hutachiwana uhu chinopfuudzwa kubva muviri womunhu akafa mumwe mwedzi. Pamwe pane zvimwe zvikonzero - Ebola mupopoti kusvikira nhasi.

mbaravara tarisiro

WHO inoti munguva pfupi kuwedzera kwenhamba vanenge munzvimbo ichavharwa. Chikurukuru, chii ngozi Ebola utachiwana - kuparadzira utachiwana kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, muna Tunisia. Ebola haana asvika ichipo, asi ikoko, sezvo munyika pedyo, atova kumirira uye vakatya kwazvo. News mumazuva okupedzisira - US anotuma zviuru zviviri mauto kurwisa chirwere. How kubatsira kukunda masoja utachiwana, zvinonzwisisika; ivo vari mukana zvose, kuva "pedyo" ndima.

Kurapa nokuti Ebola

Creation zvakadaro mushonga munguva yemberi iri pedyo, maererano masayendisiti akawanda, hazvingaiti. Chikonzero ichi iri kushaya ruzivo utachiona, uye pasina anodiwa zvinoriumba. Yatova pachena kuti African nyika pachavo kuti pave mushonga haazovanzwiri. Muzvipatara havana mibhedha zvinokwana varwere vose panguva iyoyo. Panguva iyoyowo dzakawanda anotora kurwadziwa zvikuru: Mari vari dzinounzwa, uye virologists pasi pose akatuma hwokubata anotyisa chirwere.

How kurapa fivha nhasi?

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti munguva kunopfuurira yatanga inouraya Mugumisiro zvinogoneka muna makumi mashanu muzana Muzviitiko. Mostly varwere anofa zviratidzo. Ichi kurasikirwa chakakomba neropa, kurohwa nehana, kudhaka uye kuramba zvomukati zvose.

Saka zvino, kana nechirwere - Ebola kurapwa - zviri kunyanya anonditsigira kurapa. Murwere anoiswa ari oga bhokisi, umo chinotarisirwa nomutsinga inotonhorera mhinduro. Man kana anonaya kana afa. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, dzimwe nguva kubatsira zvinodhaka experimental, asi havana kuwanikwa kure kwete zvose. A zvakawanda mazwi mashoma pamusoro zvekare. Kare wakarambidzwa uye vaiona unethical kushandisa kuti kurapwa mishonga experimental vasina vakapfuura kuMudzidzisi bvunzo vanhu. Nemhaka yezvichangobva kuitika muna WHO Africa nechekare kudana zvakakodzera.

Doctors akatanga wokugadzirisa ropa fivha, kuti muna nomwe zviitiko kubva sere kuedzwe zvakanaka. Zvisinei, maitiro aya rwaiitwa nechekare mukupera nezvishoma. Uye hazvisi pachena chii chaita pakupora: kubva ropa kana zvirwere mapuroteni rekovalentov utachiwana akakundwa pachake.

zviratidzo

Zvapedzisira sokuti siyana mazuva maviri kuti vhiki nhatu pashure chirwere kwevanhu utachiwana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti risati chitarisiko chavo hosha haina inoparadzirwa.

Ebola (Zviratidzo) kunotanga pakarepo. Uyezve, kutanga non-chaizvo zviratidzo: fivha, utera, nomusoro, kwazvo nepahuro, manyoka. Yakanga chete gare gare anooneka kurutsa, uye mapundu. Anovandudza kupera muviri, pane kurwadziwa muchipfuva. Chinenge hafu mapundu rinowanika dzacho. Zvadaro tinogona dzakakwirira mukana kutaura kuti ndiye Ebola. Zviratidzo izvi dzakananga. Meso akatsvuka. Akaderedza itsvo nerevane chiropa. Ropa mucous membranes: asi matadza, mhuno, nemudumbu, nyinyo. Ekupedzisira rinoratidza refu mukana rufu. Kazhinji, varwere kufira vhiki chirwere chechipiri. Kana izvi zvikasaitika ari penguva kubva nomwe gumi nezvitanhatu mazuva, munhu anonaya. Mushure chirwere kwenguva refu, pangava nematambudziko pamwe mafungiro, vanhu vanorasikirwa kwazvo uremu, bvudzi kuwa kunze.

How Kwete Kufa?

To musi, Ebola - fivha, zviratidzo izvo kare anozivikanwa, zvichida, vose vagere kondinendi African. kwete sei kuti utachiona nayo? Kwete kushanyira nyika dzemuAfrica munguva panomuka ngozi. Kupinda nevanhu vanorwara.

Uyezve, Hemorrhagic Fever (kukonzerwa nezvimwe nemavhairasi, kuzorwa nawo kare vane mushonga) rinogona kubatwa munharaunda yedu. Kunyanya kungwarira iwe kuva vashandi zvokurimwa, nekuti zvirwere izvi zviri kutakurwa munda mbeva. Kwazvo maoko enyu pashure kushanda mumunda. Musadya pasi uye kubva pasi. Kana mushure basa pakarepo une nonspecific zviratidzo ataurwa pamusoro (uye kazhinji somunhu ose Hemorrhagic fivha), bvunza chiremba pakarepo.