"Antey" yepasi pemvura: michina nokurondedzerwa

Achinosangana US mapoka keriya ndege akanga chikuru basa yeSoviet Navy pakarepo pashure okuguma Great Patriotic War. Zviri kuti chinangwa ichi dzakatangwa "muurayi" vatakuri ndege - zvikuru kushandiswa Soviet yepasi pemvura chirongwa "949A Antey".

Tanga asika

In kuma1960, vagadziri Soviet akashanda ari maviri dyidzana zvirongwa. vashandi OKB-52 vaiita itsva antiship chombo yakaoma rinotarisirwa kuparadza muvengi wengarava masimba, uye zvavanobata Central Design Bureau "Rubin" yepasi pemvura chombo chakagadzirirwa parudzi rwechitatu. Pava paya kuti kushandiswa senzvimbo mutakuri kwenguva itsva chombo hurongwa. Military aida zvose simba uye inoshanda chaizvo nzira anokwanisa kuparadza chikepe muvengi boka uye kushanda mungarava yepasi pegungwa, kuva matunhu kuita uye namano kunyudza kudzika. Mune ramangwana, mushure mazuvaano vanoverengeka uhwu Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kuchaita chokubatanidza Ngarava dzepasi pemvura "Antey" kirasi.

"Graniitti 949" chirongwa

Muna 1969, kuti Navy akaisa basa vagadziri Soviet kusika munhu yepasi pemvura idzva. It zvifambiswe chombo chinoita zvokukandwa vanofanira kusangana zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

• Zvinofanira kunge kumhanya: kwete asingasviki 2500 km / h.
• Range - 500 km.
• Target kutangira zvose pasi pemvura uye pamusoro-mvura nezvatinopiwa. Rakanga akaronga kuzvishandisa pamusoro Ngarava dzepasi pemvura uye pechiso ngarava.

Sezvo kakawanda muvengi layered mhepo kudzivirira musisiri "iboka" mbiri gumi nembiri zvombo, mauto eSoviet vaifarira yaibvira vachiridzira munhu volley. Maererano Developers, kuti awane kubudirira Anti-chikepe zvombo kunodikanwa asi kumhanya uye murwi vakawanda muhondo mauto, kushongedzera navo pamwe, uye hwakavimbika hurongwa kuti zvinopa chipfuro rokuti uye ungwaru.

"Kubudirira" System

With ichi pakutanga padzakacherechedza pemvura zvinhu munyika yeSoviet nzvimbo hurongwa uye kuongorora navo. "Kubudirira" rine zvinotevera zvazvakanakira:

• Mhedziso rusununguko kubva okunze.
• Ikaunganidzwa munzvimbo yakakura.
• Inaccessibility kuti muvengi.

Target rokuti nokugamuchirwa yokuisira zvombo uye murayiro mbiru. Kugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya Ngarava dzepasi pemvura vakatakura vashandi Sevmash. Muna 1980, yokutanga yepasi pemvura yakagadzirira "Arkhangelsk" chirongwa 949, uye muna 1983 - "Murmansk".

Nuclear Ngarava dzepasi pemvura "Antey", 949A chirongwa

Pamusoro vakabudirira okuguma "Granite" zvakagadzirwa basa rakanga raitwa pane zvakawanda yemhando basa. In zvinyorwa zvinonzi rwakaiswa 949 A "Antey". Yepasi pemvura nokuda modernized midziyo uye wokuwedzera mupanda ane nani womukati marongerwo, vakawedzera urefu uye misha. Uyezve Developers vakakwanisa kuwedzera chinoratidza namano yepasi pemvura.

Pakutanga, zvakanga akaronga kusunungura maviri yepasi pemvura dzakabatana pasi chirongwa "Antaeus." The yepasi pemvura K-148 "Krasnodar" anonzi yepasi pemvura mukirasi iyi yokutanga yenyukireya. It kwakatangwa muna 1986. Akanga nokukurumidza yagadzirira K-173 "Krasnoyarsk" nokuda yepasi pemvura ichi. Pari, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura izvi vari inoraswa wehurumende. Kunyange zvazvo kwaiva kwakarongwa reSoviet utungamiriri Serial kugadzirwa maviri Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, zvakanga akasunungurwa zviumbu gumi chete chirongwa "Antaeus." The yepasi pemvura K-141 "Kursk" muna 1994 kusunungurwa akanga akanyura August 2000.

NPS sezvo chikamu Russian Navy

Panguva ino mune basa Russian Federation Navy Kunoumbwa zvinotevera kirasi yepasi pemvura yenyukireya "Antey":

• K-119 "Voronezh" (North rengarava).
• K-132 "Irkutsk" (Pacific rengarava).
• K-410 "Smolensk" (North rengarava).
• K-456 "Tver" (Pacific).
• K-442 "kuChelyabinsk" (Pacific Fleet).
• K-266 "yeGondo" (parizvino vachingotya kugadziriswa).

• K-186 "Omsk" (Pacific).
• K-150 "Tomsk". (Pacific rengarava).

Chimwe chirongwa akasika 949 "Antey" yepasi pemvura K-135 "Volgograd" zvino ari kuchengetedza. A K-139 "Belgorod" kare akapedza basa racho 09 852.

Midziyo NPS 949

Ngarava dzepasi pemvura "Antey" mhando kunge doublecase zano: chiedza hydrodynamic yokunze cylindrical goko runopoteredza yomukati, iyo yakasiyana kubva yokunze kumusoro simba. Ukobvu masvingo aro mukuru 6 masendimita By akadaro doublecase yepasi pemvura mapurani ane zvinotevera zvazvakanakira .:

• Ngarava dzepasi pemvura zvinopa yakakwirira buoyancy.
• NPS kudzivirirwa pasi pemvura kuputika.
• Ngarava dzepasi pemvura vane wakawedzera misha.

Housing Ngarava dzepasi pemvura ine zvinotevera madhipatimendi:

• Avangard.
• Management.
• Kamuri kurwa dzemapurisa uye redhiyo mumba.
• Kugara.
• Card nokuti magetsi uye ebetsero michina.
• Reactor.
• GTZA dhipatimendi.
• Kamuri aine propulsion injini.

In zvinoitirwawo kuputsika yenyukireya yepasi pemvura ngarava vakapakata zvikamu zviviri (uta uye akaoma), umo vashandi anogona kumirira kununurwa. The vashandi ine vanhu 130. Maererano nedzimwe data, nhamba asingadi kupfuudza 112. In standalone rudzi, kuti yepasi pemvura anogona musamira kupfuura 120 mazuva.

Description simba chirimwa

Block GEU Premier League inoumbwa maviri reactors zvenyukireya OK-650B vaviri hwemvura turbine-9 OK. Kukwanisa kwavo 98 zviuru. L. a. Vanoshanda nokushandisa mizinga screws giya. NPS ane mbiri zvimwe Diesel jenareta dg-190 kugona kwete asingasviki 8 Th. 700 l. a.

Yepasi pemvura rwisana kuzvidzora

Nokuti Premier League, "Antey" rinopa Akash gadziriro MGK-540 "Skat-3" uye hurongwa, kupa nzvimbo ushori, kukanganiswa uye hondo utariri yepasi pemvura. Information nokugamuchirwa Satellite kana ndege anopinda yepasi pemvura uchishandisa chaiwo antennas. Uyewo, Sub-kirasi "Antey" mhepo towed kanyanga "Catfish".

nzvimbo yayo aft stabilizer. Displacer kanyanga mhando "Catfish" rinotarisirwa pakugamuchira redhiyo mashoko uye zviratidzo chikepe zvinogara kudzika kukuru kana pasi gobvu paiva chando.

Navigation ari yepasi pemvura inopa rinokosha akagadzirwa "Symphony-vane." High zvakarurama, zvenguva refu uye bhuku mashoko ndiwo maitiro zviri ino wekushandisa hurongwa.

The Ngarava dzepasi pemvura zvombo?

Chombo Ngarava dzepasi pemvura "Antey" mhando chinomiririrwa mhando mbiri:

• Anti-chikepe zvombo (RCC) P-700 "Granite" (24 muzvikamu). Nzvimbo chombo kuva midziyo nokuda kwokuparadza mativi kwokudzvinyirira Hull rusvingo (pakati chikamu yepasi pemvura). Nokuti kuvhara muchishandisa unokosha-pakavha cowls, izvo zviri chikamu rokunze casing. Mudziyo vakatasva tilted madhigirii 40. Zvombo anogona kushandiswa senzira kwakajairika (kusvika 750 kg) uye vakagadzirira zvenyukireya warheads. PRK uchifamba ari kumhanya 2.5 m / S uye akaverenga daro 550? Km.
• Mino-Avangard sepombi (zvidimbu zvina). Vaviri vavo vane caliber pamusoro 533 neMM, uye vakasara - 650 mm. Vari zvakagadzirirwa moto zvose kwakajairika torpedoes, uye Avangard-zvombo. The nzvimbo mano aya rava mhino yacho yepasi pemvura. Nokuda hurongwa mutoro otomatiki kuraira, torpedoes ane mukuru mwero moto. Mukati mumaminitsi mashoma rose zvombo, zvinosanganisira chitundumuseremusere torpedoes (12 inokwana zviyero) uye torpedoes (16 inokwana zviyero), anogona kusunungura yepasi pemvura "Antey".

rwokugadzira unhu

• NPS ane mvura misha 12 zviuru. 500 bv. m.
• Musha pasi mvura 22 zviuru. 500 bv. m.
• Kirasi "Antey" zvikepe pamusoro mvura inogona kusvika aimhanya kusvika 15 nokusunungura mapfundo.
• Pasi mvura pamusoro dzichimhanya 32 nokusunungura mapfundo.
• Ngarava dzepasi pemvura anogona kunyudzwa kuti vaifanira kudzika mamita 600.
• In standalone rudzi, kuti yepasi pemvura kungava mazuva 120.

The kwokugamuchirwa pamusoro Serial kugadzirwa "Ante"

Sezvataona nenyanzvi dzakawanda Russian, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kutaipa "Antey" riri kushanda kwayo - kupfuura vaifarira nzira yokubata Vatakuri ndege muvengi. Muna 1980, mari mukugadzira munhu yepasi pemvura hazvirevi pfuura miriyoni 227 rubles (chete 10% of nomutengo American "Roosevelt"). Asi kunyatsoshanda ari yepasi pemvura Soviet yenyukireya yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru, "Antey" ndiyo ngozi mutakuri ndege uye muchiridzira ngarava yacho. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, kubudirira "Ante" iri rudo vanokosha. Izvi imhaka yokuti Premier League - nayo zvikepe pamwe rakamanikana specialization. Panyaya iyi, havagoni kunyatsonzwisisa kurwisa Vatakuri multipurpose ndege.

mhedziso

1980 Nhasi Zviitiko vanoonekwa kuti zvikuru usingachashandi. Panyaya iyi, muna 2011 kwakasarudzwa yokutsiva SIC "Granite-700" Kuti uwane zvombo ano "eonikisi" uye "Caliber".

Izvi zvichaita kuti 'Antaeus "kuva-chinja chishandiswa-siyana mabasa.