Bering Strait: kuronga kuNyika Itsva

Bering Strait inosangana neActic Ocean neGungwa reBering uye inoparadzanisa makondinendi maviri: Asia neNorth America. Nayo inopfuura muganhu weRussia-America. Inotumidzwa mukukudza Vitus Bering, mutungamiri weDanish, uyo akayambuka mairi muna 1728. Zvisinei, kunezve nharo pamusoro pokuti ndiani akawana Bering Strait. The Anadyr River Delta , uko ingangosvika chete kuburikidza nechisimba ichi, yakatsvakurudzwa neCospack Semyon Dezhnev kare muna 1649. Asi gare gare kuwanikwa kwake kwakanga kusingaonekwi.

Ukuru hwepakamanikidzika inowanikwa pamasendimita 30-50, uye hupamhi pamucheto wakapfupika unosvika makiromita 85. Mumatambudziko mune zviwi zvakawanda, kusanganisira chiwi cheDiomida uye chitsuwa cheSt. Lawrence. Mamwe mvura yeGungwa reBering inopfuura nepakamanikana kuenda kuActic Ocean, asi vazhinji vavo vanopinda muPacific Ocean. Mumwaka wechando, Bering Strait inowanzotarisana nemhepo ine dutu, gungwa rakafukidzwa nechando kusvika ku 1.5 mamita akaenzana. Kunyura kwechando kunogara pano kunyange pakati pezhizha.

Anenge makore makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu emakore akapfuura, munguva yevagari vehondo , iyo yakawanda yemakungwa eve continental yakaumbwa kumusoro kwekumaodzanyemba kwepasi yakange ine mvura zhinji zvokuti nyika yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa yakanga iri mamita 90 kubva pasi kupfuura ikozvino. Munharaunda yeBering Strait, kudonhedzwa kwegungwa kwakaratidzwa turakiti guru, risina kuvharwa rinozivikanwa seBering Bridge kana Beringia. Akabatana Mazuva ano Alaska nechokuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kweAsia. Masayendisiti akawanda anotsanangura kuti Beringia yakanga yaita michero, uye pakanga pane kunyange nemhetera pairi. Icho chitubu chakazarura kupinda kwevanhu kuNorth American continent. Makore gumi nezviuru gumi nezviviri apfuura nekuda kwekunyunguduka kwemvura yegungwa yakasimuka, uye bhiriji raipfuura neBering Strait rakaputika.

Mukutaura, nhasi, kuti uwane kubva kuRussia Chukotka kusvika kuAmerica Alaska, zvakakwana kuti ushambire kwemaawa maviri nechikepe. Zvisinei, zvose zveU.S. neRussia zvinorega kusvikirwa kwegungwa. Hazvigoneki kuti munhu weAmerica kana muRussia ave nemvumo yekushambira muBering Strait. Dzimwe nguva vanofambisa zvisiri pamutemo vanoedza kuayambuka pa kayaks, nekushambira kana pairi.

Pane mhosho yekutadza kuti yakanyanyisa munguva yechando yakazara zvachose, uye zviri nyore kuyambuka ice. Zvisinei, kune yakasimba yekuchamhembe ikozvino, iyo inowanzotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemigwagwa mizhinji yakazaruka yemvura. Dzimwe nguva miviri iyi yakavharwa nekuputika kwechando, saka inofanirwa zvichiita, inofamba kubva pachigamba kusvika kune imwe, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo inofamba nekushambira, kuyambuka ganda.

Parizvino zviitiko zviviri zvekubudirira kubudirira kweBering Strait zvinozivikanwa. Yokutanga yakanyorwa muna 1998, apo baba nemwanakomana kubva kuRussia vakaedza kuenda kuAlaska netsoka. Mazuva mazhinji vakagara pagungwa pakusvetuka kwechando, kusvika pakupedzisira vakaendeswa kumhenderekedzo yeAlaska. Uye kwete kare kare, muna 2006, mufambi weChirungu Carl Bushby neshamwari yake yeAmerica Dimitri Kiefer vakadzoka. MuChakkotka, vakasungwa neFSB yeRussia ndokubva vadzokera kuUnited States. Paiva nemamwe maitiro akadai, asi ose akazoguma nekuti vadzikinuri vaifanira kusimudza vanhu kubva muvhariki nekubatsira kwe helicopter.