Butyrskaya mujeri muMoscow. Address, uye nhoroondo pfupi

Butyrskaya mujeri (pari nhamba 2 Detention UFSIN) yakavambwa muna 1771 varayirwa Catherine II. Provincial nhare mujeri ndiye akasika murongedzeri Kazakov. Maererano pokuiswa pfungwa, chivako aifanira kuva elongated hexagonal Ensemble. Pamakona zvakanzi akaronga kuvaka 4 kumativi crenellated shongwe chokuita nemasvingo marefu nezvidhina. Chii ichocho, uye basa akaendeswa upenyu. In Butyrskaya Castle ane 4 shongwe: asi Clock, Pugachev, Police uye North. chechi yaiva pakati muviri. Uye nhasi chechi Butyrskaya mujeri nevasungwa vanogona kupinda vakasununguka.

Pugachev chimurenga

Pakapera 1774 ari tsarist mauto akanga akakurira kumukira vanhuwo zvavo rinotungamirirwa Emelyana Pugacheva. Anotiza militiamen vakaendeswa Butyrskaya musungwa pasi murindi unorema nengetani uye namaketani. Of honzeri, Emelka, akapora kuMoscow Sedendere, uyewo muzvisungo. In kukudzwa musungwa akakurumbira akanga kunyange ainzi mumwe shongwe (South): muna 1775, asati aurayiwa, akanga akasungwa necheni rusvingo muimba yepasi meimba. Zvino iye Pugachev.

zviridzwa kurwadziswa

Mumazuva iwayo, Butyrskaya mujeri vari chaizvo chisimba kugutsikana. Mujeri tsarist, pane maturusi akawanda kuremedza vasungwa: shangu, chipfuramabwe, ngetani, macheya, anosungira ... Vasungwa necheni kunyange mhosva chiduku. Kubenzi - rinokosha simbi muhuro, izvo haana kubvumira musungwa nhema. Chains inoshandiswa mujeri matatu mifananidzo, vakanga zvaipfekwa pamusoro maoko, makumbo uye mutsipa. Dzimwe nguva matsotsi Uyezve necheni kumadziro. Chairs inoshandiswa kudzivirira kupukunyutsa. Vakanga zvakagadzirwa pomuouki chump yairema kusvika makirogiramu 25 uye okovyvalis simbi hoops. Pamitsipa musungwa rwakanga rwakakura chipika. Musungwa akanga saka kufamba kunyange bhati uye chimbuzi.

Kuwedzera majeri uye utongi shanduko

Muna 1878, mutirongo youmambo rakavakwazve uye kuwedzerwa. Somugumisiro, nenzvimbo aigona kutakura 2,500 vemhosva. Muna 1879 akakwidziridzwa kuti mukuru cellblock. Zvakabatsira sezvo huru napo pasuwo pedyo Pugachev Tower.

Muna 1889, mitemo nokudyisa vasungwa hwakatangwa. Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu kwezana remakore rechi20 mu "Butyrka" akasika rinokosha dhipatimendi mhosva noutsinye hurumende iyo aishandisa norufu.

Famous unhu "Butyrka"

Mukati masvingo mujeri ichi muMoscow muna rechi19 - mangwanani kwerechi20. ashanyirwa zhinji unhu akakurumbira: Bauman, Schmidt, Voroshilov, Dzerzhinsky, Makhno, uye vatori vechikamu zhinji kwazvakarerekera muna 1905. Sezvo 1906 Butyrskaya mujeri yakazozivikanwa seshanduro dikidiki Central. Pane akatanga yokusuma chinhu chaizvo hasha hurumende sechirango kunyange akasuma Kurohwa. "Michero" nehurumende itsva havana refu vari kuuya: denda, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, sefungu kuzviuraya. Muna 1910-1911 gg. pazuva akafa uye vasungwa 400 (kunyanya nokuda kuparadzwa). Apo Mukuru Kudriakov (muna 1908) aimbova musungwa youmambo akashandura mugehena: Kurohwa vakava zvakajairika, uye misikanzwa chaizvo akatumira mujeri yomukati.

kutandara muoti

Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu rechi17 gore, neketani, simbi uye zvimwe zvokushandisa dzave akadzima. Zvinonzi akabvumirawo kunotaura kumahwindo, hama kugamuchira transmissions. Butyrskaya Church liquidated, uye kufanorongwa remhizha chitoro uye Hardware chitoro mumba make. Takaronga raibhurari uye akabvumira kuti kuronga Concerts. Muna 1920 ndipo chakaitwa F. Chaliapin.

kubva 1983, ari oga dzimba vasungwa zvakave. Muna 1996, vose matsotsi vari mujeri nevamwe, akatumirwa pano. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinhu zvizhinji uye kugadzirisa akaita yakazvimiririra, pasina kugamuchira chinhu chebasa mapepa. Naizvozvo, zvivako zvakawanda regai kusangana ano chivakwa Codes.

Njodzi "Butyrka" pashure 2000

Muna 2001, munyika "Butyrka" pasi kugadziriswa. Hurumende chivakwa kunge kunatsiridzwa chose. Vakadzorerwa uye Unobudisawo nhasi, Chechi Our Lady. Kubvira 2003, muna yevasungwa chivako № 2 anoshanda uye weDhipatimendi Doro Psychiatry kunatsa kurovedzwa uye kudzidzisazve zvokurapa vashandi.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika: riripi Butyrskaya mutorongo? Address mujeri nhamba 2 UFSIN: Ul. Novoslobodskaya, 45 (zviri 4 km kubva muguta centre). Zvino tsika kudzivirirwa neHurumende sezvo ariye shongwe ine mapurani.

"Butyrka" ichava miziyamu?

Munguva pfupi, "Butyrka" anogona kutsausa mujeri kuva miziyamu. Zvinodiwa kuvhara kuvharirwa Nhongonya State Duma wevatariri atakurukura kakawanda, asi zvakadaro kure hapana zvabuda kubudirira.

Vagari dzimba pedyo vari Ndaigara kuti funga nokuvhara tirongo. Chekutanga, asi maonero kubva pamahwindo avo mwoyo - mahwindo namazariro. Chechipiri, muchivanze ari kunzwa munhuwi muboka revatungamiriri. Uye Chechitatu, pamwe pamasuo nguva kurangarirwa zvose Reference Bureau kujeri. Uyezve, pane imwe pfungwa inokosha. Munharaunda apo Butyrskaya mujeri, kuti kutengesa furati pamusika mutengo hazvibviri, zvinonzwisisika.

Pashure Zvichemo Muscovites vevatariri zhinji aida resettle vasungwa mujeri musi Vilyuiskaya mumugwagwa, apo, sezvinei, uye mamiriro ezvinhu ari nani zvikuru. Uye mu "Butyrka", unogona kungoti akavhura miziyamu mutorongo. Zvisinei, apo mubvunzo uyu haana kuda. Vamwe vakuru vanofunga kuti pane njodzi absconding matsotsi dzaifanoiswa. Uye kune zvakawanda "zvekumwe" kupfimbwa - kufamba mu "Butyrka" mausoleum.

zviitiko Key

mujeri Butyrskaya kuonekwa masvingo evanyori nomukurumbira, vezvematongerwe enyika, masayendisiti, uye zvichingodaro. D. The rinonyatsooneka kukura ichangopfuura akanga pfupi stints Gusinsky. Akanga pano ndiyo nzvimbo Blatna - kamubhedha by hwindo iri rokutanga weDanho, kunyange yeTV muchitokisi chake.

Asi, nhasi terevhizheni inogona kuonekwa mukamuri imwe neimwe. The "Butyrka" anewo raibhurari ane vakasarudzwa thrillers, Classics uye yokunyepera zvakanaka.

In ake kupembedza nguva vasungwa vari kuita zvakasiyana-siyana panyaya. Ndivo vanatenzi zviridzwa kuti nyora, kubva gaba magaba uye nehari mapanga, vamwe kunyange vanokwanisa kuvaka mukaravhani pfuti. Zvatinosiita varaidzo "nezvayakaipira" - Dominoes, backgammon uye wechesi. In mujeri kadhi kutamba hakubvumidzwi. Nokuti ichi, Chokwadi, nhasi haina ndokupfura, asi ari kutonhora inogona kuisa. Nesimba hapana dambudziko. Kunyange zvazvo vaviri makore apfuura zvakanga zviipe. Zviya, kubva 1996, vakadzi pano havachasungirwi akaiswa.

shamisa matavi

Chii hazvina kuitika mujeri nhamba 2, dzimwe makuhwa vachiri dzakazara Moscow. Butyrskaya mujeri akaona kuti yaro refu nhoroondo dzakawanda matarenda awo. Kuchine Legends pamusoro Lantsova refutenendi, anoramba kuita kwako. The "Butyrka" izvozvo akadyara kupfuura kamwe, asi nguva imwe neimwe iye akakwanisa kubuda. Uyewo, vanoti rimwe vasungwa vakapukunyuka zvakananga kubva kuhofisi dzendege wacho. Ndichivanza kusvikira Second World War.

Edza kunzvenga uye yakaidzwa post-kweSoviet. Muna 1992, vasungwa vaviri kudzura resimbi afoot pachiitwa muchivanze, vakakwira padenga, akasvetukira pasi kubva pakakwirira paburiro rechitatu uye vakatiza. Zvisinei, havana anonoswa navo mumazuva mashomanana.

Muna 1996, akasarudza kuita kutiza. Ndokutumidza pacharo pamusoro musungwa, uyo chaizvoizvo kunge vakasununguka, uye chinyararire akasiya mundima kuvharirwa centre. Ivo anonoswa naye pashure 3 days.

Muna 2000 iye akakwanisa kutiza kushandisa mugari Georgia. Zvisinei, ivo akaibata muna 5 mazuva. Mugore iroro gore rufu mutsara, nezvirongo kuchera wakasimudza pezvizuva samende pasi, vakapukunyuka matsotsi matatu ngozi. Vaviri vacho vakawana pashure 3 wamavhiki, uye wechitatu akabatwa chete muna April 2003.

Asi zvikuru kuyevedza kupukunyuka kubva Butyrskaya akaita musungwa-makore 26 Vitaly Ostrovsky (Belarus). Zvino musi April 22, 2010. Akasvetuka pamusoro mukuru fenzi yacho yevasungwa nzvimbo panguva pamahombekombe ipapo takapfugama tikanyengetera. Find zvakanga zvisingaiti nhasi. Akafuridzirwa kwokutizira Ostrovsky, mazuva maviri pashure ake "Feat" akamhanya-makore 24 Vitaly Loktev nemhosva kwevana. Murume akamanikidza mizariro hwindo uye akasvetuka kure pedenga insulator. Asi kuedza uyu sezvinei vakakundikana - vakamuwana ari iwoyo.

Museum "Butyrka"

Kubvira muna 1971, kuti miziyamu unoshanda pano, asi hapana saka nyore kwaari. Shanyira izvozvo chete kubvumira kuti pokushandisa repamutemo. Asi kana ikaramba zvinopera yaimbova karwendo kuti Butyrka kujeri kuti vayeuke. The miziyamu Somuenzaniso, unogona kuona yakawanda zvinoshamisa zvinoratidza akatorazve kubva ura vasungwa: chigero, nekiyi, nezvirongo. Uye mumwe musungwa panguva kunyange yakamedza zvidimbu 28 Domino Chips. Ndaifanira andodzitora surgically. Chaizvo sezvo siyana kugadzirwa zvombo: mapanga, pfuti, muchina kuti nyora.

"Butyrka" iri mifananidzo

- Pane zvarongwa mutambo "Mimino" mu kamera 8 "Butyrskaya" ari protagonist Valiko Mizandari. Izvi iye pachake akaudza apo kushandisa kuti mutyairi wendege kunodzidziswa.

- In 2001, rakavakwa boka "Butyrka". Zita iri musicians akapa chikwata pashure kuedza vasungwa uchapukunyuka 2001. Pane rimwe boka kuti vakaimba rwiyo pamusoro mujeri nhamba 2 - "Cross Ace". Butyrskaya mujeri, nekuda nziyo dzavo akatozova nomukurumbira, uye kure miganhu Russia.

- Paiva filmed mujeri nhoroondo dzinoti "Tizenhet nguva Spring." Runyerekupe ane kuti, kana mutirongo corridors aifamba vemifananidzo muchimiro SS uye Gestapo, vamwe vasungwa pakati rinoteerera jokingly akati, "Oh, uyai edu!"

- Akashanyirwa mu "Butyrka" uye Hollywood mutambi Mikki Rurk, kuti vajaire mufananidzo ari firimu "Iron Man 2".

Saka, inguva kutora unganidza. Mumwe mujeri yakakurumbira Russian runoonekwa kuna Butyrskaya kujeri, kero iyo, Sezvineiwo, munguva yemberi iri pedyo vanogona kuchinja. Zvisinei, saka kure, pasinei nokuti yevasungwa Zvivako haachatyi asangana zvakawanda zvinodiwa uye utsanana zvinodiwa, kuti resettle vasungwa vari hapana mhanya. Asi kunyange kana ichi ngachiitwe, chivako mujeri nhamba 2 ndiko kutungamirira vanhu kuti kutya kwemakore akawanda.