Chii chinonzi phosphorus mabhomba? Phosphorus mabhomba - nemigumisiro. Action phosphoric mabhomba

With kukura avhiyesheni michina, rinoshandiswa hondo, zvaida zvombo, vaikwanisa kuita pose ehondo muvengi ari munzvimbo huru. Incendiary mabhomba vaiva avaida World War First. Vakanga yakasarira mano, zvinosanganisira kuva tangi pamwe eparafini uye inertial fiyuzi, waimira sehwaro zvake kwepfuti katuriji.

Mune 30s remakore rapfuura zvaishandiswa kubhomba vanonzi phosphate balls. Kuzadza pavo vakashumira yero phosphorus muchimiro granules rakakura 15-20 mm. By anodonha bhora akadaro dzakaparira izvozvo, asi pedyo pasi uchipfuta nezvimedu phosphorus propaliv goko vakapararira kufukidza mvura moto munzvimbo yakakura. Raishandiswa senzira sputtering nzira nomoto pellets mune chaiyo matangi ari ndege panguva yakaderera kukwira.

Panguva Second World War, vanhu pavakanzwa kuti yakadaro phosphoric bhomba muchimiro nayo iripo nhasi. Raiva mudziyo akazara balls phosphorus achirema 100 kusvika 300 magiramu, zvachose kurema anosvika mumwe tani. ordnance kwakadaro yadonha nekukwirira vanenge 2 km uye raputika mamita 300 kubva pasi. Mazuvano phosphorus incendiary anoshongwa maererano nemauto akasimba munyika nenzvimbo ine chinenge ose zvombo zvinoshandiswa kubhomba.

phosphorus chena

Pakati ose combustible zvakashandiswa mu incendiary zvombo, chena phosphorus ane nzvimbo inokosha. Izvi imhaka yaro rakasiyana namakemikari ehupfumi, zvikurukuru combustion tembiricha rinosvika 800-1000 Celsius. Chimwe chinhu chinokosha mano fuma iyi seva vesa nomuzvarirwo uchikurukura neoxygen iri mumhepo. Kutsva, phosphorus chena ichabereka gobvu utsi chepfu, izvo zvinokonzera dzakawanda kutsva ari kufema turakiti uye chepfu muviri.

A dose pamusoro 0.05-0.1 d inouraya kuti murume. A chena phosphorus artificially kana ari kukurukurirana pamusoro phosphate apatites pamwe silica uye chemubhotoro, pagungano tembiricha kuti 1600 inegumi. Nechokunze, akatarisa sezvinoita namo, nyore akaremara uye akachekwa, izvo zvinoita kuti mukana chaizvo richizadza chero zvombo. Kunewo mabhomba, akazadzwa plasticized chena phosphorus. Plasticization kunoitwa nokuwedzera viscous mhinduro yacho chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha.

Mhando incendiary chena phosphorus munitions

Nhasi pane mhando dzakawanda zvombo, kukanganisa munhu fuma iri chena phosphorus:

• mabhomba;
• zvitundumuseremusere;
• atirari anoshongwa;
• dhaka anoshongwa;
• ruoko magirinedhi.

Zvikuru ngozi ndiyo mhando mbiri zvombo wokutanga, sezvo vane hombe hama kuna mamwe unoshamisa zvinogona.

Chii chinonzi phosphoric bhomba

Modern phosphorus mabhomba - ichi ndege zvombo, ina dzimba, mumwe mafuta filler sezvo chena phosphorus kana wemisanganiswa zvakaoma anoverengeka mutariri, uye mashandiro ayo kuvesa. Vanogona rakakamurwa mhando mbiri maererano nzira actuation: mumhepo pashure matambudziko pamwe pemvura. First actuated detonator dzinodzorwa, inobva aida kukwira uye airspeed pamusoro ndege, ekupedzisira putika zvakananga pamusoro rova.

Dzimba kuti mabhomba dzakadaro kazhinji akaita kubva chiwanikwa chinotsva inonzi "Erekitironi", zvinosanganisira magnesium uye aruminiyamu, iyo vakapisa pamwe musanganiswa. Kazhinji akawedzera kuti phosphorus dzimwe combustibles, semuenzaniso napalm kana thermite, izvo substantially inowedzera combustion kudziya musanganiswa. Action phosphoric mabhomba akafanana nebhomba akazadzwa napalm. Kutonhora vose zvinhu combustion vari ndezvomuzana kufanana (800-1000 ° C), asi nokuda phosphorus uye napalm ari zvombo ano ichi zvazvingava kwazvo 2,000 p ^˚

The Air Force ine mauto incendiary sumbu mabhomba, zvinova chaiwo mudziyo akazadzwa yakawanda diki mabhomba. Dumped mugaba inotongwa pamusoro-bhodhi zvichiongororwa hurongwa, akadura, kuva pane imwe pakakwirira, iro anobvumira huru munitions yarova kupfura chaipo. Kuti tinzwisise kuti phosphoric bhomba muzviito, unofanira kungwarira ngozi ayo bata zvinhu.

zvinhu kukanganisa

Kana kushandisa chena phosphorus sechinhu zvinobata moto fuma kuti mabhomba vanogamuchira akawanda kukuvadza zvinhu:

• simba murazvo kubva combustion pamusoro musanganiswa panguva tembiricha kusvika 2000 C ^˚ anokonzera kutsva, inotyisa kukuvara uye inorwadza;
• uturu gasi, chinyamunhari chinorwadza uye nokupisa mutange yemweya;
• okisijeni upise munharaunda chikumbiro, zvichitungamirira kutadza kufema;
• mupfungwa kuvhunduka anokonzerwa jeko.

Phosphoric bhomba duku raputika zvakarurama pakakwirira, achirova imwe nzvimbo 100-200 mativi metres, kufukidza zvose kumativi moto. Kusvika pamusoro womunhu, tudonhwe gang nokupisa phosphorus rutanda uye carbonize kuti makemikari tishu. Anogona kudzima, ichivharira kuwana reokisijeni.

Special phosphorus mabhomba anoshandiswawo kuita muvengi, riri yokuvanda. Preheated kuti 1500-2000 ^˚ C kuti apise mafuta musanganiswa anokwanisa dzokurwa uye kunyange kongiri uriri, uye kufunga kuti pane kutonhora dzakadaro kukurumidza vanopisa neoxygen iri mumhepo, mikana kurarama, zvakavigwa yepasi, asi dugout kana mamwe pokugara, kushanda kwete.

Kwaiva nokuda strangulation kufa mazana zvavo pakati Vietnamese vanhu panguva imwe kubhombiwa of US Air Force. vanhu ava vakaurayiwa mune pre-vachera dugouts, vasina humbowo kuti phosphoric bhomba.

Migumisiro kushandisa chena phosphorus munitions

Panguva combustion napalm uye phosphorus akasunungura guru chepfu mumhepo, kusanganisira dioxins - a simba muchetura fuma tinazvo simba carcinogenic uye mutagenic. The US Air Force panguva Vietnam rutsigiro vachishingaira akashandisa napalm uye phosphorus mabhomba. Migumisiro yacho combustion zvibereko zvinhu izvi pamusoro womunhu muviri anogona kuonekwa panguva ino. Muzvinhu zvaiswa pasi mumwe bombardment yakadaro, uye nhasi vana vanoberekwa vaine kwazvo abnormalities uye kunotouraya.

Kurambidza kuti mabhomba phosphate

White phosphorus munitions vasiri pamutemo chokuita zvombo zvinoparadza, asi avo unoshandiswa shoma nokuda dzakati dzeUN Convention. Gwaro iri inodzora kushandiswa kwavo zvinangwa zvechiuto, uye unorambidza kushandiswa nokuda kwokushora zvinhu murunyararo. Maererano dzakati, phosphorus mabhomba hazvibvumidzwe kushandiswa mune vakawanda munzvimbo dzavo nezvakapoteredza, kunyange kana paine zvemauto.

Nezvaanoziva vachena phosphorus munitions munguva yedu

Panguva payakatora kuCambodia muna 1980s remakore rapfuura, uto Vietnamese vaishandisa ndege unguided zvitundumuseremusere, mhosva chena phosphorus, nokuti kuparadzwa "Khmer Rouge". Reactive phosphorous anoshongwa zvaishandiswa British utikitivha muna 2003 pedyo neguta Basra muIraq.

Kwapera gore, muna Iraq, US Army achitoita kushandiswa muhondo kuti Fallujah phosphorus mabhomba. Photos Migumisiro kubhomba munoona munyaya. Muna 2006 uye 2009, hondo Israeli vaishandisa chena phosphorus munitions panguva Second Lebanon Hondo uye Gaza Strip panguva Operation "Kandai Lead".

How kudzivirira pamusoro pakunzwisisa nomoto phosphorus

Kuti vazvidzivirire zvakanakisisa kubva kukuvadza zvinhu zviri phosphorus zvombo, zvakakodzera pachena kutsanangura mhando kushandiswa Armed. Kana kushandisa phosphorous mabhomba, ndege, achiperekedzwa kubhururuka pasi murazvo uye hutema chena kana nokupisa pashure pokuputika kwacho nharaunda, pakarepo kusiya nedambudziko nzvimbo, kufamba akananga nevetrenuyu.

Sezvo vanotsvaka vanoshandisa nzvimbo nani simba pindana uye vanomanikidzwa kufefetedza. Kana nzvimbo dzakadaro akasaonekwa, kushandiswa wedzimba, pemigero, makomba, motokari, akafukidza pacharo pamwe kugadzirwa nzira, iyo inogona kuita sezvinoita simbi kana matanda ukomba, mapuranga, matende, nezvimwewo, uchiyeuka kuti ichapa chete kwenguva pfupi kudzivirirwa.

Nokuti kufema chinodzivirira zvakakodzera kushandisa Sefa zvifukidziro, haende kana nyoro jira zvakakangwa mune mhinduro kuti kubikira pasoda. Mushure neVadzidzi uchipfuta musanganiswa iri panze zvipfeko kana ganda zvakakodzera kudzima womoto, kufukidza vanga nzvimbo rinenge rakavhara mapindiro reokisijeni. Hapana nyaya anogona kumanikidza pasi vachidzipukuta murazvo sezvo combustion nzvimbo vanogona ngazviwedzerwe. Havabvumirwi kuti richipedza uye nokushandisa mvura maererano mukana spraying munhu combustible musanganiswa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zatushennye chena phosphorus nezvimedu anogona vesa zvakare.