Classes musi Blake: nzvimbo in, kupatsanura uye vabatwe mazino caries

Sei patsanura mazino caries? Zviri chete pakutanga kuaona chirwere nyore anozivikanwa wose. Nokuti vanachiremba vemazino, pane musiyano wayo-siyana, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo anoda yayo inokosha yokusvika kuna kurapwa.

Caries yakasiyana

Caries - vakawanda chirwere dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango, kukura panguva dzakasiyana nzvimbo kwemeno zvinogona zvakasiyana uye kurapwa mufananidzo kwacho. Nokuti zvivanakire kurapwa, yakarurama kusarudza rokugadzirira zino uye kushandiswa rakavhara zvinhu mhando kuti patsanura mazino caries. Saka govera zvidzidzo pamusoro Blake, kudzika kukundwa, ukuru basa nedanho kuparadzwa, nokuvapo yematambudziko, ari kurapwa hunhu uye nzvimbo yacho lesion.

Chinonyanya dzakakurumbira ndiyo kupatsanura wakatangwa muna 1986 imwe American chiremba wemazino George. Black. Chinangwa chacho chaiva systematization zvinodiwa pakurapa zvakasiyana siyana chimiro mhando zino caries.

Classes musi Blake

Black akaratidza makirasi shanu kuti localize pamusoro pemvura, ndiko kuti, zvichienderana apo riri carious mhango:

1. Localization Kunetsana (makatsemuka uye dzegirini ari enamel occlusal pamusoro), Makomba molars uye premolars (makuru uye zviduku molars), canines uye incisors.
2. It sei maviri kana kupfuura hukawanika - akabatwa ari medial uye distal (pamberi caries pamusoro mazino) kana occlusion (kutsenga uye vakatema hukawanika) molars uye premolars.
3. Kuchiita hosha pamusoro medial uye distal chikamu canines uye incisors.
4. Localization kwakafanana kuti mukirasi yechitatu, pamwe entrained pakona rekorona mugove kana kutema pemvura.
5. Mhango inoremekedzwa ari remuromo mugove upi boka kwemeno.

ne Black mamakisi systematize zvose zvinobvira embodiments ose in, mumwe nomumwe wavo anopa yoga kurapwa, nzira zino kwegadziriro murwere uye kuisa chisimbiso.

Kirasi yokutanga nokuda Black

pakudaro Located carious mhango kuwedzera ngozi kutyora chisimbiso kumucheto mukuru kumanikidzwa pairi panguva kutsenga. Kana zino kugadzirira kunosanganisira matanho asava munhu mukana wakadaro. Izvi zvinoitika Akaroromesawo bevel enamel uchidzifukidza munhu mukobvu rukoko rokuzadza zvinhu. Kana uchishandisa chine ine makemikari Kurapwa rinoshandiswa newokuti pasi ayo mhango, sezvo shrinkage kuchabudirira kurutivi pulp. Kana kushandisa chiedza-akarapa zvinhu, zviri vakaisa slanting akaturikidzana. Shrinkage muchiitiko ichi kuchabudirira kuti polymerization kunobva. Akaturikidzana paucharara kubva pakati pasi kusvikira kumucheto pakati mhango, kudzvokora kunoitika kuburikidza parutivi masvingo, uye pashure - perpendicular kuti dög pamusoro. Somugumisiro, zvakasimba wakafanira kunoitwa mune chisimbiso mhango.

Nzendo wakazadza in vekirasi yokutanga

Zviito zvakadaro anofanira kutorwa chiremba wemazino kuti ndiporese Grade 1 musi Blake:

• anesthetize (shandisa rufimbi gel kana mwaya lidocaine) ,
• gadzirai zino (gadziriro kunosanganisira kuchera zvakadzika carious chikamu zvakaoma tishu)
• kana zvakakodzera kuti kuisa insulating gasket (kudzivirira kukuvadzwa rinoumba kusvika pulp yayo bundu)
• iine acid pickle uye sukurudza, nokuomesa ari mhango,
• kure mate,
• hako kushandisa lähikuva (nokuti dentin)
• Shandisa namira (chokuedza pakati rinoumba nhengo uye zino jira kana lähikuva)
• rukoko nokuda rukoko kukandira zvinhu kubata Kurapwa kwayo,
• kugadziridzwa kuti zvandinenge chimiro, kubereka kupedza uye makorari,
• kuti kudzvokora (chokupedzisira Kurapwa).

Kirasi wechipiri Black

Kuva matambudziko ayo Grade 2 Black kunoratidza aanoita huru zvinangwa zviviri - kuumba simba kuonana pakati pameno uye achipa snug zvakakodzera rinoumba kumucheto mukuru mhango. Kazhinji chisimbiso kunoomeswa pakuonekwa overhanging kumucheto zvisimbiso, kushaya kubatana pakati pameno kana zvinhu pamwe in. Kuti izvi zvisaitika, shandisa mutete chizvaro rinoitwa zino zvaizopedza (kusvika sezvaibvira) kushandisa emapuranga wedges. In kudzidzisa interdental nzvimbo chizvaro ndokuinama achikanganisa, ipapo akakanyiwa nemvura. The wedge unozvimba uye anosandudzira zino. Nzira iyi apo achizadza kudzivisa overhanging micheto mumakomba, izvo zvinozoita zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba matadza. Gobvu zvokunyama zvakakodzera mhango kunopa kushandisa imwe namira - bhainda pacharo nekuti chinoumbwa inogona zvakasimba chokuita chete enamel, asi dentin.

Matanho ichizadza in kirasi yechipiri

ne Black Makirasi ari kurapwa vane zvakafanana, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo kunoda anokosha nuances rokuzadza. Heano matanho kuti kirasi yechipiri:

• yokutindivadza,
• gadziriro,
• kana zvakakodzera, kururamisa matadza,
• Kuisa chizvaro pakatanga remuti achikanganisa kana wokuisira,
• kana uchifamba kunze meno zvakafanira,
• kuti nokuiswa ane insulating spacer (kana zvakakodzera)
• kuita etching nzira, iine acid Washing uye kuomesa
  mhango
• voga zino kubva mate,
• nokushandisa lähikuva uye namira,
• kana zvakakodzera - akadzosazve enamel micheto (kana iripo),
• kuti nokuiswa rinoumba akaturikidzana,
• Kubvisa chizvaro uye achikanganisa,
• kuzvidzora interproximal kuonana,
• kururamiswa, makorari,
• kudzvokora pedza.

Rwechitatu norwechina makirasi

Pano, huru basa iri reDare kusarudzwa ruvara pakati zvinodiwa zvokunyama, nokuti ichi kana mazino ari mupasi nechemberi mazino. Nokuda dzakasiyana coefficient ose pachena dentin uye enamel, kurapwa zvakakodzera kushandisa chine mavara maviri akasiyana. Kudiwa nezino sokuti homogeneous, ndikarunamatidza haana kutarira somunhu chigamba. Kusika kupfuura dzinongoitika chaizvoizvo, shandisa nevachena kwemashoko kutevedzera dentin, uye akapotsa yakajeka - kuti recreate zviri enamel. Kuchinja kwakanga chisingaoneki, bevel kuti enamel rinosanganisira 2-3 mm. Zvakakosha kuti akanaka kudaro basa achiita chiremba wemazino akanaka anogona nemazvo kuona pachena pamusoro zino. Kune madhigirii zvitatu: opaque (kazhinji yellowish, opaque kunyange kutema unopinza), segirazi (yeyero-ndachena noruvara, läpinäkyvä nokuveza unopinza), kwakanyatsojeka chaizvo (grayish, läpinäkyvä nharaunda kuhondo chetatu zino.

Matanho richizadza in 3 uye 4 makirasi

Kuti asimbise rwechitatu norwechina makirasi in ne Black, chiremba wemazino anofanira kupedza anotevera:

• wachenesa pemvura Dombo iri,
• kuziva zino mumvuri,
• anesthetize,
• kuti agadzirire zino kusunungura kubva hweHIV tishu
• akaisa yokururamisa shinda kana chizvaro, kana zvichidikanwa (sei gingival kumahombekombe)
• kushandisa insulating lining,
• kana zvakakodzera, kuti umutse contours kwemeno,
• iine acid sukurudza nokuomesa ari mhango,
• patsanura mate,
• Kushandisa lähikuva (optional) uye namira
• plobiruyuschy kusangomanikidzira akaturikidzana zvinhu,
• Kubviswa chizvaro uye filaments, kana zvinoshanda,
• kugadzirisa unopinza, kuti nokuronga zino,
• kukuya uye makorari,
• kudzvokora pedza.

giredhi Wechishanu ne Black

Panyaya iyi, chikuru kukosha ndiye ukama pakati matadza uye in. With zvakadzama maronda pamwe pakazovharwa rezasi pamucheto matadza, ropa rake, akanaka chiremba wemazino pakarepo chinoita kuti nokururamiswa pakati gingival kumahombekombe. Pashure zvakakodzera kuchinja ari chingamu kwemazuva mashomanana, kumanikidza pfupi zvekupfakira kubvisa zvimwe zvinetso kana kugadzwa rusingaperi. giredhi Wechishanu kunosanganisira kushandisa zvinoumba zvinhu uye compomers (rinoumba-ionomer sezvamunoita). Ekupedzisira inoshandiswa zvachero maronda ane chinokosha chikamu guru localization. Muzviitiko apo aesthetic chitarisiko kunokosha (kana kukundikana inobata chete enamel), achishandisa chiedza-Kurapwa chinoumbwa zvikurukuru yasarudzwa ruvara.

Matanho nokuti achizadza in wechishanu kirasi

Zvokuita kana kurapa caries giredhi wechishanu:

• kuchenesa zino pamusoro kubva Dombo,
• kuona mumvuri,
• shandisa yokutindivadza
• kuita kwetsinga, achibvisa Kwakapomhodzwa tishu
• zvakarurama gingival mumucheto, kana zvakakodzera,
• kupinda yokururamisa tambo,
• kumanikidza gasket nokuda kuputira, kana zvakakodzera,
• iine acid sukurudza, akaoma,
• kure mate,
• Shandisa lähikuva uye namira,
• kurongedza zvinhu, kudzvokora,
• kukuya uye makorari,
• kudzvokora pedza.

mugiredhi rechitanhatu

The akakurumbira American chiremba wemazino, anezita rinonzi kupatsanura unonzi, Kune mapoka mashanu in. Kwenguva refu, maitiro ake yaishandiswa yaro yepakutanga chimiro. Asi gare gare kutanga Utano nemakirasi ne Black World Organization kwave kuchiita zviduku kuchinja - nayo rakawedzerwa wechitanhatu. Iye rinotsanangura localization pakati caries panguva unopinza pamucheto incisors uye pazvikomo posterior kwemeno.