Creativity uye biography yaVeronika Tushnova

Tushnova Veronika Mikhailovna - munyori anonyanya kuRussia. Nhetembo dzake dzinogutsa mweya dzakazara nemhanzi uye kushamisika mafungiro ekucherechedza rudo.

Mhuri yeKazan yakakura mumhuri yepurofesa wemishonga Tushnov Mikhail Pavlovich naPostnikova Alexandra Georgievna.

1911 kana 1915?

Zuva rekuberekwa kwepamutemo, rinoratidzwa mumabhuku ezvinyorwa, mamwe mabhuku ezvinyorwa uye pamusoro peguva rekumurumbira wemunyori, rinotorwa musi waMarch 14, 1915. Zvisinei, maererano nezvinyorwa zveKazan Literary Museum inonzi Gorky uye yakabudisa mutsara wehurukuro "For It Can All Be Given", yakanyorwa nemwanasikana waVeronika Tushnova - Natalia Rozinskaya, inonzi zuva chaiyo rekuzvarwa kwaVera Tushnova musi waMarch 27, 1911. Zuva iri rinoratidzwa muchidimbu kubva mubhuku rematare, zvichiratidza kubhabhatidzwa kwake muna 1911. Uyewo pakutsigira ichi ndicho chokwadi chokuti musikana wechikoro akapedza kudzidza muna 1928; Mugore rimwe chete akazova mudzidzi paDhigiri Faculty yeKunivhesiti yeKazan, iyo yakanga isingakwanisi pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu.

Biography yaVeronika Tushnova

Mhuri yekutenda yakagara yakachengeteka isati yasvika, uye zvinhu zvose zvakagumburwa. Muchiyeuchidzo chaVera, amai vangu vanovanza naye kubva kuhomwe yepamusoro pedenga, zvose zviri kupisa nekukomba. Typhus, nzara, hondo yevagari vemo, rufu nekuparadza, kuuya kwesimba reSoviet uye hupenyu husina hanya nokuda kwehomwe yababa vangu.

Kubvira achiri muduku, Veronika Tushnova, uyo mazita ake aibatanidza nhetembo upenyu hwake hwose, aifarira nhetembo uye kupenda, akatanga kunyora nhetembo kare. Musikana uyu aifamba achimhanya pamuswa asina shangu, achivata pamakomo edziva-strewny, achibata zuva mahara mumichindwe yeruoko rwako uye achitarisa nyika yakamukomberedza nemapepanhau ake, kuimba, kutamba vasungwa. Zvose zvinonakidza izvo zvakanyanya kufadza kufunga kwevana, Veronika akagadzirirwa mumifananidzo kana mitsara yezvinyorwa, izvo zvaifanira kuvanza kubva kuna baba vake, avo vanoona ramangwana rekunda wavo bedzi munharaunda yezvokurapa.

Kutanga Zvinyorwa

Chikoro Nha. 14 chakatumidzwa neAAD Radishchev nekudzidza kwakasimbiswa kwemitauro yekunze, umo Vera akadzidza, yaionekwa seimwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisisa muguta reKazani, saka hazvishamisi kuti mudzidzi wakashinga uyu ainyatsoziva muchiChirungu neFrench. Uyu mudzidzi aipiwawo zvakanaka mabhuku; Chipo chayo mumamiriro ezvinhu aya chakacherechedzirwa nemudzidzisi wechikoro Skvortsov Boris Nikolaevich, uyo aiwanzoverenga mabasa aTushnova zvinonzwika semuenzaniso.

Uyezve, pamusana pokusimbiswa kwababa vake, inoratidzwa neine simba, mumwe angatotaurawo kuti ane urombo, Vera muna 1928 akava mudzidzi wehutano hwezvechiremba chechikoro. Muna 1931, maererano nekugadzwa kwemubereki kune imwe nzvimbo yebasa, mhuri yakatamira kune guta guru, kune imwe imba yaNovainsky Boulevard, yakagamuchirwa nokuda kwebasa murapi, uye muna 1936, mushure mekufa kwaMikhail Pavlovich, kuLeningrad, uko Vera akapfuurira mberi zvidzidzo zvake Uye akagamuchira chiremba wechiremba. Makore mana ekudzidza kune musikana muduku akanga akakwana kuti anzwisise chisarudzo chisina kunaka chehupenyu. Aifarira kuvepa uye peetic peni kuongorora zvakanyanya. Muna 1938, Vera akaroora mumwe munhu ane mukurumbira wepfungwa anonzi Yuri Rozinsky, uyo akaberekera mwanasikana wake Natalia muna 1939. Zvisinei, imba yekutanga yakanga ichikurumidza uye yakakurumidza kuparadzana. Chii chakava chikonzero-hapana anoziva: ruzivo pamusoro pezvakaitika pamwoyo, nhamo, hazvichengetedzi; Zvichida, zvakawanda zvinongoratidzirwa nhengo dzemhuri yekutenda.

Kutanga kubudiswa

Ndima dzaVeronica Tushnova, uyo akatanga kunyora mangwanani, akatanga kubudiswa muna 1938; Mumushure mehondo, nhetembo dzakapinda muupenyu hwake nokusingaperi. Muna 1941, musikana wechidiki, achida kunyanya uye kuita zvekunyora nhetembo uye nyorigy, akapinda muLittary Institute yeGorky, asi kuuya kwehondo hakuna kupa mukana wekudzidza. Neamai vanorwara nemwana (baba vake vakanga vatofa kare panguva iyoyo) akatamira kuKazan, kwaakagamuchira basa sechiremba wechipatara muchipatara cheuropiyuta kune avo vakakuvara varwi veArmed Army. Veronica Tushnova's biography yakaramba iri mubasa rakaoma, rinopedza simba, risingapindirani nebasa: pamabasa eusiku musikana akaramba achinyora chimwe chinhu, izvo murwere akamuti "chiremba ane kadhi." Mumwaka wechando muna 1943, akadzokera kuMoscow sechiremba akagara mune chimwe chipatara. Muna 1944, bhuku rakanzi "New World" rakabudisa rondedzero yake "Chiremba", yakatsaurirwa kuna NL Chistyakov - iro rakashanda esculapus, shamwari yake muchipatara. Muna 1944, "Komsomolskaya Pravda" yakabudisa ruzivo "Nhetembo pamusoro pemwanasikana", rakagamuchirwa rakagamuchirwa neaverengi.

Kunaka Veronica Tushnova

"Bhuku rokutanga", rakabudiswa neimba yokudhinda "Young Guard" muna 1945, yakava kutanga kwezvinyorwa uye nhetembo dzeVera ane makore 29. Zita idzva mumitembo rakaramba risingaoneki uye rakatsoropodzwa nemasters ekunyora. Vatsoropodzi vakafunga kuti nhetembo dzake dzaive dzakangwarira uye dzisingatauri. Iri ndiro rinotevera, "Migwagwa-migwagwa", iyo runyararo Veronika Tushnova rusingatyi nokuda kwekutya kunonyadzisa, yakabudiswa mumakore 9, muna 1954; Munyori wenhema haana kungwarira kubudisa vana vake muchiedza.

Bhuku iri rakanyorwa pamusoro penzira dzekutenderera nyika, ndima dzakafuridzirwa nevanhu vatsva uye vanozivana, maonero akajeka, mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo emakwikwi ezvikepe, zviteshi zvezvitima nezvitima. Kufungisisa, kuongorora uye zvakaitika mumugwagwa zvakanyatsobatanidzwa mukudanana uye zvinyorwa zvemashoko. Asi kunyange mumutsoropodzi idzi vakaona zvikanganiso, vachifunga kuti Tushnova haana kuwana izwi rake uye munhu wake wokusika. Asi muverengi ari nyore uye akatendeseka nemashoko anobva pamwoyo, echikadzi chakadzika uye chakaoma.

Mazana makumi mashanu muhupenyu hwehuturo

Zvose gumi izvi zvekunyarara, runyararo Veronika Tushnova, ane nhoroondo inomutsa chido chechokwadi chevanoyemura basa rake, akashanda zvakaoma uye anobereka: akanyora zvinyorwa mupepanhau, akaita sarudzo yekusika kuLittary Institute, akaiongorora muimba yekudhinda "Fiction", yakashandurwa zvikuru kubva kuvanin'ina vaRabindranath Tagore. Zvose izvi makore Veronica akazvitsvaga munhetembo: zvinorwadza, zvakaoma, kazhinji zvichirasikirwa neuchenjeri hwake. Muna 1952, nhetembo inoti "Mugwagwa weKlukhor" yakanyorwa, iyo yakaiswa mubhuku ra1944 uye yakagamuchirwa zvakanaka nevatsoropodzi; Muverengi wezuva ranhasi anoona mumiganhu yebasa iri humwe hutsinye hwekutaura, nemaune, maitiro emhedheni, kukwidziridzwa kwezvinyengeri, zvinyorwa zvenhema uye chido chechikwereti - chakagadzirirwa mune zvinyorwa zvino zvakakanganwa zveSoviet.

Usarega, rudo ...

Nyaya inonyanyozivikanwa Tushnova - "Usaramba rudo." Kwenguva yekutanga rwiyo rwemimhanzi yeMinkova Mark rwakagadzirwa muchitambo cheMoscow Pushkin Theatre muna 1976; A hit, yakanzwika kwemakumi emakumi emakore, yakaitwa naAlla Pugacheva muna 1977. Iyo yekutanga inopa chikwata cheRussia inodanidza rwiyo urwu runokosha mu repertoire yake uye rakaziva kuti panguva yekushanda mwoyo wake unobvumirana uye misodzi inouya kumeso ake.

Diary yeRudo Rwekupedzisira

Ndima dzaVeronica Tushnova anobaya mwoyo inopindura mumoyo wevaverengi vose, vachiyeuka nguva dzake dzinofadza uye nguva dzinorwadza, iye "blizzard", achifunga kusakanganiswa kwekufamba kwenguva uye naively achitenda mukufara kwake.

Uye iwe uchauya apo kwasviba,
Apo blizzard ichirova girazi ...
Iwe uchayeuka rini nguva yakareba yapfuura
Hatina kushamwaridzana!

Mitsara iyi, yakadzidzwa uye yakanyorwa zvakare nevadzidzi vazhinji, yakaburitsa Vera Mikhailovna mukurumbira, inzwi rehuroyi rakagadzika kure, simba uye chivimbo. Nokuzara kwakakwana kwemunyori anonyanya kuratidza runyarudzo rwakazarurwa mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake: aya aiva mabhuku eVeronika Tushnova "Chipiri Breath", "Memory of the Heart" uye "Mazana Maawa Okufara" -dhidhi ye rudo rwake rwekupedzisira rwakanyorwa nerunyararo munguva yehosha yakaipa.

Mumabasa aya anotsanangurwa zvakajeka ndiwo mufaro nekusuwa, tariro uye kurasikirwa, ikozvino uye remangwana. Mavari, Veronika Tushnova, ane nhoroondo yezuva ranhasi inofarira chaizvo chikamu chechizvarwa chiduku, inoratidza hukama hwakadzika hwevanhu uye rudo rukuru.

Mutambo wemwoyo weVera Tushnova

Mufananidzo weVeronica Tushnova unonyatsoratidza mutsa usina kunaka wemukadzi uyu ane bvudzi dema ane mavara akasuruvara, ayo ose anonzi "oriental beauty"; Munyori wenhetembo akataura nenzwi guru rorudo rwake uye akakurudzira hukama hwechokwadi hwevanhu. Pamarondedzero ake akakurira chizvarwa chakazara chevasikana, avo vaida Rudo; Munyori wenheyo pachake akave nemufananidzo unobva pamwoyo. Rudo Veronica Tushnova akajeka, akachena, akaparadzaniswa, akanga asingakwanisi kusvika, nokuti mwoyo weaidiwa waiva weumwe mukadzi.

Alexander Yashin naVerkaka Tushnova

Upenyu hwehupenyu hweVeronika Tushnova - mufaro wake nenhamo yake. Ndiine mudetembi Alexander Yashin - murume ane chimiro chakajeka cheRussia, mwoyo wakafara, achiedza kuva nemarwadzo uye matambudziko evanhu mumwechete uye maMelandland zvachose, - mugumo wake wakaderedzwa mushure mokunge (kana panguva?) Mhuri yechipiri isina kubudirira nefizianist Yuri Timofeev. Biography yeVeronica Tushnova haana kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvemhuri mbiri dzakabudirira; Mukuroorana nemurume wake wechipiri, akagara kwemakore gumi, asi hapana mumwe wevarume vake haana kupa mitsara yakadai saYashina - murume chete waaida chaizvo.

Uye akanga akaroora, akwerera vana vanomwe uye haana kukwanisa kusiya mhuri yake. Zvichida, Vera angadai asina kukwanisa kusarudza kuwirirana pamwe naye, nokuti chisarudzo ichi chingave chakasuruvara kupfuura kufara. Nokudaro, akatambura, aida zvinyengeri uye zvakasimba, kuvimba nemanzwiro ake nemitauro yeetradic yakagadzirwa mukutambudzika kukuru uye kusingagumi kufadza.

Chimwe chiitiko chezviviri

Alexander - murume akanaka uye anofadza, zvakanga zvakaoma kusazviona: kuzvikudza kwakadyara mhino huru, miromo ine tsvina yakaipisisa iri pasi yakagadzirirwa masharuvu matsvuku uye kuboora kutarisa kwakasimba neine kusuruvara kuneta. Chivimbo chake maari uye chishamiso chakashata chakakunda Veronica. Vamwe vaverengi vemarondedzwa ake vaiva nekunzwa kuti vainge vaine mwoyo weropa, unopisa, vachiedza kushambidza zvanza zvavo nemashuwo avo.

Veronica naAlexander vakaberekwa musi iwoyo. Maererano nezvitendero, upenyu hwevanhu vakadaro hwakafanana. Zvichida zvezviviri zvaive imwe nguva? "Nei pasina mamiriyoni zvichibvira?" Sei usina imwe? "- Mashoko aVeronica kubva mubhuku rokupedzisira paYashin.

Vadikanwi vaiswededzana kune mumwe nemumwe, vakasangana pachivande, kune dzimwe hotera, mumaguta akasiyana-siyana, vakadzungaira mumigwagwa isingazivikanwi, vakaenda kudondo, vakarara muimba dzekuvhima. Paakadzokera kuguta guru nechitima, pakukumbira kwomunhu waidiwa, Veronica nguva dzose akasiya zvimwe zvishoma zvishoma, kuitira kuti arege kubatwa mumaziso evamwe shamwari. Pasinei nekuedza kose, zvakanga zvisingakwanisi kuchengetedza hukama hwekuvigwa. Kuve mhuri yeYashin, rudo rwake rwakanga rwuri dambudziko rose, izvo shamwari dzetetembi dzakaramba zvakare. Iyi inoveli yakanga isati yafanirwa kuguma nomufaro: gwa rakagadzirirwa uye risingaitiki.

Ndirangarirei

Muchirimo cha1955, mudetembi akarwara zvikuru uye akapinda muchipatara. Mumazuva ekupedzisira vasati vabva kwake akadzivisa Yashin kuti apinde mukamuri rake: aida kumurangarira achifara, akanaka uye ari mupenyu. Tushnova Veronika Mihailovna akafa musi waJuly 7, 1965, kubva mukenza uye kubva mumoyo misingatauriki melancholy nekuda kwoupenyu hwake - kune murume uyo, zvinorwadza kushevedzera, zvisinei akasarudza kusunungura mufaro pamaoko ake. Akavigwa nevabereki vake pamakuva eVagankovskoye.

Kurasikirwa nemunhu waidiwa kwakashandura Alexander, akaita sokuti akasunungurwa, akarega kuvanza manzwiro ake uye aitya kwavari, akatanga kunyora zvinyorwa pachena kuna Veronica, asingazivi kuti iye pachake akanga asingadi kurarama. Alexander Yashin akafa makore matatu gare gare, uyewo kubva kune kenza. Biography yeVeronica Tushnova inoratidzirwa zvachose munhetembo yake, iyo yakava mumimhanzi yakakurumbira uye inonakidzwa nziyo.