Etching kuti aruminiyamu mumba

aruminiyamu etching (zvibereko simbi iyi) rinoitwa kuti kuchenesa kubva yokumusoro pamusoro, kana kuti zvisingakoshi paiva ngura. Uyewo vachiri pane ayo siyana - uri pickling kana zvakakodzera kuti ugonyora muenzaniso pamusoro pemvura zvikamu zvesimbi.

mhando etching

Etching chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi zvavo, uye aruminiyamu zvikurukuru, vanogona kuva mhando huru mbiri: makemikari electroplating. Zvapedzisira nzira rinoitwa chete iwe.

In kwemakemikari: chigadzirwa anoiswa ari mudziyo iyo kare wakadururwa kuva mhinduro ine hydrochloric kana sulfuric acid. Saizvozvo rinoitirwa etching aruminiyamu billet alkali, semuenzaniso yavaibvisa hydroxide.

A galvanic (zvimwe - electrolytic kana electrochemical) kunoitika nokuda wemagetsi bhatiri. Masero pacharo riri kuitwa chaiyo kugeza, apo pane imwe anode uye cathode.

Next kuonekwa nechimwe aruminiyamu etch nzira zvizere. Uyewo, tsvaka izvo nzira ndiyo yakachengeteka kumba.

Acid etching kuti aruminiyamu

Nokuti mune izvi zviri kushandiswa simba chaizvo acid, zviri kutanga zvakakodzera zvinoenderana wakawedzera njodzi patinoungana kushanda navo. Mutekenyi anofanira kupfeka magiravhusi, chifukidzo, epuroni. Zvakakosha kuti kamuri apo muitiro pacharo vari zvakanaka ventilated. Vasina zvimwe unyanzvi uye pasina vamwe mishonga kushanda acids haina inokurudzirwa.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chigadzirwa anoiswa mumamiriro aruminiyamu mugaba ane acid. Kakawanda aruminiyamu pamwe kwemakemikari iine acid etching vakashandisa zvinotevera reagents: hydrochloric kana sulfuric acid. By zvokuverengera navo rehydrogen asunungurwa simbi. Nechokunze, rinotsvaka sezvinotevera: Product pamusoro wakafukidzwa matema diki. Asi, pfungwa, ichi inogona kudziviswa nokuwedzera pachine inogona rinokosha chirungiso. Nokudaro, simbi runochengetedzwa nhete firimu sefuro.

A inokosha zvikuru vose akavhiyiwa iine acid pickling zvigadzirwa akagadzirwa aruminiyamu anofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza kuti simbi pamusoro pachayo akaramba kupindirana.

The zvinorondedzerwa Nzira inokurudzirwa mumidziyo zvakaitwa namatanda kana kongiri. Muchiitiko ichi pamusoro wayo yemukati inofanira mudungwe pamwe asidhi nemishonga usina kukonekita kuitira kukanganisa ngarava rusvingo.

Nzira iyi kushandiswa tsika hakusi zvakajairika chaizvo.

Etching kuti aruminiyamu alkali

Kazhinji, kana nzira iri akashandisa aqueous mhinduro kuti yavaibvisa hydroxide (optionally chete kana pasina yokuvirisa).

Uye rinoshandiswa kuchenesa pemvura aruminiyamu chigadzirwa kana zvisingakoshi oxide mafuta uye kuwana unotedza (vaima kana matte) pemvura.

Ko sei uchifanira kudaro vakachenesa kwazvo? Kuna rapera chigadzirwa (semuenzaniso, decoration mapurani okunze, plaques) aiva pemvura yakakwana. Uyewo, nzira iri kushandiswa kuti gravure achiita zvokutemera.

Nzira alkali etching aruminiyamu rumwe rutivi, ndizvo zvakakwana pasi, asi inguva chaizvo unoparadza.

Zvinoumba nzira iyi

Zvinoshanda mhinduro dzine kubva mana kusvika gumi muzana hydroxide. The tembiricha iri etching imwe alkali iri madhigirii anenge 40-90 Celsius.

Kana zvakakodzera, kuti chiedza furo unhani pamusoro workpiece, ndikarangarira moisturizer kana rinokosha chinamatidzwa.

Paavhareji tembiricha pakati kwacho - matanhatu madhigirii. Yakanga pasi waivako chafariz yakadaro Qualitative pamusoro rokutsvaira.

Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri metrics aluminum kuchena - 99,5%, uye wevasungwa kuti yavaibvisa hydroxide mhinduro - 10, 15, kana 20%.

Saka, panguva zvakaitwa aruminiyamu ichiputswa ari yavaibvisa hydroxide, hydrogen asunungurwa. Zvinoguma chine aluminate, uye ariko chete ari alkali zvichachipedza.

Dzimwe pezvakaitwa kuitika etching imwe alkali

Panguva iyi, uwandu yavaibvisa hydroxide zvishoma nezvishoma kunova duku. Uye saka zvinoderedza uye kuerera kumhanya acho, asi anowedzera viscosity.

Kunopiwa kuti tangi asingadi kuwedzera yavaibvisa hydroxide, maitiro vangasanyatsonzwisisa chaizvo. Asi pakupedzisira, kana brownish hwakajeka mhinduro kuti etching aruminiyamu jena.

Uye kubva iyoyo urongwa nokukurumidza inowedzerwa.

The kuita iri kunokurumidziswa alumina hydrate, rinotarira akafanana slurry. Uyewo dzinounzwa yavaibvisa hydroxide, riri zvakakodzerawo etch urongwa mberi.

Results panguva vaiona nzira

Experimentally rakanyorwawo kuti yavaibvisa hydroxide mhinduro pasi simba chikumbiro yaro etching kwacho anotanga "kupinza" aruminiyamu. Zvoitika sokuvapo uwandu caustic pasoda ipfupi mumwe muzvina vhoriyamu yepakutanga. Uye pashure paizvozvo muitiro icharamba akasununguka caustic pasoda, achizengurira pauwandu hwavo. Izviwo, kunoenderana tembiricha, zvikuru uye kakawanda kushandisa kwamira (anombomira).

Muchiitiko chino, hydrate Falls zvishoma nezvishoma precipitate kana nezvimiro crystals pasi uye / kana mativi mugaba. Pamusana hydrate iri zvakakwana gobvu uye zvichava nyore kubvisa. Dzimwe nguva uye vanoedza kugadzirisa zvakananga pamusoro pechiso kudziyisa Coils.

Pane imwe pfungwa inokosha, iyo inesungano zviri aruminiyamu. Panguva etching uyu simbi zvinogadzirwa yavaibvisa hydroxide inofanira kutevedzerwa uye nhamba aruminiyamu hydroxide. Nokuti zvakawanda aruminiyamu, saka muitiro achava nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva. Zvinobatsira zviri pachena kuti zvinokosha kuti nguva kuwedzera uwandu yavaibvisa hydroxide sezvo huwandu aruminiyamu ari mudziyo.

Saka, aruminiyamu alkali etching muitiro inogona mberi zvachose. A kurasikirwa caustic pasoda kuchaitika chete nokuda padurunhuru pamwe chiutsi.

Nzira iyi chaizvoizvo kushandiswa zvinobatsira. Asi pane dzimwe nuances, yaunofanira kukanganwa kuti nguva nenguva kubvisa akaomesa emadhaka hydrate; kuchenesa firita; yeuka kuti mugaba mutoo panguva dzose kurishandisa anogona kushumira hapana anopfuura makore maviri.

Nokuti vamwe, chero zvakaoma kunzwisisa pamusoro pokushandisa nzira iyi haina kuratidzwa.

Total pashure kwemakemikari etching pamusoro aruminiyamu workpiece pamusoro zvinokosha kwazvo sukurudza uye neutralize kurerutsa kushandisa 15-20% simba nitric asidhi mhinduro. Izvi zvinonzi pickling.

The electroplating nzira

nzira The chechipiri etching - galvanic. Inonyanya nyore uye nguva yava nokukurumidza zvikuru. Uye mugumisiro uri mukuru chaizvo unhu pemvura chigadzirwa, pepa rehurukuro zvakajeka mufananidzo (panguva Art nzira sezvo ra zvipenyu).

The Zvinoitwa Nzira ichi ndechokuti anoshandisa kunobva zvemagetsi simba (4-5 B).

Unofanira nemvura kukura ichi, saka kuti kwezvatiri kungoerekana aruminiyamu. Mashoko ose pakuvaka tabhu, kuva insulator. Zvinoumba kugeza etching kuti aruminiyamu - mhinduro hwemhangura sulphate uye yavaibvisa chloride.

Asati atanga muitiro wacho preform inofanira kucheneswa uye degreased. Next, solder gaba mhangura waya kuti chigadzirwa uye tikarega payo yavaibvisa hydroxide mhinduro, uye ipapo - in sulfuric asidhi mhinduro. Mushure 2 maminitsi ndikageza kudzora inopisa mvura. It wairambidza panguva ino kuti kubata chigadzirwa.

Kana zvimwe zvikamu workpiece uswa hakusi zvakakodzera kuti kushandisa mastic. Zvadaro unogona kutanga muitiro.

Nzira iyi zvinoshandawo maviri anonzi zvitsigiso, izvo zvinofanira vasiyana anode (zvakanaka mutariri) uye cathode (kunaka) simba kunobva. Zvakakosha kuti zvitsigiso izvi zvaiiswa mhiri nokushambidza. On rutsigiro iri makamuisa kuti anode ari preform kubva aruminiyamu, uye wechipiri - billet imwe yakasiyana simbi.

Zvose izvi muwisira kugeza uye vakaramba imwe nguva. Zvadaro kusukwa turpentine uye doobrabatyvaetsya nokugeda uye pakuonekwa.

uri etching

Izvi mhando yakanamirwa pamifananidzo nzira yakakurumbira zvikuru mazuva ano. With izvozvo, unogona kuita Copyright vanodhirowa, zvinyorwa, unyanzvi rinodhindira, zvishongo zvose workpiece nesimbi.

Uye mugumisiro yakajeka zvikuru, mufananidzo wakanaka. Ndiko kuti, munyori wacho basa, izvo zvinogona kusiya pachako kana kupa.

mufananidzo yepakutanga pacharo, unogona kuswedera yako kana anodhinda (uchishandisa Laser aidhinda) papepa. Next, pamusoro pemvura ane namira tepi sticked nepepa sukurudza nemvura inopisa. Zvichitevera migumisiro mufananidzo vanofanira kuramba uri namira tepi. Siya kuti dziome. Zvichakadai, kukosha kugadzirira simbi pemvura kuti muenzaniso rinoshandisirwa - degrease ayo doro.

Zvadaro micheto yekapepa katsva aka namatirai firimu hwakarongwa pamusoro pemvura workpiece, nokudaro ichibudisa kubva mhepo matema. Akachenurwa inopisa mutsunda zvakawandisa guruu uye zvose basa, kunze mufananidzo pacharo.

Etching rinoitwa nenzira iyo kare rinorondedzerwa kumusoro - kuifukidza.

Cherechedza: kana izvi anogona kusunungura magasi zvinokuvadza, saka vanhu nani kubuda mumba.

Saka aruminiyamu etch kumba noitika. Just kuva nechokwadi unofanira kuita zvose zvinokosha matanho okuzvidzivirira!