Frame imba nemaoko ake: danho nedanho mirayiridzo. kuvaka michina

Dzimba nyika yedu rakagara richidudzirwa ndokumisa danda kabhini kana dzimba ibwe. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nzira kuti yakaderera-simuka kuvaka, izvo zvinogona dika. Somuenzaniso, nenzira kuvaka furemu imba nemaoko ake pachake. Danho nedanho mirairo kunosanganisira 4 nzendo huru:

• kudurura nheyo;
• kugadzwa furemu;
• walling uye kuputira;
• kuvakwa padenga.

Zvivako izvi dzinovakwa nokukurumidza uye pasina kushandisa michina chaiyo kusimuka. Timber furemu imba chipa mari uye vakaungana panzvimbo chete mwaka, uye vari vakawana haidereri pane noushamwari uye vakasununguka kupfuura guta guru danda kana ibwe.

The kusarudza nzvimbo imba

Kushandiswa huni zvinoreva kuti pasi pasi imba haangavi ane hunyoro zvikuru. A nzvimbo anofanira kunge yakaoma chaizvo akanatsa zvakanaka nyorova haana kwakaguma kufambira kuora.

Vanodhirowa furemu dzimba rinofanira kubva inofungidzirwa uye akasungirirwa kuvakwa. Rondedzero kubva Indaneti zvinonzwisisika chete nenyanzvi, rine imwe yokungotaura ruzivo uye unyanzvi hunobatsira. The hwaro inofanira chakavakwa zvinoenderana hunhu ivhu, uye neimba - pahwaro uchishandisa mitoro.

Kudiwa musha chirongwa

The yokuvaka inofanira kuva chirongwa pamba, akasikwa nenyanzvi. Uyezve, akabvuma vazhinji yemabasa kuti anogona kuita kuti vachinje zvavo uye kuwedzererwa.

In padariro zvokutanga gadzira kunogona kuitwa pamusha woga, asi pane zvinotevera zvichataurirana kuwana akakodzera basa. Nokuti kuvakwa vanodhirowa nguva dzose vachida pepuranga dzimba, inobva zvakakodzera Masvomhu. Nokuti chirongwa achafanira kubhadhara. Isingadhuri kune mwero, asi iwe unogona kurayira yako, iyo ichange kufungawo zvinodiwa yokuvaka. It vakaisa kuvaka michina, izvo zvinofanira zvakasimba vakanamatira. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvakasikwa engineering enyika.

Engineering maitiro pamba

The purojekiti anofanira dzakanyorwa network zvose, kana shongwe pepuranga imba nemaoko ake pachake. Danho nedanho mirairo kunosanganisira nokuiswa kukurukurirana pane zvimwe zvokukura kuvakwa, kutanga hwaro. Kana akadurura pakarepo akaita kwesayenzi maburi. Boora navo paya muna kongiri achava rakaoma zvikuru.

Magetsi acho zvinosanganisira pamuchina wokugamuchira wiring, nezvigadziko uye grounding. Nezvigadziko dziri kure mukati 4 M nepedyo. Ivo ane unodzivirira butiro, kana pane matsime emvura.

Kururama nedzokuisa mvura uye tsvina enyika kunoenderana nyore kushandisa doro uye mvura inopisa, uyewo goho uye kubudiswa tsvina.

The kufefetedza Hurongwa unotora munhu mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka chete mawindo.

Kuvakwa nheyo

Fundam yasarudzwa columnar, melkozaglublenny bhandi kana nekongiri zvinogumbura. Kuwedzera simba chisimbiso uye vakashandisa monolithic Tubing. emapuranga dzimba Prefab Makavakwa aine hwaro duku, rakagadzirirwa yakaderera zvinorema. Zvinotora zvishoma zvinhu. Nokuda mari inoshandiswa furemu imba yavo yava yakaderera. Nokuti iye, anochera mumugero kana akachera gomba uye akabva aita piro jecha. Asati concreting yakatarwa rebar uye formwork. Zadza wonamatidza nheyo Zvakakunakirai kuti anonyatsotsvaka rammer. Nokuti vanomhanyisa pamatanda dzimba mvura kongiri vari panzvimbo increments anenge 2 mamita kutwasuka panhengo 500 mm refu. Ndege grillage munoenzanisa dhaka.

Kugadzwa sill kumba

Papera vhiki, pashure kudira chesamende hwaro inochengeterwa pamusoro yose pasi mundiro - misa yemapuranga Chikamu zvinenge 150x150 mm. Ake pre-akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, uye nechepasi akaita mbiri akaturikidzana kuti mvura kuti denga remba. Beam akatasva nheyo chikepe nekiyi kana nembambo, naro makomba vari akachera zvakadzika kupfuura 100 mm. Pakureba uye makona mukomboni iri nehafu-muti uye krepjat nezvipikiri.

Mapuranga anofanira zvakazara zvinobva zvarongwa uye kwakabatana pamwechete nechigadziko. Pashure paizvozvo, ivo akatema grooves uye akaisa dzepabonde matanda weboard 50h150 mm. Dzavo yokumusoro mugove anofanira kuisa mukati chinjikira mundege, uye pasi mizariro vari akarovererwa kupinda anofambirana subfloor. To zviri makamuisa pedyo stapler, hwemvura, uye ipapo yazara ari nzvimbo pakati joists hita (chicherwa shinda kana furo). Top paburiro chakagadzirwa unocheka pepuranga 40h150 mm.

furemu gungano

The furemu ndiyo hwaro wakabata yose nemamiriro imba. Zviri kutwasuka dzaro chokuita ne chinjikira strapping uye kukurova. Kana shongwe furemu imba nemaoko ake pachake, danho nedanho gwaro rinopa muchinyatsongwarira kutevedzana kwezviitiko hwakawanda. The zvinhu zvingava simbi kana matanda profile. Kushandiswa simbi zvinoda nomoto michina uye unyanzvi kuti vashande naye. Huni furemu huni zvikukutu rinoshandiswa Somuenzaniso, pomuouki kana larch. Racks kuti kukura kureba mukamuri. Vari chokuita nechepasi ndiro nzira "rurimi uye paburi". Kugera zvinoitwa nemazvo, pasina maburi.

Sarudzai kukura uye daro pakati nembiru inofanira kutanga zvose, zvichienderana mutoro chinopfuudzwa kubva pamusoro. Kwavari, osimudza kukura zvinhu, iro rinoshandiswa nokuda cladding. Racks vane pasi ndiro vari zvakabatana pfupi kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo, izvo zvinopa imwe Rigidity kuvakwa.

Mushure mira bhaa kuchafumurwa, kwezvatiri yokumusoro njanji. musimboti Its nezvezvakanga ndiyo chete - tichibatsirwa cheap car insurance akafanana kunzvimbo dzakaderera danda. Kugadzirira pamusoro peimwe neimwe pani ndiko zvipikiri maviri, recessed ne masendimita dzinenge 10. The furemu pakupedzisira akasimbisa kugara Mowing uye kwenguva demountable.

Construction uye rusvingo kuputira

Kunze imba clapboard, clapboard vakatsigira, psevdobrusom. Warming zvibereko polystyrene furo, purasitiki furo, chicherwa shinda uye nezvimwe zvinhu. Vanotora kupisa-kudzivirirwa ehupfumi tsika zvokuvakisa. Nezvenyaya iyi, muviri dzimba chipa mutengo. Kugara gore rose kuputira ukobvu zvinofanira zvinenge 5 cm. Izvi zvinhu zadza rose nzvimbo pakati joists, kuti pakanga pasina voids. Kurambidza kuputira misha yokugadziridza chaiwo fasteners.

Kana tichivaka imba puranga, zvakakodzera kudzivirira emapuranga hurongwa pamigumisiro unyoro. Pamusoro hita akatasva rack mvura firimu ipapo stuffed lathing kuti slats nokuda kufefetedza pasi rwokunze ganda.

Masvingo imwe furemu imba mukati sheathed gypsum fibrous mahwendefa kana OSB.

kuisa siringi

Ceiling hunogara pamusoro pasirin'i matanda, akatasva bhaa pamusoro strapping, sezvamakaropafadzwa grooves dzinobviswa kwavari. Fastening inogona kuitwa pachishandiswa simbi mumabhuraketi. Marongerwo kuita kare pasi. Matanda vari akaiswa munzvimbo cheap car insurance uye yakasimbiswa kuti Trim nezvipikiri. In nzvimbo mukati partitions iiswe muchibatisisa anotsigira mbariro. Vanewo chokuita vanhuwo nemutsara kumusoro uye pasi ndiro. Dzaro nzvimbo akaroverera sirin'i ukomba grooved mapuranga.

The chikwata siringi kuputira

Pamusoro pasirin'i Panel nepuranga mhute chipingamupinyi zvinhu. Ake mamiriro ane bindepinde pamusoro danda uye chigaro zvinodyiwa kana rinoparadza. Kuti ave mhute chipingamupinyi polymer membranes kana chinokosha firimu.

Chomumba pamwe joists zvakasimba zvakakodzera kuputira: chicherwa kana negirazi, rakawedzerwa ivhu, furo. It rinogumisa pamusoro chisimbiso firimu uye blanketed mhiri danda nhoo rakagadzirwa nemapuranga. Kana kure pakati vanopfuura 500 mm ukapisa murwi perpendicular kune joists, uye zvino pasi.

Opening nokuti suo pamusoro 2nd pauriri kunoitwa tapping ari crosspieces maviri pakati matanda.

erection kuti denga

Denga ane zvokutora uremu saka rinofanira kuvimba pamadziro eimba, iyo kare yapera, asi handina decoration painoperera,. Kana kuvaka imba puranga (kana zvimwe), nokuti pakuburitsa padenga zvinokosha kuziva yakatenuka, nhamba skates, denga remba, kukura, nhamba nenamo trusses.

Denga anotarira rakanaka, kana ine kunzwisisa chimiro. Asi anowedzera kunzwisisa mukugadzira uye mari pamatanda imba. Rakajairika mukoko denga, iro yakakodzera atiki uye atiki. The Magadzirirwo nyore uye rine bhiza rimwe chete. Kushaya pamipata (concave makona) Zvinobatsira, sezvo nzvimbo idzi ndidzo kupfuura pangozi uye zvakaoma kugadzira.

Roof nenamo chinofanira kusarudzwa pamusoro 28º, kutama chando naye. Kana kuti 50º, vachava yekudyidzana yepamusoro mhepo mitoro. The optimum kukura pamateru anonzi 35-45º mukuru mukuona design: kana denga iri raiiswa, asi kunyanya Spicy. Vazhinji puranga yemapuranga nedzimba attics anoteererwa, zvichibvumira kuti uwane mhenyu nzvimbo. Zvivanakire, pane vanofanira kuvaka duku rusvingo kukwirira 1.1-1.6 m. Zvadaro, chepasi nzvimbo zvinogona kurongwa pamibhedha kana makabhati.

House furemu ine dudzi chinhu lightweight uye rakasimba kuvakwa, izvo zvakakodzera kuvaka kuumba yakanaka ezvinhu ane risingamboshandisi zvekushandisa nenguva uye mari.

Muchinjikwa-Chikamu trusses vakasarudzwa yakavakirwa kuputira marairirwo therebetween, pakukora chiri yemanyorero 100-150 mm. Nokuti hedging kutora puranga kukura 150h50 mm. Its kureba 6 m. Two ezvipikiri mapuranga kunzvenga pamusoro ruoko rumwe muchimiro tsamba L. Zvadaro, vari vakasimudza padenga uye aida angled anosarudzwa inobva danda cantrail. Panguva overhangs vanofanira kukoshesa wall chinhambwe 30-55 cm. Pashure mapuranga chokuita bhaudhi uye vawane nzwisa pamatanda edenga. Munzvimbo yokutsigira zvakaitwa V-mutsipa chete muzvitatu kumusoro. Michina Construction kunosanganisira kushandisa pepuranga dzimba sezvo mauerlat pamusoro pamatanda Tubing. Modeled pamusoro edenga dzinoitwa pamusoro yose denga kufamba pakati pavo iri 70-80 cm.

Rigel haasi kuvatumwa pasi wokutanga. regai muriise kukwirira, saka kubatana haangavi nesimba zvakakwana. Danda riri muhomba kwakabatana munguva nehafu-rutsoka. Chokutanga, hazvina kuiswa pediments, uye ipapo ruoko mabote pakati pavo uye akaisa vamwe vavo.

lathing mhando kunobva mhando denga remba. Zvinonzi thinned kana hwakasimba. Nokuti chero mhando denga batten wanamatira munzvimbo yacho muhomba danda pasina Clearance.

nemakadhibhokisi

Yakakunakira mashoko nemakadhibhokisi puranga imba iri shingles. Hazvina chiedza, aichinja-chinja, nyore kuisa uye yakachipa. Payakaipira zvinosanganisira flammability nokutsanya wasvava.

Metal decking uye tiri kuita zvinhu zvizhinji zvokuvakisa uye batanidza padenga zvikuru maonero. Ndivo nyore kuisa, kuva pasi uremu uye vakaderera mutengo. By nezvayakaipira zvinosanganisira ruzha panguva mvura nechimvuramabwe.

Kana denga wagadzirwa, vakatasva munoyerera uye abudise gadziriro mafambire kunayisa pamusha.

mhedziso

Nokuti munhu zvakakomba kufunga yakachengeteka uye hwomutambarakede pekugara, zvino harisi dambudziko kuvaka furemu imba nemaoko ake pachake. Danho nedanho mirayiridzo zvinoita kuti basa rinoitwa nokukurumidza, zvakanyanya, cheaply uye pasina zvikanganiso.