Hazelnut "Trebizond": rondedzero siyana, kunyanya kurima, goho

No vanofanira kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro nzungu uye tsanangura kuti nei hazelnuts saka kubatsira vanhu. Most pachavo kuzviziva. Positive unhu hazelnuts vave kuzivikanwa vagere panyika iri mazana emakore mashoma apfuura. Vanhu aunganidzwa, kupatsanurwa akadya uswa, michero, midzi, nzungu, achivaita nesimba kupfuura muviri, uye zvirwere yakatsiga zvikuru.

Nhasi tsika iyi vachishingaira kukudziridzwa kwedu munharaunda. Hazelnut "Trebizond" inogona kutengwa chero kuchitoro, kunyange unhu nzungu unodhura.

How kukura uye nokutarisira miti rinoitwa uye kana uchigona kuwana unhu chirimwa pamusoro mugwenzi musha, edza kunzwisisa pamwe chete.

Kukudziridza hazelnuts sechinhu chinokosha maindasitiri basa

Munyika dzokuEurope mabikirwo kurimwa hazelnuts stam (danda) rakabva America. Nzira iyi kunyanya kurimwa, nekuti rimwe-korona vanoratidza kanoverengeka yakakwirira kubva muzana goho kupfuura rakapetana. Izvi imhaka akurumidze kuwedzera goho prices. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti miti-gore 5-6-kare kupa yakakwirira nemarara zvakakwana ane chinjikira korona fungidziro chikwata.

At shtambovyh nati zvirimwa indekisi ukoshi nyika chikamu zvishoma chirimwa kukura, izvo zvinoita kuti Mechanisation huru chikamu basa, chakaitika mukuru kunzwisisa, - nzungu kuchenesa, izvo chinoita kuti vanenge 47% of mari chokuita yezvokutengeserana kurimwa nzungu.

Hazelnut munyika

The pfuma iri zvakakwana unoenderana chero rwevhu zvinoita Hazelnut "Trebizond" yakanakira kurimwa, kwete kutengeswa chete, asiwo dacha ake. Unogona kushandisa kubatsira rukangarahwe, apo haisi kukura muriwo (wemagaka nemadomasi) nekuda kurima walnuts. Hazelnut anogona kukura apo zvakaoma kurima nyika uye kuti tiite ichidiridza mibhedha. Izvi nokuda peculiarities zvinomera uye botanical maitiro. Pasinei zvinomera panyika shomanana ivhu, muti achiri rinoratidza refu azvipire yauinayo.

Mabikirwo kurimwa hazelnuts

Current ezvinhu management zvoupfumi vanobatsira kuti vezvokutengeserana kurimwa hazelnuts. Naizvozvo, kuvandudza kugadzirwa kunyatsoshanda kuti nzungu tinofanira kushanda vonyanya avo matambudziko ane mhinduro kwaizochinja inosimbiswa stably yakakwirira goho uye chigadzirwa unhu.

Pakati zvinokosheswa nzungu Hazelnut kurimwa michina "Trebizond" kugadzira inoratidza zvirimwa.

Zviratidzi dzakadai upamhi uye kukwirira korona, ona inzwi rayo. In kuitisa kutsvakurudza kuti 24 mwedzi kuchinja kwakadaro kuitika: bhuku formirovke raipfuta mhando Hazelnut korona inonzi "Trebizond" iri yakawedzera 1.35 mamita ^3, paumbwe muti - 3.22 mamita ^3.

Representatives shtambovoy formirovki "Muti" anoratidza yekudyidzana yepamusoro Zvakawanikwa korona, iyo inosimbisa mukuru processability ane tsika zvichienzaniswa nokudzora mharidzo.

Kurimwa vaiona mhando Hazelnut gwenzi muchimiro yakasiyana kuwedzera maduku nokuda hanya uye kudzikira provetrivaemosti korona gwenzi. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti vari mumakwenzi zhinji nokuumbwa hunde dzacho, ovary makariita basa, nhamba muchero maturo pamusoro, uye inotungamirwa avo vakacherekedza chete rokunze chikamu korona yacho Hazelnut raipfuta.

Kubva musi uyu zvikuru, kuti zviratidzo kukura uye zvibereko walnuts kunoenderana zvinhu zviri paumbwe korona chirimwa chacho zera. Changes shtambovyh formirovok chirimwa mamiriro Hazelnut "Muti" vanoratidza tichitarisa biometric parameters dzakadaro:

• kukura kureba;
• inotungamirwa uye kuchinja korona;
• kuwedzera dhayamita of hunde;
• kuwedzera zvepanyama vachikwanisa hwomuti.

Economic ukoshi Hazelnut yakatarwa maererano zvokuimba pachisara anosanganisira:

• kuti chikamu makirisito uremu kuti uremu ose Hazelnut walnuts;
• Kuuraya moyo;
• shrinkage (chikamu muzana).

Nokuti zvikuru touted michero zvinosanganisira nzungu mutete-shelled, hombe kukura, chakanaka kunaka uye yunifomu ruvara.

Plant kumhara nzira

Asati kuchera gomba, vachigadzira inozoshandisirwa kumhara nzvimbo Hazelnut "Trapezund". Reviews Chikwata zvinoratidza kuti kana chirimwa kupa zvakanaka kuchengetwa uye akanaka ezvinhu, zvibereko riri yakawedzera kakawanda, kunyange pasina wakaisvonaka walnuts zvibereko. Earth kurima kana kuchera kuti kudzika 40 masendimita. Zvakakodzera kuti kudzamisa pamusoro kunonyanyisa wevasungwa ivhu mwando, okisijeni, vatsigiri Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri placement pamudzi hurongwa. Patsime chakasimwa kugadzirira kuwira ndiEzekieri. Autumn chakasimwa anonzi hunobudirira, nekuti muzhizha muvhu zvitoro zvakawanda zvakakwana chitsama mwando inosimudzira overwintering munyoro kwesha.

Kunokosha! Rangarirai nevhu varombo manyowa, zvakakodzera kurima zvakaturikidzaniswa yose udzamu, achiwedzera 10 masendimita ivhu kusunungura.

Most zvinobetsera yokudyara Zvirongwa: 4x5 / 4x6 / 5x6 / 6x6. kumhara chidobi kunobva muvhu mhando, nokuti ivhu rakaorera, chikuru vhoriyamu mugwenzi uye nzvimbo kwayo anopindura. Classical aone zvakakodzera panosangana: 5-7 pamakwenzi akaronga mudenderedzwa, mumwe dhayamita pamusoro 1.5 M uye 6x6 muenzaniso. Pamberi rusesi pamudzi ezvinhu mizambiringa yakabva kumwe ezasi mugove Upfu mugomba, zvose mudzi asiri pakati pezvakaitwa yabviswa kupa pegwenzi kukura mune rimwe dhiramu uye nyanyisa rusesi midzi muvhu.

Features Hazelnut kudyara

The optimum nguva kumhara - autumn. Muna November, kana pasi zvakakwana kuti kudya zvicherwa, zvakanakisisa kudyara mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Izvi zvichaita nechokwadi chokuti chirimwa kunetseka achishivirira chando.

Asati pakudyara, isa fotereza nyika. Musanganiswa yakagadzirirwa kubvira:

• mupfudze - makirogiramu 250;
• phosphorus-potassium fetiraiza - 500 d

Kukura ane pamusoro kupfeka fetiraiza kukarukureta nokuda 1 nyika ruka. Uyezve, vasati yekudyara zvirimwa nerimwe pamatsime uchidururwa pamusoro 5 kg pakati mupfudze.

70x70 kana Makomba vari vakachera pachine mumatsutso chakasimwa: vanenge 6 mavhiki tisati kudyara.

Nani kana muitiro dzinovangira nevanhu vaviri: wokutanga inotaura kunangiswa uye compaction dzenyika iri mugomba, mumwe zvinyoronyoro kurara nayo.

Mushure pakudyara, mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mumwe Hazelnut kupetura, vachisiya masendimita 20 chete kubva pasi revarombo.

Pashure vachidonhedzera miti kutevera zano mamiriro apo zvikure vaduku mizambiringa yakabva kumwe: ivhu anofanira kuva akachena uye isina nemasora, usakanganwa zvakanyatsorongwa kusunungura ivhu kumativi chakasimwa buri kubudikidza 7-9 cm uye Zvinhu Zvisina Basa nenyika dhayamita haafaniri kupfuudza vhoriyamu mugwenzi.

Hazelnut - monoecious chirimwa, nekuti naye isa vaviri mhando vzaimoopylyaemyh pedyo hazelnuts "Trebizond." Mukume akauya mugwaro Cosford nevamwe. Kukohwa haazorambi yakaorera, kana kwete kufunga chinhu chakadaro. Kana zvakanaka kuitwa kumhara nzira muchinjikwa mukume ne 1 hectare kupa 500 makirogiramu kuti nzungu.

Kubatsira chirimwa

Zvazvakanakira shtambovoy tsika kuti Hazelnut "Trabzon", zvinosanganisira:

1. The kunonyanyisa Nhamba vamapoka mizambiringa yakabva kumwe pane imwe mativi mita;
2. High dziine mafuta tigutsikane (2%) uye mapuroteni (2-6% hombe) kupfuura dzekare Zano kurimwa.
3. Achigadzira stam kunoita kuti vawane muchero aine gobvu wakakura 0.50 magiramu, pane ari kudzorwa (gwenzi).
4. Achigadzira stam kunoita kuti vawane muchero vekumuteerera tsanga pa 2.5-10% kupfuura kuti gwenzi.
5. Stam chimiro, mukusiyana kuna mugwenzi rinotanga fruiting nemakore 1-2 adarika.
6. With simba kukura mune ezvinhu rinokosha microclimate miti kuva nemishonga kushushikana.
7. Achienzanisa pamwe mugwenzi chimiro, cherechedza kuti negoho shtambovyh kukura tsika kuti vanenge 80% kupfuura musango rabha.
8. Mukana zvokuimba kukohwa nzungu.
9. Yapfuura ichiibvira: pavhiki kupfuura mugwenzi chimiro.

Kutarisira miti?

Kunakisa kukura chirimwa pakati hazelnuts pakuti vose anozivikanwa zvirwere uye zvipukanana, hapana anogona kuva rwakashata nomugumisiro zvinhu pamusoro chirimwa. Pasinei kurwisa kwakadaro, kutsungirira kuti weathering uye ivhu fastidiousness, kukugamuchira prophylactic kurapwa Somuenzaniso, kuzorwa nati barbel uye kwakaderedza musango korona uye Kubvisa ari mabukira sousingabatsiri. Kwazvo kuzivana mitemo hanya hazelnuts "Trapezund" kurimwa uye amatura maitiro nzungu.

kudiridza Hazelnut

Hazelnut - mwando-rudo tsika. Excellent anonzwa kana kuwedzera rwizi floodplains. Q keteni kungoti kugadziriswa kuchera, kana nzvimbo iri kure mvura mumuviri kana kugadzwa ngoma nemvura kuchadonha kudiridza rabha.

Plants, kukanganisa kuti unyoro uye mvura, muitiro kupa goho varombo. Chete munzvimbo dzinodziya pasi kukurasikirwa anenge 1 M mvura pagore, muti unogona kufadza kubereka pasina kudikanwa hurongwa achidiridzira. Asi mutemo uyu hairevi Hazelnut "North". nati iyi chakatorwa yaikura pachando okunze. Dzimwe nguva, kunyange kana zoning uye mamiriro okunze vanosangana, mwero chaiwo kunayisa - harizivikanwi.

Nekuti nyanzvi dzinokurudzira uye matatu okutanga oupenyu kuita hurongwa mizambiringa yakabva kumwe matsutso kudiridza maruva, muchisunungura vanenge 300 litres mvura nerimwe pamakwenzi ose Hazelnut "Trebizond." Description of chirimwa siyana hanya, kana kutoti, munhu botanical reference, zvichabatsira kuona zvinodiwa uye zvinoitwa kurimwa achidiridzira nut. Kana kukura ezvinhu hazvina zvakanaka, uye ivhu pamberi zvokurima unyanzvi hunoshandiswa zvimwe zvinomera uye asingauyi kugadzirira, odes mavhoriyamu yakawedzera kusvika 1000 litres, uye fruiting nguva - kusvika 1500 litres.

unodiridza nguva: Recommendations

Kudiridza zvazvingava zviri kugadziridzwa zvichienderana uwandu kwemvura, uye hwevhu. Yose zvayo, isolated 5 huru nguva:

1. Chokutanga uye kutanga gumi May rechipiri.
2. Mavhiki maviri June vokutanga zvokudya nemiti kuchipisa yezhizha.
3. The hafu rokutanga July.
4. Rokutanga uye rechipiri gumi August.
5. Mugumo October - pakutanga November kugadzirira chando.

Kudiridza mukutanga chitubu - maturo, sezvo maruva uye kukura nguva, Hazelnut "Trebizond" rinowanika kwokutanga pane dzimwe zvirimwa. Pagungano 4 gore upenyu gwenzi, kudiridza kaviri. Panguva rinoita nembereko rakarumbidza kuti aite kudiridza mu bhuku 1.5 mamita ³ pamusoro mugwenzi hazelnuts.

Kunokosha! Kana akadyara pakati mitsara perennial rekushongedzesa, kudiridza mavhoriyamu mheto mbiri.

kuchekerera miti

Kuchekerera ichaongororwa rimwe kiyi nguva iri kurima kukudziridza hazelnuts, vachibvumira kuti kuchinja kukura, kukura uye fruiting, chirimwa upenyu, misi kupinda fruiting, chirimwa goho, mupengo unhu. Uyewo, uyu muitiro ndiye anokonzera vakadaro vasiri zvechadenga zvinomera, kuwedzera yechando hardiness, kuramba zvimwe zvipukanana uye zvirwere. Kushandisa Chishandiso kurimwa yakadaro, nyanzvi kukwanisa kuswedera kana kunonotsa nguva maruva muchirimo, kudzora nhungirwa kukura nguva.

Muzviitiko zvose, kurima zvirimwa ndiyo ichocho. The kwacho rinoshandurwa rakajeka korona sparse pamwe vaifanira reokisijeni uye chiedza kuti zvinoita kukura uye dzidzo vaduku matavi uye matavi nemichero namabukira, kufukidza dzinokosha skeletal branching.

Mushure uchisiya mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, cheka anoratidza kukura chekutanga, vakazochinja kuumba remangwana shtamb Chikwata.

fotereza

Kudyara zvirimwa, zvichiita chicherwa fetiraiza, zvinosanganisira 150 g superphosphate uye 50 g pamusoro potassium munyu pamwe kuwedzera 5 kg kuti manyowa neimwe mugomba.

Muchirimo, kana michero chichange vakasungira (mu June), zvinomera zviri zvakakodzwa urea wevasungwa kuti 0.5%.

mulching

Tree hunde dzacho mulching rinoitwa pasi negashiro Agronomy, inopa zvirimwa kuchengetedza unyoro uye wakasununguka okisijeni mukana. A musanganiswa pedo-wellbore pasi sawdust, softwood miti hakusi 1: 1 kana kutsiviwa manyowa pasi, tsvina zvakafanana vhoriyamu.

tsika kupararira unyanzvi

Mumwe chaiwo nzira kubereka ichaongororwa pachishandiswa kuchekwa. The kwacho haana kumbosiyana wose kunzwisisa uye ine nzendo dzakawanda:

1. Mapazi inoiswa chinjikira grooves vane zvishoma kudzika uye shoma prishpilivayut. Zviri nani kushandisa matanda yekare, sezvo vakura rinoratidza yakaipisisa kukura zviratidzo uye havaratidzi acclimatized. The nzira iri kuitwa kuwa uye mangwanani chitubu.
2. Grooves vane Hazelnut mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vakadirana manyowa, wakadiridzwa, uye panzvimbo fastening anoita cheka duku kuti zviite kuti kumhanyisa ari kukura itsvo.
3. Misoro chisungo kusvikira pamatanda, uye nzwara panze kukura pfungwa.

Features muunganidzwa nzungu kukohwa

Kumorwa zuva August - mangwanani September, kufunga pamusoro abscission emichero akaoma wrapper. Kuunganidza uye kukohwa yakaoma, nzungu mumabhatiri panzvimbo yakaoma. Kune mitemo uye vanorumbidza sei yokuchengetera hazelnuts "Trebizond." Zvibereko muti anenge 15 makirogiramu.

Pashure kucheka nzungu inochengetwa yakaoma, panzvimbo inotonhorera asi, kuchengeta tembiricha hurumende iri kuwanda 4-13 Celsius kwemwedzi 12; pa 0-3 Celsius - anenge 3-4 makore.