How kuti chesamende njanji munyika nemaoko avo?

In nzvimbo magadzirirwo zvichida kupfuura chadzo uye kusiyirira maatomu akafanana infield muri menzira. Itai kongiri njanji munyika nemaoko avo pachavo ingangodaro, pasina kushandisa rubatsiro yemakambani dzakawanda dzidzira mukurima kwakadaro. Difficulty kuisira achaenderana zvinhu uye maitiro zvakashandiswa, hunhu vakaisa pamakwara, zvechadenga ivhu mamiriro pa nzvimbo. Zvakakodzera nechokwadi kuti kugadzira nzira rinoitwa kwete inoshanda chete, asiwo decoration chinangwa, akapa nharaunda yacho ungwandangwanda hwezvinhu nechitarisiko zvayo chishongo uye aibvumirwa kufamba pasina njodzi kuwa uye vawane akasviba chero ekunze.

Munyaya ino tichakurukura sei kuita chesamende njanji munyika nemaoko avo, avo kugadzira zvokusarudza uye zvaidiwa basa.

Iva chirongwa

Ichi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo pavaipfuura basa, izvo hazvifaniri uchashayikwa. Asati rikaisa chesamende njanji munyika, dzinofanira kunyora, uko uye sei vari kumhanya. Panguva iyi, zvakakosha kuti kudzidza zvinhu zvakasikwa landscape, zvinonyatsorehwa manyorerwo yokumunda magadzirirwo zvaunoda mune imwe uye nyore kufamba kuburikidza nzvimbo. Kuronga zvakanaka Panguva iyi optimally kuwana mirayiridzo, kutanga chimiro uye kusarudza zvinodiwa upamhi uye simba unhani makwara.

raida Ezvemutauro

Asati atanga kuvaka kongiri njanji munyika nemaoko avo, zvakakodzera kugadzirira zvokushandisa nokuti basa: mudziyo kana kongiri chisanganiso kuti nokusanganisa kongiri, nembambo dzadzo dzose, tambo, nefoshoro, pamwero, tepi nechiyero rabha yedanda uye zvinoverengeka pamapuranga. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvinokosha kuti tigadzirire acho vanoumba huru nemamiriro unhani, uye achigadzirira nekongiri zvinoriumba: simende, jecha, mavhu zvikamu zviduku zveropa zvakasiyana, mvura. Musava chakaipa kugadzirira pigments kuti makara kongiri.

Embodiments mashoko anoshandiswa

The pabutiro kongiri njanji munyika? The zvinhu zvinogona kusarudzwa kongiri chaizvo, chakagadzirwa kana dzinongoitika ibwe, zvidhina, yematanda ndiro kana zvidimbu muti hunde dzacho, tichigadzira usina kukonekita. Kuti uwane chaiwo zvinhu zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, hombodo girazi, mapurasitiki nguwani uye zvakawanda - napo fungidziro yako, kutora mikana uye aesthetic pfungwa. Mumwe mhando zvinhu ine zvachiri kuti chokuita kurimwa kwemichina. Pose pazvinobvira, tichakurukura dzinokosha zvinhu zvavo tinoberekwa maitiro.

The chikuru zvokukura basa

Kuvaka chesamende njanji munyika nemaoko avo, tinofanira kuenda kuburikidza anotevera matanho:

• kusarudza zvakagadzirwa uye njanji zvinhu;
• rokuisa chiratidzo mugove;
• ivhu pamusoro rusesi munzira upamhi;
• Preparation penzira hwaro;
• gadziriro yacho formwork uye chisimbiso;
• Zadza njanji;
• munoenzanisa uye pamusoro kushongedzwa;
• temporizing kongiri nokuomesa;
• finalization penzira.

The kusarudza zvakagadzirwa uye zvinhu

Asati hunoshanda mhinduro yacho dambudziko, sei kuti chesamende njanji munyika nemaoko avo, mufananidzo zvigadzirwa zvakadaro haangavi chiya kuona Somuenzaniso, munyaya ino. Zvakakodzera kusarudza pamasikiro Makwara pamusoro mifananidzo kana kugadzira rako. Kwete hazvo vose pamakwara kunge zvakafanana upamhi uye magadzirirwo. Chokutanga, tinofanira kuona izvo kwavari ichashandiswa inonyanyoshandiswa uye kuzviita, somuenzaniso, siyana chomuruki nhumbi pamusoro rori. Vanofanira kuva vakwanise uye kugadzirwa pamwe kupfuura simba uye vafuke unhani. Makwara kazhinji kuva kwazvo zvokuti effortlessly uye kukuvadza zvinomera famba nzvimbo. Zvinoratidza kuti noupamhi kwakakwanira mubindu rangano 80 cm.

Partitioning mugove

Nokuti yakarurama Track marongerwo riri nyore - achibatsirwa nembambo mativi zvikamu uye tambo. For Makwara ichitenderera mhando zvinoda zvakawanda hoko akaronga ari mapfupi kure.

dzokurwa

Construction nekongiri makwara munyika hakusi pasina pakugadzirira ivhu, unosanganisira kubviswa ivhu pamwe rose urefu penzira. Kudzika avabvisa ivhu rukoko inotsamira ayo sezvamunoita. Kana matombo kana jecha, zvakakwana kubvisa masendimita 20, kana nevhu kubviswa vachava masendimita anenge 30 ivhu. Pasi zvichizoita abudise kumigero anofanira kuzadza zvinhu, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa sezvo paiva mavhu wokutanga zvinonyadzisa chakapatsanurwa, ipapo - duku, uye pakupedzisira, paiva jecha. Izvi zvakakodzera kudzivirira mwando iripo mudambudziko uye inotevera kwaari.

gadziriro yacho formwork

Kuti kongiri njanji munyika nemaoko avo kumativi ose formwork inofanira kuiswa. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, bhodhi upamhi haidereri pane kudzika akadurura kongiri rukoko uye Ukobvu kwete asingasviki 15 mm. Zvakafanira kuti rokumusoro akavezwa mapuranga akatedza kuti vaenzanise pariri akadurura kongiri rukoko.

Formwork yakaiswa sandara kuti njanji yakanga sandarara. Asi tinofanira kuita zvishoma materu (1-2 madhigirii) kubva rumwe rutivi njanji kuti kuzvidzora nokubviswa vasanaiwa nemvura. Kuwedzera STRUCTURAL simba zvinofanira kufungwa kuti kana ivhu tembiricha uye mhepo kongiri, uyewo mamwe zvinhu kuti ikachinja Linear miganhu. naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti vazadze njanji haasi kuramba Ribbon nekongiri, mugovane kuburikidza kuisa kuburikidza ikanyanya pamusoro 1-2 metres transverse slats Ukobvu 1-2 cm. Kuti aivabatsira haizopereri kubviswa vanofanira zvinenge zvakazara tsvina mafuta. Side shuttering mapuranga waakaita pamwe achishandisa rinoparadza. Zvakafanira kuti kana priming kwete kunokanganisa kuvimbika casing.

chisimbiso

Usati kudururira chesamende njanji munyika, zviri zvinodiwa kuita chisimbiso chavo. Nokuti ichi kukodzera nokuwedzera afoot kana zvikamu chete chisimbiso, rakagadzirwa pamusoro yakagadzirirwa pamutsago 10-20 masendimita zvose pamwe uye akayambuka njanji. Hazvina chinodiwa kuti vharuvhu isina akarara pasi akagadzirira hwaro. Kuti aite izvi, pasi payo komberedza Somuenzaniso, koko kubva hombodo, zvidimbu Tile kana chidhinha.

zadza

Next, kongiri dhaka akagadzirira kushandisa simende muchiso wevadukusa M400, jecha (kudiwa Washed, rwizi) uye mavhu (girenayiti nyore kushandisa kuwedzera simba unhani) ari nhamba 1: 1.5: 2.

Kuvhenganisa mvura iri kuwedzera pakukora ruomba kana gobvu. Kashoma mvura mhinduro, akasimba ari kuwana nzira, asi kunoda zvakawanda nesimba kana chinokosha Vibrating kuti tamping chesamende rukoko. Ukuwo, nemvura mhinduro yamunenge kushanda uye deredza nayo. Naizvozvo, kuti arambe achirema pamusoro Sarudza chaunoda.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti wakagadzirira mhinduro inofanira zvakazara kushandiswa mukati awa rimwe pashure nokusanganisa. Chakawedzera mvura kuti yakabikwa kurema vabatsiri haina varumbidzwa, nokuti kuipa kwazvo simba unhani.

To chamber haana richichena uye tatty, pendi navo. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kare akapedza unhani, asi unhani akadaro pfupi-akararama. Nani kuwedzera ruvara madhayi panguva kongiri vaiitawo. Zvadaro Zvachinja mavara rukoko yake yose. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo, ruvara rwacho kuparadzwa ndiko yakakwirira, asi kunoguma kushanda zviripo. Nokuti ruvara, unogona kusarudza chero ruvara, asi mugadheni rangano kukodzera nani yellows, mwoyo, Mavara uye ocher.

Achidzivirira kongiri rukoko akatakurirwa chapamusoro pokutonga formwork. Kuti pose aisangova kumeso uye hwakarongwa, unogona kuisa richiswedera. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoitwa kushandisa chaiwo zvokudhindisa template (ainzi rakadhindwa kongiri). kunyoresa kwakadaro kunogona kuitwa mumaawa mashomanana kana zuva rakatevera, apo kongiri zvishoma tora, asi musaomesa chose. Asati achiita zvakadaro kuvhiyiwa rinoshandisirwa pamusoro pemvura njanji toning fixer. Zvinobatsira kupa pashure nekusimbisa, nebefu pamusoro zvinoshamisa yakanaka unaku simulating siyana dzinongoitika zvinhu (tichigadzira zvidhinha, ibwe, uye yemapuranga flooring said.). Muenzaniso rinoshandisirwa pemvura chesamende nzira, hunoenderana badzi fungidziro yako.

Kuti adzivirire pendi uye magadzirirwo nekongiri akadhindwa kuzorwa zvemaziso uye weathering pamusoro wayo pechiso Coated acrylic impregnation. Pashure imwe kana maviri mazuva, vachinyatsoongorora akabvisa tepi transverse chokugadza mu kongiri.

vakamirira nokuomesa

Mushure kudira chesamende pamusoro ayo akafukidzwa epurasitiki wrap zvokuti zvishoma nezvishoma ndakadaro. On mazuva inopisa muzhizha, zviri chinodiwa nguva dzanyorova, kumwaya nemvura. Final unoda vangazivikanwa kubudikidza ruvara nekongiri. Kana achiri akanyorova, zviri kupenyerera uye rima. Shandisa nzira Zvinogoneka chete pashure kwakakwana nokuomesa (mazuva 5-6 mushure kudira).

kupedzisa Track

Panguva iyi, iyo formwork chinobviswa. Uyezve transverse vazvo vakazadzwa jecha kana ivhu, ivhu iri vakagadziridza panguva micheto penzira.

Other bemhapemha dzakasiyana

- Brick mukoto. A chinhu chiri chitarisiko inofadza, vachikwanisa kukunda mumwe kure pakati zvitina kuzadza ruvara jecha, samende-jecha dhaka kana pasi kuti imere reuswa. Zvidhinha pamusoro zvakaturikidzaniswa chemhinduro kuitira kuti pose ravo 10-15 mm pamusoro yakapoteredza ivhu, zvichipa diki Nemikwidza kubva pakati kurutivi micheto penzira. The mvura kubva kunonaya Haazvidzivisi munzira. Preparation zvitsigiro haisi rakasiyana nyaya anorondedzerwa kare kunze kuti zvitsigiro udzamu vanofanira dzinoenderana pakukora zvidhinha kushandiswa.

Vykladyvanii zvidhinha isasundumara uye rabha nenyundo, kudzamisa zvidhinha kuburikidza tapping pamusoro payo, kana zvakakodzera. Kana zvidhina anofanira kumutswa, zvino rakundwa kunze, akaisa pasi payo zvishoma agadzirise uye akaisa shure. Asi, mushonga zviri nyore kushandisa pakaoma simende-jecha nezvakasanganiswa. Mushure kuisa njanji wakadiridzwa, uye muvhenganiswa ichi chaiva zvishoma nezvishoma anogadza uye anoomesa. Sezvingatarisirwa, hazvibviri kushandisa njanji kusvikira kwokupedzisira solidification chemhinduro kana musanganiswa uko vakaisa zvidhinha.

Nokuti nesimba unhani haina aida kushandisa kwakajairika chidhinha uye clinker (tichigadzira) yaunganidzwa vachiridzira pane zvakawanda tembiricha zvinokosha mamakisi dzevhu. Silicate chena chidhinha akakodzera zvemukati kana pamadziro mapepa, uye tsvuku iri zvishoma nezvishoma ichaparadzwa mvura. Pamwe micheto penzira, zviri chinodiwa kumisa zviri mumugwagwa. Zvikasadaro, nokufamba kwenguva, magadzirirwo anouya yakapararawo, sezvo akanyanyisa zvidhinha.

- The Gwara tichigadzira Slabs. Urongwa hapana chakasiyana zvidhina. Kusara mano kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana Tile (kutengeswa), zvitarisiko uye mavara. A chinokosha ndechokuti haugoni kushandisa usina kukonekita nokuti mukati - zviri pfupi uye zvinoparadzwa rwakashata okunze munguva pfupi. The ukobvu of tichigadzira usina kukonekita kunge zvinenge 6 cm. Kugadzira chinhu ndechokuti usina kukonekita vanosarudzwa nokuda chimiro uye ruvara, sezvo njanji centre kurutivi kumicheto. Kumicheto pakuparadzirwa iri chokupedzisira, sezvo kazhinji zvinoda nokuveza usina kukonekita maererano configuration penzira miganhu. Cutting inogona kushandiswa mukuyi pamwe achicheka discs Concrete. Kuti vawane yakareba mukurumari vakadaro chinodiwa kugadza njanji tsime curbs.

- The makwara akatema muti. Ivo zvichida ndivo vakawanda zvaAtemisi bhajeti uye mutarise anokwezva kwazvo. Kupa simba kune zvinhu zvaidiwa gadzira wavo akaona kutema miti yekare diameters siyana 10-15 masendimita paukobvu. Zvinofanira kubatwa kudzivirira kuorera mazviri pezvakaitwa. Nokuti ichi akaona wakatemwa ndiyo pre-zvakaipa Somuenzaniso, mafuta linseed kana mhinduro hwemhangura sulfate uye waoma. Kuti chikamu saha akachekwa, ichazovapo mukati njanji nheyo, riri mberi kubatwa kunyudza mu nebhitumini yakanyungudutswa.

Kusiyana yapfuura zvemichina unoratidzwa kugadzirira zvakadzama chawo maererano spilite gobvu. Vanogona dziteyiwe zvakananga mujecha mubhedha, asi zviri nani - ari samende-jecha dhaka, kungoita mumwe kudzika zvakaipa bhitumini. Pakakoromorwa pakati yakabudikira migove spilite dzakwidzwa vakazadzwa jecha, akapwanyika ibwe kana mavhu melim. Unogonawo kuzadza navo ivhu uye kudyara uswa kuti patsangadzi. Chokunze pose Spil chinodiwa sanded uye akafukidza dzinoverengeka akaturikidzana kuti varnish nokuda Outdoor kushandiswa. Zvaiva nani vaiona huni unaku.

Repairing kongiri Makwara munyika nemaoko avo pachavo

Nokufamba kwenguva nokupesvedzera zvemaziso uye weathering nezvemakwara vanotanga kudzikira. Izvi zvimwe kana zvishoma kwese chero zvakashandiswa, kunyanya kana kugadzira muitiro haisi chichitarisirwa. Zvakakosha kuagadzira, pasina akamirira kuti kuchinja kumamiriro ezvinhu yakapararawo. Kuti aite izvi, shandisa chete zvinhu kuti vakatorwa urongwa kwavo. Dzaparadzwa zvikamu namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye kutsiviwa chete kwakakwana. Naizvozvo Zvakakunakirai pakuberekwa kutsva nzira yakachengeterwa pachine imwe mari unhani mashoko pave nenguva uye zvakakwana kugadziriswa.

mhedziso

We akatarira sei kuti asike kongiri njanji munyika nemaoko avo. Tinovimba kuti zvinhu pamusoro achakubatsira muna Implementation pamusoro Resettlement zvirongwa zvakagadzirwa nharaunda.