Hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa

Hypothalamo-pituitary ezvinhu ari STRUCTURAL mubatanidzwa morphofunctional pituitary (urongwa repasi nemanda uropi) uye hypothalamus (kadhi iri diencephalon) kuti vanobatanidzwa munyaya mutemo autonomic mashandiro ari mukuru muviri.

Anogadzirwa dhipatimendi diencephalon mahormone vane zvakananga inhibitory kana kunobatsira pamusoro secretion pamusoro mahormone ezasi chepfungwa manda. Panyaya iyi pamusoro hypothalamo-pituitary maitiro uye ine dzinovaka chaitika. Mwari akaronga kuti mutemo kemikari secretion uye kwetunhu (nokuwedzera kugadzirwa mahormone mu kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero ipfupi secretion pamusoro mahormone ari wedhipatimendi diencephalon). Hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa nekuongororwa inofambiswa, kunobatsira kuchengetedza nguva dzose mumuviri.

Gipofizotropnye Makemikari diencephalon kadhi rakakamurwa liberiny (muedzo) uye statin (braking) of nhengo kugadzirwa tropic mahormone. The zvenguva chikamu chizvarwa rinoitwa uropi neuropeptides (a mhando mapuroteni mamorekuru).

In mahormone akawanda hypophysis hypothalamus kunobatsira, sezvo vaipikisa kuti prolactin - secretion iri pasi tonic inhibitory pesvedzero hypothalamus.

Kana zvaparadzwa (yakaderera transection) panzvimbo dzapasi muuropi hunde nemanda conserved secretion kuti oxytocin uye vasopressin axons ari evaMedhia yapamusoro. Saka, hazvina kuva chirwere cheshuga insipidus. Nokubviswa hypothalamus kana mukuru transection kuti makumbo zvinosimudzira oxytocin kugadzirwa kurasikirwa, vasopressin, uye zvose asi prolactin kemikari iri pituitary shwanu.

Saka, mashandiro ari hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa.

Physiology achipfeka Kuziva ukama kuburikidza midziyo portal ari adenohypophysis. Vascular rusvingo permeability chakasiyana guru mapurotini. Groups yasarudzwa Sero nuclei vari yakaumbwa muna hypothalamus. Pakati pavo vane 32 nomwe. Ivo mubasa mutemo anokosha mashandiro ari mumuviri. Munharaunda iyi nekutsvaga dzakanga nzvimbo yacho tsitsi uye parasympathetic mapoka autonomic tsinga iri. Saka, BP murau rinoitwa, kupisa, hope, kupisa kugadzirwa, kurasikirwa kudya, uye nezvimwe vascular permeability.

Hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa rinobatanidzwa kwete chete Pakuchengeta nguva dzose pamusoro womukati kwezvakatipoteredza wemunhu. Inopawo mwedzi nomwedzi, zuva nezuva, pamwaka, uye dzimwe mutinhimira hormone nokufamba.

HPa akabatana (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal akabatana) anokwanisa kuchikosha inhibitory chaizvo nokushanda kwenhengo munhukadzi dzokubereka nadzo panguva yakasiyana siyana. Yakabudiswa pasi pokudzora CRH (KTRG - corticotropin-kusunungura kemikari) proopiomelanocortin peptides kushanda inhibitory chaizvo pagadzirwe hypothalamic gonadotropin-kusunungura kemikari. Glucocorticoids tunodzivisa kugadzirwa LH (luteinizing kemikari) pituitary uye progesterone uye inonzi estrogen ari ovaries, nechezasi aikanganiswa dzakasiyana munyama kuti estradiol.

Saka, kiyi basa hPa akabatana akatsunga apo achiumba kunetseka amenorrhea (kushaya kugeza panguva dzinopfuura 6 months), "hypothalamic". Pamwe izvi, pane rakananga stimulatory nomugumisiro estrogen Gene nditsigire (yakapfuura kutevedzana kwezviitiko nucleotides), ndiro basa kwetunhu KTRG uye noradrenergic hurongwa muna CNS. Izvi inotsanangura kuvapo munyoro hypercortisolism (wakawedzera functionality adrenal cortex), kufunganya, zvinyamusi, chinja kwemanzwiro, kushumba zvirwere nezvimwe zviratidzo.