Imre Kalman: Biography uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

The huru Munyori Imre Kalman, operetta iri kuiswa yakanakisisa zvokuridza dzemitambo zvenyika, akararama upenyu huzere basa zvinhu uye. Aifanira kukurira matambudziko akawanda, kuwana budiriro mukuru uye kusangana yakawanda rudo. zita rake Rinobatanidzwa ichatonga zvine mbiri Viennese operetta, iye chakatongopinda nhoroondo mumhanzi sezvo musiki inopenya, tariro uye anofara mabasa, kunyange Biography wake aiwanzotanga kunyimwa mufaro.

udiki

Akazvarwa murume tinoziva nhasi pasi zita Imre Kalman, October 24, 1882 mutaundi duku Siofok musi Lake Balaton. Zita rake chairo rakanga Emmerich Koppshteyn. Uchiri kuchikoro, akachinja zita rake rechiJudha kupfuura kwazvakarerekera Kalman. baba vomukomana raiva rakabudirira Bourgeois mhuri yaigara zhinji, ikakura vana mamwe maviri kuwedzera Imre. Zvisinei, makore mashomanana pashure mwanakomana muduku Charles Koppshteynu akanga pfungwa kuti guta rake raibudirira dzisina. Iye akagadza kwazvo pakuvaka tireki, Operetta Theater, vanoverengeka Hotels. Asi izvi zvose haisi zvinobatsira, uye baba Kalman aifanira kunyura muzvikwereti. All dzakaguma zvinosuruvarisa pfuma yake ikavharwa nokuda zvikwereti, uye mhuri kwakamanikidzwa kuna muBudapest. Nokukurumidza musoro wemhuri akatuma Imre kurarama kutarisirwa tete vangu.

inotungamirwa

Mumakore 10, mukomana wakatumwa pakarepo kuzvikoro vaviri dzekare jimunasiyamu uye mumhanzi. Pasinei urombo, nokuti Imre akatenga kushandiswa piyano, raakanga vaiita ose kupembedza nguva. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi, mamiriro ezvemari hwaipa zvokuti mukomana aifanira kusiya dzidziso uye kuenda kubasa. Akatanga kudzidzisa chiRatini uye nechiGiriki vokusekondari uye akaramba Muperekedzi mumhanzi. Urombo vakamuita vainyara uye nyararisa jaya, asi akava zvebhizimisi acumen. Nemhaka nokutsungirira kwake, Imre Kálmán akakwanisa kuenda kuchikoro mumhanzi. Akatotanga kupa Concerts, izvo vakamuisa mukurumbira uye mari diki.

Zvisinei, akanga zvakare kumirira inosiririsa akundikana: reborrow kugadzirira mumhanzi mumakwikwi, Imre akakuvara pinkie, izvo nokusingaperi akamurambidza unbend. About mumhanzi nokugadzira aifanira kukanganwa. Imre Kalman akabatana murwiyo kirasi, pamusoro zano muzvinadzidzo, akatanga kunyora symphonic mabasa. Asi vakanga vasina kubudirira. Achiri kukwanisa kupedza kukoreji uye akanyoresa Academy of Music. Panguva kuomerera pane Kalman hama yakanga akapindawo mutemo fakaroti. Nemhaka incredible kuitwa iye akakwanisa kupedza zvikoro zviviri, kuva gweta uye vaipupurirwa muimbi.

The kutsvaka pacharo

Kuti mari kuti zvivepo, Imre Kalman aiva mudzidzi anotanga kunyora kutsoropodza nyaya mumhanzi mbiru mupepanhau. Mushure chikoro akaenda kunoshanda mupepanhau, sezvo categorically asingadi kuva gweta. Hama vaitarisira kuti aizoenda mutemo, uye kana akatendeuka kubva kuti ichi hachisi kudaro, arashikirwa rubatsiro chero zvemari. Zvakare, aifanira kushanda nomutoro kaviri: zuva akanyora kuti pepanhau, uye anonyora mumhanzi manheru. basa rake dzinonetsa vakauya kwaari risingamboshandisi mari, hapana zvakawanda akasagona kuuya. Asi vakafara kuti zvinzvimbo aigona kupinda chero Concerts dzemitambo, sezvo matikiti haana nezvaaigona.

munyori Way

Kunyange Academy Imre Kalman akanyora zvakakomba mumhanzi: symphonic mumhanzi, piyano zvidimbu uye nziyo uye kunyange nenziyo. Asi kubudisa nokuita nziyo dzake hapana aida. Mumwe muimbi kunyange kuora mwoyo vaitoseka kuti nokuti anouya zvokuti ichatanga anyore operettas.

Muna 1905, Kalman rombo, akakunda Budapest Academy of Music kuti rwiyo kutenderera. mari iyi kuti akwanise kupedza vhiki nhanhatu muBerlin. Ikoko, munyori achipfuura zvose mumhanzi vaparidzi, achitarisira kuti kubudisa rwiyo, asi handina kumbomuwana. Vapererwa, urombo uye categorical kuramba wokuimba wenziyo Imre Kalman anosarudza kuenda "yakaderera Genre" - operetta.

budiriro

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 aizivikanwa rakadzika matambudziko operetta. Muna 1899, akafa, "Waltz King" Iogann Shtraus, uyo akanyorera hweAustria-Hungary pachena kufarira operetta. Makore gumi Genre vakakura kurwara uye akafa. A Imre Kalman, mimhanzi zvachose asina kuwanikwa kubvuma uye kufarirwa panguva vasingachavimbi pachavo uye akatambura nokushayiwa mari. Zvikuru akatsamwira yose uye pachavo kusanganisira munyori rakakiyiwa ratairenda furati kumucheto Graz, kunyora mumhanzi zvakanaka, uye kubva peni yake kunobva operetta rokutanga - "mumatsutso anofambisa". Kuratidzwa nemabasa kwakaitika muBudapest, uye kana mabiko yakanga zvinopfuura ushamwari, Kalman akasarudza kuratidza nayo muguta guru. Muna 1909, ivo Vienna Operetta maoko ari shasha itsva, uye gare gare zvakakodzera kubudirira vamirira munyori muBerlin uye Hamburg. Kalman kugara Vienna, uye anowana kushanda.

Kubvira panguva ino kunotanga Kalman operetta kusika zvibereko chaizvo, vamwe vavo vakabudirira, vamwe havana hunobatsira nguva. Kunyange zvakadaro, akakwanisa kuwana mukurumbira uye pfuma. Akava akapfuma kwazvo murume, uye kuonga zvose kuti basa rakaoma uye tarenda. Kubudirira akaramba kusvikira 1933. Muna 1932, yose Vienna nechido maoko ari Maestro rake rechi50 rakafa. Akanga paakavapa mibayiro siyana uye mibayiro. Asi muna 1933, imwe nyanzvi munyori nokuonga yakaguma.

operetta

Kutanga kunyora operetta, Kalman nezvechinhu yake maitiro. mabasa ake uye kwemvura nomufaro. Zviri pachena kuti akarisasa zvose zvavaitarisira uye zviroto, izvo akazviunganidzira chaizvo kuti upenyu hwakaoma. Muna 1912, anosika basa "yechiGypsy-chikuru", iro wairatidza kwazvo munyori wacho utsanzi: Hungarian chevarwere nziyo, zvakavhenganiswa akafanana, vakagwinya chiito. Pasinei chokwadi kuti basa iri rakanga haana takatondeswa Zvisinei zvichitambudzwa kubudirira, muimbi kubva ipapo vachiwedzera anotenda kuti awana nzira yake. Akatanga kushanda pamwe librettists nyanzvi uye mabasa nesimba.

Muna 1915 zvikuru Imre Kalman "Silva" yakazova kutekenyedzwa, rinozivikanwa. Anova tenzi aibvuma pamusoro operetta, upfumi hwake chinokura, anogona pakupedzisira kurega kunetseka mangwana. Muna 1921, kuratidzwa kwe "Bayadere", muna 1924 - "Maritsa". Munyori zvakasimba rwaigara aitungamirira nzvimbo muVienna muimbi, mumhanzi guta akasarudza mambo mutsva.

Muna 1926, ivo operetta, hwakasikwa maererano Imre Kalman, "The Circus Princess", aiva nokukunda vake chaivo. Yakanga iri nzvimbo yakapoteredza kuti nokuti vateereri vaida CARCHI kubva basa iri vaiimba pose. Sezvo Zvakaitwa operetta kunoitika pamwe mu Russia, hazvishamisi kuti imwe wokutanga zvesimba kwakaitika muMoscow.

Usatarisira hombe kubudirira uye "The Violet pamusoro Montmartre", zvakaratidzwa muna Vienna, nhoroondo kanoverengeka - 170! Asi pakutanga 30s zvakava zviome Europe uye Austria, vaNazi kuuya nesimba, uye Kalman aiva muJudha. Aifanira kunetseka zvakare pamusoro hwako.

kuenda kumwe

Muna 1938 Imre Kalman, ane Biography izere nematambudziko uye nemiedzo, vakamanikidzwa kusiya kuAustria. First akaenda Paris, apo akagamuchira Legion Kukudzwa, uye ipapo - muUnited States. Akararama makore 11 ari America, sitiroko, uye ipapo anyengetedzwa mhuri vakadzokera Europe uye vakagara Paris. Kuenda kumwe nguva Kalman anosika maviri chete operettas - "Marinka" uye "Arizona Lady", uyo asina akabudirira dzakadai mabasa vekare munyori.

rokusika nhaka

Mabasa Imre Kalman nhasi anozivikanwa pasi rose. Kunyange vakanyora 17 operettas. 9 vavo vava chikamu repertoire nevakawanda marimba dzemitambo kwete chete muna Europe asiwo United States. Uyezve, pachine zvimwe symphonic uye piyano mabasa munyori. Zvisikwa Best Kalman tenda operetta "yechiGypsy-chikuru", "Mambokadzi Czardas", "Countess Maritza", "The Circus Princess", "The Violet pamusoro Montmartre".

Three rudo Imre Kalmana

Imre Kalman aiva anonakidza nhoroondo pachako, paiva matatu chido simba muupenyu hwake. Munyori rakanga zvarwo, unprepossessing murume: miduku, makuru pamhazha nzvimbo vachiri vaduku, kusuwa, nomukurumbira. Hapana boded iye kubudirira kukuru vasikana.

Rudo rwake rwokutanga huru Paula Dvorak - kunaka, kuti mutambi operetta. Kokutanga achimuona pazuva kuratidzwa kukunda kwake operetta yokutanga muVienna. Kalman Imre zvikuru nesimba akatambanudza kuhwina moyo Diva, iye aiva mukuru nemakore ake 10, dzorudo yavo yakanga dizzying. Asi akaroora munyori Paula aisada kuenda. Aiziva kuti iye haazombobudiriri vana. Iye hanya Imre, bikai kwaari, kupa nyaradzo, uye akanga kugutsikana akadaro upenyu. Aitambudzika kushanda, iye aripo. Asi idyl aitarisira. Pashure pemakore 18 vakaroorana, Paula akafa tibhii. Munyori kurwadziwa aiziva vachabata denga. Panguva dzorudo wavo, iye yakabereka operetta yake yakanakisisa.

Mumakore upenyu Paula ndakanga ndichifunga pamusoro sei zvichakanganisa Kalman kurarama ndisina. Iye aigara akafuridzirwa naye pfungwa kuti aroore mukadzi wechiduku uyo ichabudisa vana vake. Kuti izvi zvidaro, iye akatanga kuti yakajeka mutambi revatongi Agnes Esterhazy. Pakati wenziyo uye mutambi chikamupenyera manzwiro. Pakafa Paula Kalman aitarisira kuroora Agnes. Akatenga imba, kugeza maruva uye nezvipo. Asi kamwe ndakadzidza pamusoro kusavimbika shamwari, kanganwirai wake, akanga asingakwanisi.

Muna 1940, Kalman akasangana mubvakure vaduku chaizvo kubva Russia Vera Makinsk, uyo akaedza kuva firimu mutambi. Munyori yakarohwa hwake uye runako. Akaroora Vera, asi muchato haana kufara, kunyange zvazvo asina vakaberekerwa vana vatatu. Faith akanga achida chaizvo kumapati, zvinodhura kunotenga, enganonyorwa, kwete chete Kalman. Imre akamukanganwira zvose, akakumbira haana kusiya kwaari, kutarisira vana. Nyora yakanga chete kamwe, uye kurudziro hunoguma kumushanyira.

mumakore achangodarika

Pashure sitiroko muna 1949, Kalman akanga aoma rutivi rwomuviri. Ake upenyu hwakanga hwakaoma, iye chaibatanidzwa vana, ndakaedza kunyora nziyo, asi ibasa zvakaipa. Kare muna 1950, Paris, Imre Kalman ari kuedza kushanda zvikuru ichangobva operetta, raiva zvachose kukundikana munyori. October 30, 1953 Kalman akafa. Akavigwa Vienna - guta romufaro rake.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Chimwe 4 makore Imre Kalman Aifarira mumhanzi, akapedza maawa pasi nemahwindo muzvinadzidzo, violinist, wakati kuroorana. Gare gare, akanga akadzidziswa kuridza piyano kwemaawa 16 pazuva, izvo zvakaita kuti zvinokuvadza.

Zvinofadza Kalman akanga zvakajairika chaizvo uye anonzwisisa murume. Asi zvakaipisisa kutya yeChishanu uye nhamba "13". Haana yakatarwa kuratidzwa panguva rechi13 nhamba, aidavira kuti nhamba yake rombo - "17", uye vakaedza kuchengeta operetta ake akaratidza kokutanga kwakanga mumazuva iwayo. Aitenda kuti operetta vanofanira kupfeka mazita evakadzi chete kana ivo kusangana kubudirira.