Kubhadhara kwekurwara kwekusiya mushure mokudzingwa. Nhamba yekubhadhara kwezororo rinorwara

Mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa mune imwe sangano, vagari vemo vanogona kupa chirwere chezororo chebhadhiro kubhadhara kune waimbova mutungamiriri, asi kana bedzi akashandura chirwere chisati chapera mwedzi mumwe kubva pazuva raakadzingwa, sezvinoratidzwa nemagwaro akakodzera. Munyaya iyi, munhu haafaniri kushanda kune rimwe basa, nokuti mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro mari yekusakwanisa kwebasa rake inofanira kubhadharwa nemusoro mutsva.

Zvirwere mushure mekubuda

Imwe vagari vakapedza ukama hwake hwebasa nemuimbova maneja uye avo vanorwara pashure pacho, haasi nguva dzose vane chokwadi chokuti achabhadharwa pepa rekushaya simba kwebasa rake rekare. Mushure mezvose, chokwadi, hukama hwose hwepamutemo nesangano hwakatozadzikiswa.

Panguva imwe chete, vashomanana vekare vashandi vanoziva kuti mubhadhati anokwereta chete mazuva matatu okutanga echipatara kubva kubhadharo yebhizimusi, uye zvimwe zvose zvinodhura zvinotsiviwa neSocial Insurance Fund. Muchiitiko ichi, mugari wekodhi anofanira kubhadharira chikwereti chekuremara kwete mushure memwedzi mitanhatu kubvira pazuva rokupedzwa kwehukama hwemabasa, uye chirwere chake chinofanira kupinda mukati memazuva makumi matatu kubva pazuva rokubviswa kwesangano rebasa.

Kubhadhara kwechirwere chezorwere mushure mekudzingwa kunogona chete kana munhu asina kuwana basa idzva, zvisinei kuti musoro mutsva uchabhadhara kusakwanisa kwekanguva kwebasa.

Nuances

Nguva yekurwara inobhadharwa chete kune vagari venyika iyo, mushure mokupera kwehukama hwavo hwebasa nesangano rimwe chete, vasati vapedzisa chibvumirano chebasa nemushandi mutsva. Kubhadhara kwezororo rinopera mushure mekuregererwa munyaya iyi kunoitika maererano nesangano re Federal Federal No. 255 raDecember 29, 2006. Mukuwedzera, paunoshandisa kune waimbova musoro, magwaro anotevera achadikanwa:

- kopi yepasipoti;

-bhuku rebasa, kana uchitarisa zvinyorwa umo iwe unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti munhu haatomboshandi.

Imwe pfungwa inokosha ndeyokuti kubhadharwa kwechirwere chepazororo mushure mekuregererwa kunoitwa pamwero we 60% wemavhareji mari yevashandi, pasinei nekureba kwebasa rake. Mutemo uyu unoshanda kune vanhu vose, uyewo kune zvikonzero zvose zvekupedzwa kwehukama hwemabasa.

Chipatara uye Employment Centre

Munhu anozivikanwa seasina basa anogona kutarisira kuwana rubatsiro rwemari kubva kuhurumende. Kuti uite izvi, mugari wekodhi anofanira kushanda kune zviremera zvebasa reimba yaanogara uye kupa zvinyorwa zvinotevera:

- Bhuku rekodhi rebhuku;

- pasipoti;

- Diploma yezvidzidzo.

Mukuwedzera, kana munhu akarwara, achakwanisa kugamuchira mari yekubhadhara mari nenzira yekubhadhara hosha yeremara yakaenzana nemari yezvakanyorwa. Izvi ndizvo izvo Art. 28 FZ "Pamabasa muRussia Federation". Muchiitiko ichi, kubhadhara kwechirwere chezororo mushure mekudzingwa kunogona kunge kwakanyanya kudarika chikamu icho mukuru wekare aizopa kune vagari venyika, zvichienderana nokuti kubatsirwa kwebasa kwakagadzirirwa pa70% yemavhareji emari.

Kuverenga mitemo

Nguva yekurwara kwewaimbova mushandi inobhadharwa:

- mubhadhari kwemazuva matatu okutanga;

- FSS kwenguva yose inotevera yechirwere.

Muitiko apo munhu anotarisira nhengo isina kunaka yemhuri yake kana kuti akaporesa mune sanatorium inopinganidza, mari yose yezorwere rake rekuenda ichadzorerwa neSocial Insurance Fund yeRussian Federation. Mukuwedzera, rudzi urwu rwebatsiro runofanira kubhadharwa kumushandi kwenguva yose, iyo yakarongeka mune pepa rekuremara.

Chiyero chekudzivirirwa kwenguva pfupi kubatsirwa chinoverengwa kubva pakureba kwebasa rebasa, somuenzaniso:

- kwemakore mashanu 60% evhareji yemari yakaiswa;

- makore anopfuura mashanu - 80% kubhadhara;

- kupfuura makore masere - 100% kubhadhara kubva pamaripo, chete nekutadza kwemazuva ose ezuva.

Kana chibvumirano chebasa pamwe nemugari chikapera, mushure mokunge arwara panguva yekutanga kwemazuva makumi matatu, apo achishanda kune sangano richabhadharwa panguva iyi yekushaya simba kwebasa muhuwandu hwe 60% yemari yaanowana, uye urefu hwebasa hahuna basa.

Chikonzero chekudzingwa ndicho chiito chebasa

Chimwe chiitiko chehupenyu, kana munhu achangobva kupedza basa rake mune rimwe bhizimusi, anoshandura chirwere mukati memazuva makumi matatu ekutanga pashure pacho. Panguva imwe chete iye ane kodzero yokubhadhara kubhadhara kwekukurumidza kwekushandira kubva kumushandi wekare, asi chete kana asina kuwana basa idzva ndokupa chirwere chake cherwere mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekuregwa.

Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, chiyero chemari yekuremara kwenguva pfupi ichaenzana ne60% yemavhareji emari yemunhu wacho, pasinei nekureba kwebasa rake. Mukuwedzera, paunenge uchiverenga mari iyi, waimbova mushandi anofanira kutora pamwe naye magwaro anodikanwa achisimbisa chokwadi chokuti haashandi kupi zvako.

Kana mugari wehurumende akatambura chirwere chakakomba uye asina kutumira chikwereti chekuremara kune aimbova mutungamiri kwemwedzi mitanhatu, munyaya iyi chisarudzo chekumubhadhara mari inoshandiswa neSocial Insurance Fund yeRussian Federation.

Denda panguva yekuzorora pamutemo

Muchiitiko apo chirwere chacho chakawana munhu panguva yezororo, ipapo pamusana peArt. 124 yeMutemo Webasa, inofanira kuwedzerwa kwemazuva ose ezuva revanorwara-urongwa kana kuendeswa pane imwe nguva, asi chete nekutenderwa kwakanyorwa kwebasa.

Kubhadhara kwezororo rekurwara kunosanganisira mabasa anotevera:

- muvhareji wemari yemunhu wemakore maviri apfuura anoverengerwa, ayo akaparadzaniswa mumazuva manomwe, kusanganisira vhiki dzose uye mazororo, ruzivo rwehushuwarisi hwehushandi hunoonekwa zvakare;

- kuwedzera kwemhando iyi yekubatsira kunofanira kuitwa mukati memazuva gumi.

Haibhadhari

Mamiriro ezvinhu apo kusagadzikana kwenguva pfupi kwebasa hakukwanisi kubhadharwa neanoshandira kunopiwa neLC RF. Chipatara, kubhadhara kwacho kusati kwagoverwa, kunogona kungoitika panguva dzezororo dzinotevera:

- dzidzo;

- Chirevo;

- pasina kuchengetedza mari.

Saka, kunyorwa kwepamutemo kwebhuku iyi hazvidiwi.

Zvisungo hazvina kuiswa

Muchiitiko ichi, hapana kubhadhara mari kumudzimai akamirira mwana kuonekwa mumhuri haabhadharwi. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvisizvo, zvinoratidzwa muna 255-FZ. Mukuwedzera, kodzero yekuwana mari yekubhadhara ndeyevo avo avo vakadzingwa vakave nemugumisiro wekukuvadzwa kunotsigirwa munzvimbo yebasa, kusanganisira kuberekwa kunokanganisa. Iyi mamiriro ane mazano anokosha anoverengeka:

- kugumisa hukama hwebasa nemukadzi ari munharaunda yekudzivirira, musoro wega pachake haana kodzero;

- kubudiswa kunogona kungobvumirana chete pamativi maviri.

Kuderedza uye zvirwere zvinotevera

Mushandi ane ukama hwebasa akagumiswa nekuda kwechikonzero ichi anogona kutarisira kugamuchira mubhadharo nokuda kwechirwere bedzi kana akatambura chirwere mukati memwedzi wokutanga mushure mekudzingwa uye akaisa pepa rekuisa insolvency kune waimbova mutungamiriri mushure memwedzi mitanhatu.

Kukura kwekubhadhara kwechirwere chechirwere munyaya ino kuchaenzana ne60% yevhareji yevheji yepamusoro. Izvo hazvina basa, zvisinei, kuti kubviswa kwacho hakuna kuitika pachake pachake.

Kana sangano iri ravharwa, iyo yaimbova mushandi ichakwanisa kuwana rubatsiro urwu kuburikidza neSocial Insurance Fund.

Mutemo wekubhadhara kwevanorwara-urongwa

Mumwe mugari akadzingwa angagamuchira mubhadharo pane pepa risina kuwana kubva kune aimbova mukuru, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

- chirwere chakaitika mukati memwedzi wokutanga mushure mekupedzwa kweukama hwebasa nemusoro;

- kupa chirongwa ichi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu kubvira pazuva rokubviswa;

- haafaniri kubhadharwa nemasangano emabasa.

Mushure mekunge vagari vopa sangano nebhuku rebasa, kusimbisa chokwadi chokuti haasi kushanda kupi zvako, anopiwa chikwereti chekubhadhara chirwere chekutapurirwa chirwere, sekutonga, izvi zvinoitika mukati memavhiki maviri.

Kutongwa

Kwete nguva dzose vekare vashandi vanoedza kudzivirirwa kodzero dzavo dzakaputsika kune vane masimba makuru, asi zviitiko zvakadaro dzimwe nguva zvinosangana nazvo. Zvisinei, mutemo nguva dzose unomira kune rumwe rutivi rwevagari vanoedza kudzivirira maonero avo munyaya yedare.

Case study

Iyo vagari vakadzingwa kubva kubasa kune kuderedzwa kwevashandi, mune izvi zvakanyatsogadziriswa zvakazara pazuva rekupedzisira rebasa rake rechibvumirano musangano.

Mumwedzi wokutanga mushure mekupedzwa kwehukama hwebasa pamwe nesangano, uyo aimbova mushandi akakanganisa kuputika pachikumbaridzo cheimba yake ndokurova musoro wake pasi, shure kwaizvozvo akatumirwa ku ambulensi kune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira kwaakaonekwa kuti ane dambudziko reuropi uye gumbo rakakanganiswa.

Mushure mokusununguka, vagari venyika vakapa urwere-urongwa, rwakabudiswa mune imwe sangano rezvokurapa, kune waimbova mutungamiriri, zvekuti akamubhadhara mari yakakodzera, asi iyo yekupedzisira yakaramba, kuputsa mitemo yemutemo. Murume wacho akamanikidzwa kuenda kudare.

Icho chinobva pane zvinyorwa zvenyaya iyo munhu akadzingwa akauya nebhuku rekusakwanisa kwebasa kumushandi wekare 4 mwedzi mushure mekuderedzwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti akanga ane kodzero yakazara yekuwana mari yekubhadhara maererano nehosha.

Mukuwedzera, dare riri muchisarudzo rakazivisa kuti kukanganisa kwakaitwa mugari pamba kwaiva kushungurudzika kwepamba. Mutero wevanorwara-urongwa munyaya ino inofanira kuitwa nemusoro mune chikamu che makumi matanhatu kubva muzana yemari yomushandi akadzingwa, pasinei nekureba kwebasa rake, iro makore gumi nemashanu.

Dare redzimhosva rakagadziriswa mukufarira mutauriri, semugumisiro wekuti mubhadhari akamubhadhara mupiro uye mubhadharo wekusava nemhosva yepachikoro.