Mutsara akasiyana vaitaura, uye nemamwe mubatanidzwa mashoko? kuongorora collocations

Mutsara yave rakagara richidudzirwa zvakurukurwa yakazvimirira syntactic dzakabatana, Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo pfungwa. Rinooneka mutauro nominative zvinangwa. Kuoma zita kuti anotakura chete nominative basa, rinova shoko - acho.

The chipo uye rokuti - sei kusiyanisa kwavari?

Kusiyana rokuti kubva pashoko hakudi chero tsananguro. Inoratidza zita rokuti pachayo. Asi chii chinosiyanisa mutsara kupa? Kutanga, zviri remubatanidzwa mashoko uye neshoko zviperengo Implementation ose fanira uye optioneel-yemanyorero valences ayo. In "Russian girama-80" mutsara zvinonzwisiswa somunhu kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro-zvivakamutauro muenzaniso kuparadzira shoko.

Rinopa chete - uyu zvikuru kunzwisisa uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda mumwe. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo pane 3 mapatani: wevakadzidza, kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye kukurukura (pragmatic). Basic zvivakamutauro zvinoreva mutongo ndiko predicativity, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise Nenyaya Iyi mashoko ari mamwe-mitauro chokwadi (chokwadi) pamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kutaura umo mutsara vanowanika (chiito nemashoko). Ndicho musiyano pakati rokuti chikumbiro, mune pfupi.

The nemarongerwo vakadzidza mitsara zvinowanikwa chete, kureva avo apo zvakazara inochengeterwa yoga lexical zvichirehwa constituent mashoko aro. Kana vari vakarasika, tiri kubata Mitsara, izvo havachakwanisi pasi kudzidza girama.

Kuvaka mitsara

Mitsara dzinobva vamwe kare yakatanga mumutauro womuenzaniso, kuti kuburitswa iri kutaura. Vane kwegadziriro siyana anochinja paradigm, rinobatana pamwe paradigm huru shoko (kuti chimwe musiyano mutsara pamusoro pa).

sezvamunoita kwavo zvingasanganisira kwete mbiri chete zvinoriumba: tenzi uye muranda (nyore mutsara). Mukuti zvinoreva uye girama anogona nokubatanidza dzakawanda zvinoriumba (anopfuura maviri), pakati izvo kunongova akasiyana syntactic vajairira.

Unoumba multi-mitsara

Vanogona kuva:

- aibatanidza (sequential nokuteerera) kutenga dhesiki, shamwari yababa vangu;

- kunzwisisa (yakafanana kuteerera) anozivikanwa zvikuru muguta kune mamwe mabhuku;

- zvakafanana (pamwe heterogeneous tsanangudzo pasi musoro): antiikki sekristaro vhasi, manune nekoshenaya uswa;

- confluent (kuumbwa panguva paumbwe inopiwa): kutenga mumapepanhau nemagazini, shinda uye sirika micheka.

kuongorora collocations

Nzira kuti ongororo wokutanga voga mazano slovosochetatelnogo wose misa, uye kuziva mhando weboka kupinda nyore (bicomponent).

Danho rechipiri - kuongorora zviri nyore zvirevo kufungisisa parameters zhinji zvinoratidza izvozvo sezvinotevera:

1) kwokutanga chimiro;

2) mukukurukurirana shoko ndezvevanhu vakuru;

3) rudzi syntactic chechinyorwa uye nzira okuti;

4) mhando syntactic ukama;

5) unoumba kutonhodza muyanzvi shoko;

6) muenzaniso (chinogumbura chati).

Conditionality unoumba muyanzvi shoko

Conditionality siyana muyanzvi shoko rinogona kuzivikanwa huru zvivakamutauro ehupfumi, akadai chavanopinda aro imwe kirasi mashoko (mukukurukurirana) kana kuti muchikwata zvikuru girama. Saka, anogona kuva nemaonero yokusafa chipauro pazita: anofara wemukaka, bhuku rekare.

Verbs sezvo kirasi zvivakamutauro mashoko rinotsanangurwa Qualitative adverbs: kushanda nesimba, kutaura kwazvo. Zvose izvi mashoko vari nemitemo yomutauro vakaumbwa. Pamberi kubatsirwa chimiro ari accusative pasina rokuti akatsunga lexical uye zvivakamutauro zvivako zviri kuchinja huru rechiito: kuverenga bhuku, zvokunwa mukaka.

Kuumba muyanzvi shoko rinogona kuona mamiriro chikuru kune imwe kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kirasi kana lexical-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro boka (LSG). Saka, mashoko ose kuti utange kukurukura fomu anofambidzana pamwe kubatsirwa pazita ari paku mhosva fomu ne "c" chokumupomera: kutaura mumwe kukurukura nemunhu. Zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvikamu kutaura, kusanganisira ayo chinoumba zvinoreva modal (Mukana, chido, vanoda, zvichingodaro.), Somunhu zvaanoda ndivo kuitika chokuti rechiito kuti vanoda kudzidza, kudzidza, kuva nechido chokudzidza, achida kudzidza. Zvose izvi mashoko vari semantically vakaumbwa.

Pakupedzisira, chimiro zvaanoda shoko rinogona kutsanangura unhu huru lexical zvinoreva. Panyaya iyi, kunyange vamiririri rimwe OOP anogona kuumba mubatanidzwa dzakasiyana: tengesa muchero - muchero vagotengeseranamo; kubhadhara tolls - kubhadhara yokufamba; shamwari vanozvikudza - kukotamira mumwe. Muchiitiko ichi tinotaura lexical zvirevo zvakakonzera.

Kusiyana nemamwe mashoko anofambidzana

Kuziva musiyano mashoko kubva kupa, unofanira kusiyanisa kubva nemamwe mubatanidzwa mashoko.

Somunhu chaiye syntactic chikwata chine zvimwe zvivako uye kuva mutauro muenzaniso (chinogumbura dhayagiramu), zvinokosha kusiyanisa zvinotevera mubatanidzwa mashoko ari mutongo:

1) The mubatanidzwa chokufenbera (nyaya Predicate +): mukomana achimhanya;

2) kubva polupredikativnyh iye, mupanduki, anobvunza dutu;

3) kuti coordinative: nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe kurai kundoongororwa;

4) kubva appositive mubatanidzwa (mubatanidzwa mafomu, uye kutsanangura shoko): mudzidzi Ivanova akasvika;

5) pamusoro anofambidzana kuti inomuka chete mumutsetse: a baba uye mwanakomana wake akanga akafanana chaizvo.

Kuziva musiyano pakati rokuti nezvimwe inopa kubva mubatanidzwa mashoko mairi, iwe uchava nounyanzvi nokuita parsing uye kudzivisa girama zvikanganiso. Izvi zvinokosha kudzidza "nemarongerwo", sezvo pamusoro zvinhu zviri anokosha mairi, uye vanofanira kusiyana. Tinovimba isu akanyatsotsanangurira munyaya ino, sei kusiyanisa mashoko kubva mutongo.