Ndezvipi kunyongana kufunga? Akafunga nyonganyonga: zvinokonzera, zviratidzo, kupatsanura

Munhu wose anogara munhu Muchiitiko kuti kuratidzwa chokwadi. Mumwe anogona kuona murenje, nezvimwe - chitsuwa maruva pakati jecha vamwe pamushana, vamwewo vanofunga kuti hazvina yakajeka zvakakwana. Chokwadi munhu wose anoona zvakasiyana mamiriro chete, kunoenderana kukosha kushanda kwendangariro - mafungiro. We ongorora, kufungira, enzanisa, ubudise kwemasvomhu akavhiyiwa nekuvongwa iye.

kufunga zvinhu vakadzidza nenyanzvi dzakawanda, kazhinji vanachiremba uye vanachiremba vepfungwa. In Ndege wepfungwa, pane zvakawanda nemiedzo yakasiyana kuti vane ukoshi uye rakavimbika. Held kufunga Diagnostics kuti Pakusarudza kutyorwa, uyewo nemafungiro kutsvaka nzira. Pahwaro vepfungwa ruzivo anogona kuziva pathological dzinotsanagura mafungiro. Pashure paizvozvo yakarongwa zvinodhaka kubatsira vanhu vanenge vakacherechedza zvemamiriro nokushanda kwepfungwa muitiro. Chii chinogona kuonekwa kutyorwa mafungiro?

Chii mwero kuratidza chokwadi pamusoro mupfungwa kwacho?

Nanhasi, nyanzvi dzakawanda nharo, sei kurondedzera zvakaoma kushanda kwendangariro - mafungiro. Asi kusvikira zvino, pakanga pasina chinyorwa chakazara uye rinogutsa, izvo zvingadai wakafukidzwa ose basa kuti anoita mupfungwa dzedu. Iyi pfungwa muitiro ndechimwe uchenjeri nevamwe (ndangariro, fungidziro, kufunga uye maonero). Thinking anove mashoko ose kubva kunze, tama akaukandira ndege yacho kuzviitira maonero womunhu kwezvakatipoteredza. Ratidza kuzviitira muenzaniso chokwadi vanhu havangambogoni tichibatsirwa mutauro, kutaura, ndiko rinomusiyanisa nevamwe zvisikwa. Zviri nemhaka kutaura murume anonzi dzakakwirira musoro mumwe.

Muchinzwisisa ezvinhu akasiyana, achibatsirwa kutaura murume anotaura ake zvakabudiswa, achiratidza pfungwa zvavakarayira. Pfungwa pezvakaitwa anowanzoita kusangana akawanda zvinodiwa.

• Man anofanira zvakakwana kuonesesa uye dzinoona mashoko ose kunobva kwaari vachibva kunze.
• kupima kwevanhu inofanira kuva mukati empirical hwaro kubatwa muvanhu.
• Pane wevakadzidza zvisingarambiki, izvo nani zvinoratidza dzemunharaunda uye mitemo yose muvanhu. Mhedziso pamusoro chero mamiriro ezvinhu rinofanira kubva pfungwa iyi.
• Kufunga pezvakaitwa vanofanira mberi maererano nemitemo yokudzora hurongwa.
• Thinking hakufaniri chinyakare, zviri zvikuru yakarongwa, saka kazhinji zvinoratidza akawanda pfungwa kazhinji akagamuchira mamiriro enyika.

Izvi zvinodiwa regai gadzirisa zvose vanhu pasi mukuru nemitemo kuvapo. Hapana anogona tinobvisa munhu akazvimiririra. Tiri kutaura zvikuru sezvo chakajairika. Muenzaniso wakanakisisa: vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti kudya pashure 21,00 zvinokuvadza, saka zvose vadya Papera, haana kuiswawo pakati inowanzotorwa siyana. Asi vose, nokutsauka hakunganzi. Uye nokufunga. Vamwe kusapindirana chete nevakawanda nemamiriro nyika kwomuitirowo hwepfungwa zvinogona, kana chiri kwakakomba kutyora mafungiro.

nzira nechirwere

Kuti usarudze kusachinja-chinja, mukana wokushandiswa, udzamu, yakaoma kufunga, sei mberi maonero ayo, pane nzira dzakawanda kudzidza ichi mupfungwa muitiro. Vanachiremba kuongororwa yakareba kwaiitwa panguva makemikari vanochiva chirwere kuti zvirwere mafungiro rinoitwa kushandisa yokurapwa michina. Vanotarisira kuburikidza phones, vachitsvaka pathological nzvimbo, vanoitisa MRI, eeg uye zvichingodaro. Vanachiremba kushandisa kwavo basa bvunzo zvinhu. Chirwere pfungwa iri zvepfungwa zvinogonawo raiitwa vachishandisa akaronga zvichiongororwa uye dzinongoitika kana rabhoritari chiedzwa. Miedzo Inonyanya kuona hunhu basa pfungwa: nzira "kunze pfungwa," Bennett bvunzo kudzidza Rigidity mafungiro uye zvichingodaro. Kuti uone pfungwa chirwere Vana vanogona kushandiswa "pamusoro boka", "Circle ari gandiwa", "nzvimbo mutsauko", "Labyrinth" uye vamwe.

The zvinokonzera kutyorwa

The zvinokonzera kutyorwa kunzwisisa pfungwa kwacho inoratidza chokwadi mupfungwa dzedu, anogona kuiswa. Kunyange nyanzvi regai parizvino kusvika tabvumirana nezvevamwe kuchinja pathological mukufunga kwevanhu. Ivo simuka nokuda makemikari kukuvadza, psychosis, neurosis, kuora mwoyo. Funga zvikonzero zvikuru zvarakasiya.

1. Zvishande zvirwere. Vanoita yakaderera-unhu pfungwa kushandiswa. Zvirwere izvi zvinogona kuitika pamwero yakasiyana-siyana sangano dzemuviri. Panguva cellular vanochiva chinokanganisa murwere kunzwisisa yakapoteredza chokwadi, nokuti akateverwa zvakaipa zvisarudzo kuitika. Izvi pathologies akadai cheAlzheimer (dementia nokuda Organic maronda ari chepfungwa midziyo), schizophrenia. Kana zvinokanganisawo epanyama lobes uropi kunoitika havachanyatsogoni kuyeuka uye mafungiro, izvo haibvumiri munhu kuita mazuva zviitwa, kuronga uye mumapoka zvinhu. Kana uine kusanyatsoona zvakanaka munhu anozviisa kunaka ruzivo, saka kutonga uye mhedziso kungava dzisingapindirani zviri muupenyu.
2. Zvokurwara siyana pfungwa zvinobva kuna psychosis. munhu uyu haasi kukwanisa kuronga mashoko kwakavakirwa vanhuwo pfungwa zvinhu, saka kuita zvisingaitiki mhedziso. Apa pane kusabatana kufunga, kusavapo chero Links pakati pavo, uyewo omumwe mashoko zvokunze nzira, hapana sangano pakati ezvinhu kana zvinhu.
3. Kusagadzikana pfungwa tigutsikane. Kuchikonzerwa nekuneta wegadziriro maonero (kunyanya kuchinja zviwane) pane "nokushapira" uchifunga kubva chaiyo zviitiko pamusoro chiitiko kuti nyaya vanozivikanwa setisina kukosha zvikuru kwaari.
4. Kushaikwa ezvinhu murau. Kufunga murume kuvakwa nenzira yakadaro kuti dambudziko ezvinhu, ari kutsvaka nzira yokubuda pahwaro rapfuura ruzivo uye mashoko kubudiswa ari kupiwa nguva. Kazhinji, mamiriro ezvinhu mutemo kunobatsira munhu disengage kubva dzakapoteredza kusanzwa, kutarisa dambudziko nokuzvibvunza mibvunzo uye kutsvaka chinovaka mhinduro panguva imwe chete, kuti asike rwakafanana kuita. Nokusava mutemo munhu haagoni nokukurumidza uye zvakanaka kuwana nzira kubva izvi. kutyorwa kwakadaro mafungiro angava nokuda mupfungwa zadzisa, kukuvara, namamota uropi, chepfu maronda, kuzvimba pahuma.

Mhando pathological mafungiro

Pathologies mabasa kwepfungwa zvizhinji, nokuti izvi ndiko chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Pane kupatsanura pakati kutyorwa, iro rinobatanidza ose zvivako uye akasiyana pfungwa muitiro inoratidza chokwadi. Mhando kutyorwa mafungiro ndeinotevera:

1. Zvokurwara of simba mafungiro.
2. Kutyorwa ndangariro chikamu mafungiro kwacho.
3. Operational vachivavhiringidza.

Zvokurwara of uchishandisa divi kwepfungwa muitiro

Zvirwere izvi sei chirongwa nenzvimbo pfungwa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, izvozvo kutamburawo musoro kubatana pakati pavo pakutongwa womunhu, uyai wokutanga yakananga kutonga, zvinomiririra zvinhu uye mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Varwere varege kuva vazhinji zvatariswa uye zvivako chine chinhu kusarudza zvikuru akakodzera zvikuru yakarurama zvachiri. Kakawanda, pathological izvi pezvakaitwa vane vanhu vanotambura nepfungwa retardation, tsviyo, encephalitis.

Kutyorwa ichi mhando kunogona dzinoratidzwa kunyange kukanganisa nedanho zvavo. Muchiitiko chino, munhu anorwara asingadi kufunga ehupfumi ari chinhu, chokuita nomumwe substantially. Kusarudza chete anongoitika unhu pakati zvinhu uye mananara hapana kubatana kwakavakirwa zvakafanana mutsika chechetere. Pane kufunga chirwere muna schizophrenia uye psychopathy.

Zvinetso kukanganisa rinomutsa nemafungiro

Kusiyana kwepfungwa kumhanya, kusachinja-chinja uye spontaneity munguva rinomutsa acho, tichiratidza kuti kuzviitira chokwadi. Pane zviratidzo zvakawanda zvichireva kutyora guru rutivi mafungiro.

• Kutsvedza. Chaiye uye sequential kufunga pamusoro pechimwe chinhu pasina kurasikirwa zvavo, varwere vanotanga kutaura zvachose zvimwe zvinhu. Vanogona Vaiisa mumwe wenyaya pasina ndakapedza yaimbovapo, kufunga shamwari kukwana kana nekudetemberwa. Saka vanoona zvakadaro sezvo chakajairika. Nokuda izvi zviri kukanganiswa kuipa uye musoro chitima pfungwa.
• Kugamuchira. The mutoo uyo murwere kuteerera zvose zviwane. Anogona kutanga nharo achitsoropodza uye zvakakodzera, asi zvino tora zvachose vose kuitika sezvo kwaiitirwa kwaari kuti funga rarama zvokuvakisa pedyo, iyo kunokosha kubatsira kana kuitawo. vanhu vakadaro vanogona kuvhiringika muchadenga uye nguva.
• Dzisingapindirani. Vairwara munhu rakasiyana dzisingapindirani kutonga. Nepo kuchengetedza dzinokosha ehupfumi mafungiro. Munhu anogona kuramba kuratidza musoro mutongo, ongorora uye synthesize. zvokurwara ichi zvakajairika zvikuru vanhu vane vascular zvirwere, pfungwa kukuvara, Tis, uye akafunga nyonganyonga iri schizophrenia, asi nhoroondo inenge 14% of uwandu zvirwere.
• Inertness. Kana sanganisika anoitwa uye zvimwe pfungwa kwacho-aifamba chiito uye nokutonga yekudyidzana seiyi. Chinja mumwe chiito, zvinangwa, kwete kuita kunze tsika zvakaoma zvikuru kuti munhu. Kazhinji inertia kunoitika muna vanhu vane pfari, MDS epileptoid psychopathy uye angaperekedzwa mwoyo, vasingakendengi, adynamic mamiriro.
• Kumhanyisa. Tokari zvichiitika pfungwa, zvakarairwa kunyange kuchinja inzwi (anogona shoshoma nemhaka kuramba tichiwana kutaura). With chirwere ichi pane rakawedzera emotionality, kana munhu anoti chinhu, zvinondiremera nemasaini, kutsauswa, ukabata uye oratidza rezasi kunaka pfungwa uye associative ukama.

Zvinorevei nyonganyonga pachake zvinoriumba?

Nokuti vanhu vane abnormalities ari oga chezvinonhuwira mafungiro, hwokuratidza kufunga nyonganyonga inorondedzerwa pazasi.

• Multilevel. Ndechipi ukoshi mutongo, mhedziso anogona "riri" dzakasiyana ndege kufunga. Kana munhu anoponeswa pachisara kwetunhu uye tichienzanisa munhu basa anogona mberi nenzira dzisina chokuita nepedyo. Somuenzaniso, tichiziva kuti unofanira kutarisira zvokudya, mukadzi anogona kutenga kupfuura richinaka madhishi ose katsi uye kwete vana venyu. Ndizvo basa uye zvakakwana ruzivo, mafungiro kurutivi chinangwa uye basa pathological.
• Kufunga-anotema. Kufunga murume ane zvokurwara akadaro nechinangwa "kugadzirisa nyaya yose". Mune imwe nzira nayo inonzi nokukuvadzwa muchero nharo. Kureva, munhu anogona kupedza achitsetsenura, vanorayiridza, zamudrenno akaratidza pasina chinokosha chikonzero.
• Ornate. Kana munhu anoti chinhu, izvozvo anopedzera chaizvo mashoko uye manzwiro pariri. Saka, kutaura kwake, pane mamwe nezvavanofunga kuti zvakaoma kutaura.
• Amorphousness. Mune mamwe manzwi, ndiye kutyora musoro kufunga. Munhu uyu ari kuvhiringidzwa mune pfungwa uye musoro kubatana pakati pavo. Kunze havagoni kunzwisisa zvaanoreva. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvakawanda kusabatana, umo hapana kubatana pakati wacho mashoko.

Zviri mafungiro - chii?

kufunga - Content raro zvazviri, ndiro basa dzinokosha zvivako: nokuenzanisa, kwetunhu, pachisara kwetunhu, concretization, pfungwa, nezvaakatonga, inferences. Uyezve, pfungwa kugutsikana zvinosanganisira nzira yokunzwisisa nyika - induction uye yaanobhadhara. mudziyo uyu iri revadzidzi kwepfungwa mutoo nezvokurara, chimwezve uye mhando: husingaoneki, rinoonekwa-basa uye zvakasikwa mafungiro.

A yoga yeChikoro zvirwere umo pfungwa dzevanhu inopfuura kudzikisirana gwara ndiyo zvokurwara dzaro zviri. Panyaya iyi, iyo nzvimbo zvinochengeterwa nenzira, asi nechemberi pfungwa kuenda kukwana mutongo, musoro kubatana uye zvinangwa. Zvokurwara mukirasi iyi anosanganisira zvinetso kufunga uye fungidziro.

Obessii muvanhu

Zvirwere izvi zviri zvimwe kunzi zvikaramba zviripo. Pfungwa yakadaro involuntary, vasatongwa omunhu nzeve. Vanogona neevamwe nyika tsika dzayo, kwete kuratidza upenyu hwayo. Nokuda kwavo, vanhu mupfungwa kunetesa, asi hapana chokuita navo asingagoni. Nyanyisa pfungwa, pfungwa panoonekwa munhu sezvo yavo, asi nokuti kuti vava kworutivi vari nehasha, majee, maturo, munhu achitambura kubva pakurwisa dzavo. Vanogona kuitika nokuda yaizoitika ezvinhu kana makemikari kukuvara ari prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus.

Overvalued pfungwa mupfungwa

Izvi mutongo sokuti Hakuna Basa, asi vakanga vanozivikanwa somunhu yoga chirwere kwacho - vasingadzoreki mafungiro. Psychology uye wepfungwa parutivi pakubata dambudziko iri, sezvo overvalued pfungwa dzinogona kugadziriswa mupfungwa nzira mukutanga nezvishoma. Munhu zvokurwara ichi Makazviunganidzira imwe pfuma mafungiro, asi mumwe kana chine mazano kuti ikurudzire kuita chiito, hazvirevi kumupa zororo. It chinobatanidza hune nzvimbo pakati zvose pfungwa mupfungwa dzake, uchimhanya munhu uye mupfungwa chavasina uropi kwenguva refu.

Akaberekwa ari kukanganisika pfungwa kwacho

Zviri hunonyadzisa kutyora mafungiro kwacho, nokuti munhu ane pfungwa uye mharidzo regai ienderane ayo tsika, chokwadi, zvakajairika nemitemo pfungwa. Murwere anofunga kodzero dzavo, uye haagoni nechokwadi wechirume.