Perception: mhando yayo uye zvivako

Kudzidza hwakatsaurirwa omumwe yose nyaya iri zvepfungwa, ari chikamu kushanda kwendangariro. It pakarepo anotevera nyaya manzwiro, sendarama nyore mupfungwa romutoo zvikuru kunzwisisa. The wenyaya rinotsanangura maonero, ayo mhando uye zvivako. Mumwe nomumwe izvi ruzivo havagoni kuramba hanya, nokuti maonero sezvo mupfungwa kwacho kunoshamisa, zviri kunyanya unoshamisa, sezvo vachiti, zivo iyi inoshandiswa basa vagadziri, fashoni, vakadzi, varapi, Vagadziri zvigadzirwa siyana, ezvivako, vanyori, vanyori - vose ane basa wakabatana matambudziko nyaya dzevanhu kuburikidza basa ravo.

Pfungwa maonero

In omumwe midziyo nyika (uye zvomukati, zvakare, nenzira), dzimwe nguva chokuita zvose pfungwa, saka kunzwa zvichiitika, uye dzimwe nguva chete vashoma mavari. Asi vanachiremba kumboneta nokudzokorora, kuti omumwe kwacho haringorevi Verengai nezvekufadza: kutarisana, auditory, kunhuwidza, kubata, kunzwa nepakati, kufamba. Zvabatanidzwa, manzwiro aya kukonzera chepfungwa yakasiyana zvachose chichiitwa, iyo yakavakirwa munhu dzevanhu maitiro, uye saka, pachinzvimbo yokupedzisira uwandu mifananidzo mupfungwa pane imwe kumiririrwa zvaakaona. Dzimwe zvinoratidza chokwadi, dzimwe nguva vachikanganisa nayo. Kusarurama unovapo zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri.

neunyengedzi kuti maonero

Vanachiremba vava refu yakaona mapatani ari maonero vanhu vose. Dzinonzi neunyengedzi kuti maonero. Kana mira mitsetse kuwedzera chinhu nemaziso (kureva. E. Subject chete sokuti refu). Kana nokuda kwazvo mashoko necheseri, nyaya iri pakati sokuti kuva zvishoma pane chaiwo chete, asi iri pakanyorwa makuru zvikamu.

A yakasiyana chinoratidza maonero

Wechipiri chikonzero kukanganisa chokwadi iri nedzimwe nzvimbo kuri mumashoko ichi mupfungwa muitiro - apperception. Zvinonzi inobva maonero yevanhu ruzivo muupenyu, ayo tsika, chaidzo zvinodiwa (ona chete chii tinoda kuona). Rimwe shoko kubva zviri yevanhu psyche zvikuru.

Pakati pezvimwe zvivako maonero chikamu Psychology "maonero, mhando yawo uye zvivako" vari zvinotevera: zvinhu sezvazviri (panguva nedanho maonero vakasikwa mupfungwa mufananidzo imwe chinhu, kwete ayo munhu ehupfumi anonzwa dzevanhu nhengo); nguva dzose (invariability munguva uye nzvimbo vakanzwisisa mufananidzo kunyange kana chinhu ikachinja chinzvimbo, zvinofamba mupfungwa dzedu zvachiri, kamwe akaona handishanduki); selectivity (voga kubva vakawanda nekongiri zvinhu); meaningfulness (pfungwa maonero inobatanidzwa nokufunga, kuti vakanzwisisa chinhu wakabatana kurudyi vamboona kana vane ruzivo vawana panguva upenyu muchikwata ichi nhumbi); STRUCTURAL (munhu adzidza dzakachinjwa chinhu kana chiitiko, kana STRUCTURAL zvinhu zvinochengeterwa).

mhando maonero

A nzvimbo mukuru dingindira "maonero, marudzi ayo uye zvivako" kupiwa kupatsanura. Sezvo chokuratidza kuti mhando kuparadzana kwacho zvabuda maonero kutora spatiotemporal maitiro zvakavapo. Nokudaro maonero rakakamurwa: omumwe nguva, nzvimbo uye inofamba. Kushandisa nzira izvi zvinobvumira Maonero yakarurama (kana zvinenge chaizvo) kuziva chinhu kure kubva munhu, sangano rayo kumhanya zvinofungidzirwa uchifamba muchadenga, uye kunyange pamusoro nguva. Tiine kokupedzisira maonero mhando vakarondedzera zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinhu. Kufamba kwenguva kunoita kuti nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva, kana tiri kumirira chimwe chinhu. Kana tikaita chinhu mafaro zvinonakidza, izvozvo "anomhanya" mhanyisa, etc.

Kubva date izvi zvakaitwa nyore chinoratidza maonero, uye ruzivo urwu runobatsira kushanda zivo wepfungwa dzakasiyana nzvimbo nounyanzvi basa, sezvo ambotaurwa munyaya ino.

The Musoro "maonero, marudzi ayo uye zvivako" ari chikamu chirango "General Psychology", uye anorondedzerwa munyaya ruzivo yakakwana parse dingindira iri, asi kudzidza zvose zvinoitwa maonero sezvo yakasiyana nedzimwe pfungwa muitiro hazvirevi kuguma ikoko. Somuenzaniso, kuongorora omumwe chaiko kana zvokuridza mabasa ruzhinji vamiririri kwevanhu (chii Genres ndivo vakawanda vade uye nokuda zvimwe mupfungwa zvechadenga ichi kana kuti nyika) ...