Pupillary dzepanguva uye nezviratidzo kukundwa

Meso muviri nokururamisira kukosha dzose kushanda muviri uye hunogutsa. The huru basa - omumwe chiedza kuitika, uye nokudaro pane mufananidzo.

STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Ndiyo peripheral nhengo pamberi rinokosha mhango pakati yeDehenya, anonzi muchadenga. C. laterally vakakomba ziso tsandanyama, naro zviri inoitwa uye kuzununguswa. Ziso chinosanganisira anoverengeka zvikamu:

1. Pakarepo yeziso, iro rine idenderedzwa chimiro anenge 24 mm pakukura. Inoitwa vitreous, izvo, uye aqueous zvinosetsa. izvi zvose akapoteredzwa membranes matatu: puroteni, vascular pajira riya uye akaronga nekwekupedzesera. Zvinhu, nemhaka iyo Anoshandura mufananidzo, riri pamusoro the retina. zvinhu izvi ndizvo receptors kuti vane hanya chiedza;
2. Sechokudzivirira, chine okumusoro mafungiro ameso, ziso nezvigadziko;
3. Adnexa. The huru zvinoriumba ndivo lacrimal shwanu uye ayo ducts;
4. Oculomotor hurongwa, riri basa racho yeziso uye rinoumbwa tsandanyama;
5. Optic tsinga.

zvinhu mabasa

Huru basa anoitwa chiratidzo - musiyano pakati akasiyana unhu zvinhu, zvakadai kupenya, ruvara, chimiro, kukura mumuviri. Pavanoparidza zvinoitwa nevamwe analyzers (kunzwa, kunhuwidza, etc.) anobvumira waidzora nzvimbo muviri ari muchadenga, asi kuona daro kuti chinhu. Ndokusaka kudzivirira zvirwere ziso yaifanira pamwe enviable kakawanda.

Hupo pupillary dzepanguva

Panguva dzose nokushanda ziso, pasi zvimwe zvekunze siyana anowanikwa atumidzwa pupillary hunenge, umo mboni iri kujekesa kana wakashamira. Pupillary dzepanguva, dzepanguva chinhu chakakombama ndiyo anatomical substrate ari maitiro mudzidzi kuti chiedza uchapupu ziso utano uye yose muviri. Ndokusaka mune dzimwe zvirwere chiremba chokutanga muna macheki pamusoro dzepanguva ichi.

Chii zvingaitwa?

mboni maitiro, kana inonzi pupillary dzepanguva (mamwe mazita - raduzhkovy dzepanguva, dzepanguva iritichesky) ndiyo imwe Kuchinja Linear kukura ziso mudzidzi. Kurambidzwa Kazhinji kunokonzerwa marwadzo ose Iris tsandanyama, uye neizvi muitiro - kutandara - inotungamirira rokuwedzera mboni.

zvinogoneka zvikonzero

Akatumidza wemishonga vamwe dzepanguva mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira, akawanda uko kuonekwa kuchinja padanho okuvhenekesa dzakapoterera nzvimbo. Uyezve, kuchinja mboni saizi anogona kuitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:

• chiito nezvimwe zvinodhaka. Ndokusaka anoshandiswa sezvo nzira diagnosing mamiriro ane ovhadhozi kurapwa kana kunyanya kudzama yokutindivadza;
• kushandura pfungwa nemaonero ari munhu;
• mupfungwa kwehasha, vose akaipa uye zvakanaka zvakaenzana.

Kana pasina mhinduro

Kushaya maitiro mboni kuti chiedza zvingaratidza siyana inoti vanhu vari ngozi kuupenyu uye dzinoda nokukurumidza kupindira nyanzvi.

Scheme pupillary dzepanguva

Tsandanyama kuti kudzora kushanda mboni kunogona kukanganisa kukosha kwayo nyore kana vapinda imwe anotikurudzira kubva kunze. Izvi zvinobvumira iwe kuchinja inflow chiedza iyo anopinda zvakananga kupinda ziso. Kana ziso nhovo kubva kuuya chezuva, uye ipapo kurivhura, mboni, ndiro pre-kuwedzerwa murima, kamwe wakaderedzwa kukura apo chiedza. Pupillary dzepanguva, dzepanguva chinhu chakakombama kunotanga the retina, zvinoratidza zvinoitika nokushanda kwenhengo dzomuviri.

The Iris ane mhando mbiri netsandanyama. Rimwe boka chinhu annular tsandanyama fibers. Innervating parasympathetic fibers ari optic etsinga. Kana izvi tsandanyama chibvumirano, izvi zvinokonzera constriction ari mudzidzi. Rimwe boka riri basa pakuwedzera mboni. Rinosanganisira TOUR tsandanyama fibers ayo innervated ne tsitsi tsinga.

Pupillary dzepanguva redunhu rakanyatsojeka chairwo, zvinotevera kuti. Chiedza ichipfuura akaturikidzana ziso uye refracted mairi anowira zvakananga pamusoro the retina. Photoreceptors, izvo dziri pano, iyi nyaya, ndivo mavambo dzepanguva. Nemamwe mashoko, ichi ndipo nzira rinotanga uye pupillary dzepanguva. Innervation of parasympathetic tsinga sei kushanda sphincter weziso, uye pupillary dzepanguva chinhu chakakombama inosanganisira iri kwayo sezvamunoita. Masero pacharwo anonzi efferent ruoko. Panewo vanonzi nechepakati pupillary dzepanguva, pashure idzo tsinga siyana kuchinja nhungamiro yavo: vamwe vavo kuenda kuburikidza uropi hunde uye chikamu ziso panosangana kuburikidza pamusoro slots, mumwe - kusvikira sphincter yacho mudzidzi. On nzira iyi yaguma. Ndizvo pupillary dzepanguva yapera. Kusavapo kwakadaro maitiro zvingaratidza chimwe kutyorwa muviri, izvo sei kwakunoitwa zvakawanda kukosha.

Pupillary dzepanguva uye nezviratidzo kukundwa

In kudzidza dzepanguva uyu kufungwa wandei zvechadenga kuita:

• ukoshi constriction of mudzidzi;
• kuumba;
• kufanana nemapinduriro;
• famba vevaanodzidzisa.

Pane zvakawanda kwazvo dzakakurumbira pathologies zvichireva kuti accommodative pupillary hunenge uye achishungurudzika, zvichiratidza kuti malfunctions mumuviri:

• Amavroticheskaya kutadza kufamba pamusoro vadzidzi. Fani iyi ndiyo kurasikirwa mberi kuita kana zvakavhenekerwa ziso bofu uye ushamwari maitiro nokuona matambudziko kana asina kuchengetwa. kazhinji zvikonzero ndivo zvirwere siyana pamusoro the retina uye kuona gwara. Kana yaitsigira divi kutadza kufamba mugumisiro amaurosis (retinal maronda), uye pamwe chete pakuwedzera mboni, kunyange zviduku, pane mukana anisocoria (vadzidzi inosiyana). Kana pakakuvara mamwe pupillary maitiro havazobvumirwi kukanganiswa. Kana amaurosis hwapedyo kumativi ose (kureva, meso ose vanokanganiswa panguva imwecheteyo), vadzidzi havana sei, kunyange kana pachena kuti chezuva kumwezve, ndiro pupillary dzepanguva chose vasipo.
• Rumwe rudzi amavroticheskoy kutadza kufamba pamusoro vadzidzi - gemianopicheskaya kutadza kufamba pane mboni. Zvichida pane kukundwa pakati optic turakiti, izvo achiperekedzwa hemianopsia, kureva mapofu hafu kutarisana hwuripo kunoratidzwa pasina pupillary dzepanguva mukuona vose.

• Robertson kutadza kufamba dzepanguva kana syndrome. It nhema pasina zvose zvakananga uye ushamwari maitiro vadzidzi rakakwana. Zvisinei, kusiyana aaimboita kukundwa mhando, panguva convergence akapindura (constriction zviri vadzidzi vari chiitiko kuti muone nezvezvandaifanira nezverimwe) uye pekugara (kuchinja zvimwewo zvinhu umo mune munhu) haisi kuputswa. chiratidzo ichi anokonzerwa yokuti kuchinja zviri kuitika parasympathetic innervartsii maziso kana pane kuparadzwa parasympathetic neerekitironi, ayo fibers. chirwere ichi zvingaratidza kuvapo kwazvo Danho njovhera tsinga, kashoma anoshuma encephalitis chirwere, rouropi (kureva, makumbo), uyewo zvinorwadza kukuvara uropi.

• Mhedziso kana zvakakwana kutadza kufamba pamusoro mudzidzi (ndiko kuti, hazvina kujekesa, uye asingadi kuwedzera zvachose). Kana apindwa danda chiedza mwaranzi mboni chirwere kusavapo zvose zvakananga uye ushamwari pakupindurwa vakurukurirane. Kuumba yakadaro kuita hakusi pakarepo, asi zvishoma nezvishoma. Kazhinji, kuchitanga mitemo vasiri pupillary siyana - mydriasis (mudzidzi dilation), kushaya famba vevaanodzidzisa.

Zvikonzero zvingava kuzvimba ari musimboti, kuti musana kana hunde yacho etsinga anokonzera ziso kufamba, pfungwa iri ciliary muviri, namamota, abscesses posterior ciliary tsinga.