RAM-memory uye inoshandiswa pakushanda kwayo

Nhasi tichataura pamusoro peiyo RAM. Ngatitangei nedzidziso. Chero purogiramu yemakombiyuta inotanga kuurayiwa zvose muhutano hwemamiriro ehupenyu uye zvakananga mumakemikari emakemikari ndeimwe yekodhi yakagadziridzwa yezvikwata zvinonzwisisika uye zero - tsanangudzo yehurumende yezvokuchinja.

Panguva yekushanda, dhizi dzemvura dzinobudiswa, dzinoshandiswa nepakati purogiramu. Kana mapurogiramu ivo pachavo akachengetwa pamadhiki akaoma, maCD nemadhini ekufambisa, ndiko kuti, pane ose aya ane masaisai ayo data asingatongoperi mushure mekugadziriswa kwemasimba, RAM yekuyeuka chinhu chakakosha chigadziri, chakanyatsoenderana nechigadziro chemagetsi pamagetsi ayo ane musoro. Mutsara (RAM) pachawo inobva mumashoko matatu eChirungu - Random Access Memory, iyo inogona kushandurwa sekusanganisa kusanganikwa. MuchiRussia, izwi rokuti "RAM" rinonyanya kuzivikanwa sekusanganikwa kwepamusoro. Mashoko maviri aya anorondedzera chaizvo chaizvo izvo RAM iri.

Gwaro guru rebasa

RAM-memory yakaiswa mumakombiyuta, iri nyore kwazvo kudzidza: iyo yakagadzirirwa chips yakaiswa kunheyo-duku ndogo textolite shawl ine mitsetse miviri yehutu hwekutsvaira mutsvuku, iyo inosanganiswa nechokubatanidza chebhobhobhodhi. Dzimwe nguva mahechekiti aya anonzi slats, kana, kunyanya chaizvo, modules. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvibatanidza, zvinogona kuva nezviverengero. Nhamba yose iyo yakabatana RAM-memory yakatarwa nehutano hweiyo yakaiswa microcircuits. Kana tikataura nezvechigadzirwa nenzira yakajeka, ipapo mumwe nomumwe wavo akaisa shanduko - magetsi semiconductor. Ihwo hunoshamisa hwechikamu ichi ndechokuti kuburikidza nekubatsirwa kwemashoko akajeka dunhu rimwe rinogona kudzora nyika yaro: kuti riite ikozvino (zvinovhura) kana kwete (yakavharwa).

Nokudaro, nekunyoresa encoding, zvinokwanisika kuita shanduko ku binary majeri. Semuenzaniso, nyika yakazaruka isunyanzvi, uye nyika yakavharwa is zero. Mushure mekushandura, dutu rekudzivirira rinodiwa kuti ritsigire nyika yakasarudzwa. Ndicho chikonzero kana iwe ukabvisa simba, iyo data yose yakachengetwa muR RAM inoparara zvakashata, sezvo vatenderi vanodzokera kune zvematongerwe enyika. Izvo chete ndeyekufambisa kwemoto, uko memori ye RAM inorongwa zvakasiyana, sezvo shanduko ye transistors ine gedhi rinoputika inoshandiswa. Asi iyi nyaya yakasiyana zvachose.

Ngatitii purogiramu inomhanya inofanira kuchengetedza (yeuka) nhamba. Iyo inogadziridza inoshandura iyo kuva yakagadzikana yezvigaro uye inovatumira kune mutungamiri, iyo inoshandura hurumende yenhamba inodiwa yezvishandise mu RAM chips. Mushure mokunge, nhamba ichachengetwa imomo kusvikira chivharo chekuvhara (simba) chichimira kana kuti murairo wokurasikirwa unogadzirwa.

Kukosha kwekombiyuta

RAM inhengo inonyanya kukosha yekombiyuta. Pasina iyo, basa harigoneki. Mukuwedzera, kukurumidza kwechirongwa kunosvika pamwero wakakura pahuwandu hwazvo uye maitiro. Izvi zvakajeka: chero purogiramu inyorera kuchengetedza masero kwete imwe nhamba (semuenzaniso uri pamusoro), asi yakawanda. Nokudaro, pangave pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo pasina mavara ehurukuro. Muchiitiko ichi, dambudziko risingadikanwi rinorambidzwa pa disk rakaoma, kana zvimwe zvekushanda zvinosungirwa kuvhara. Zvose izvi zvinotora nguva. Hazvishamisi kuti chiyeuchidzo chemitambo - idzi mapurogiramu anonyanya kuda, inofanira kuva yepamhanzi yakawanda (kunyanya, zviri nani). Kana zvisina kudaro, mumutambo wekutamba, pachava nekunonoka, jerks.