Rondedzera muitiro zvokudya kugaya uye hydra: ine physiology pamusoro coelenterates

"Rondedzera chirongwa kugaya zvokudya uye hydra" - kuti aite basa rakadaro vachadyara kwete zvose. Pashure chikoro zvidzidzo zvemhuka kosi hakusi zvokutadza hwakadzama funga shoko. Pamwe chete, ngatiregei kuzorodza uye ruzivo rwedu kutarisa sei hydra vanodzirurira.

Structural zviri Hydra

Freshwater hydra chaiwo mumiririri norudzi Coelenterata. It muenzaniso zvipuka zvine masero akawanda mhuka kudzidza sei ichi hurongwa kubatana. Chimiro Hydra chakafanana dzinde duku, izvo wanamatira nechigadziko. Vanogona kushanda pasi dziva, matombo kana zvimwe substrate. Panguva vakasununguka kumagumo muviri yaiva tentacles. With simba ravo hydra anovhima mhuka duku zvinogara mumvura zvakadai ciliates, crustaceans diki kana dzimwe nguva kunyange furaya hove.

Specialization masero

Tikaramba aite basa "Tsanangura chirongwa kugaya zvokudya uye hydra". Kuti tinzwisise mubvunzo uyu, tanga iwe uzive sei kuronga mhuka iyi. Pasinei nokuti hydra ndiyo zvipuka zvine masero akawanda, chinokosha ndiripo iye haana. Asi muviri wake aumbwa haisi masero chete, uye kushandiswa, mumwe mhando izvo anoita kwayo ushande. Saka, vachibatsirwa ganda uye tsandanyama Hydra unotii. Asi masero etsinga akapararira muviri, akaita ukama zvakatipoteredza. Kune muviri hydra uye gametes - mazai uye urume. Ivo vanoita muitiro zvepabonde kubereka coelenterates.

Chii uye sei zvokudya pamusoro Hydra

mhuka duku-celled uye vertebrate, izvo kufamba pedyo Freshwater hydra, muri wake chinhu nyore chaizvo chaakapamba. Animal anovabata pamwe tentacles uye akatuma munzvimbo intestinal lumen mamwe kugaya. Asi kuti mhuka asati paralyzes nyama yawo. Features Hydra vari pamberi masero anopedza. Mumwe nomumwe wavo une umo kusarurama neshinda ane Kamudzira. Sero Top anopedza inonyatsoziva bvudzi. Kana totaura akuvara, neshinda kwaanoda uye zvakasimba akamubaya kupinda mumuviri. With ichi mukurima muchetura anopinda muviri, chose paraliziruyuschy. Sero anopedza anoita dzayo basa kamwe chete, ndokufira. Asi muviri hydra hwodoonekereswa itsva. Izvi imhaka weboka masero dzidzo, iyo kukonzera mamwe marudzi ose.

intestinal mhango

Saka, nemhaka kwakarongeka basa tentacles uye masero anopedza kugadzirwa zvachose mune intestinal lumen ari hydra. Pano zviri pachena kuti makemikari masero glandular. Ivo zvibereko zvoutachiona catalysts, pasi chiito icho chikuru chikamu kudya ipazwe zvimedu. Zvinonzi kune zvomudumbu hurongwa pakubhadhara ose Representatives Coelenterates yakavharwa mhando. Zviri zvikuru chinyakare marongerwo uye hunomiririrwa chete muromo yokutanga uye intestinal mhango. Zvikamu yasara zvisipo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti undigested chikafu masarasara vanobviswa kubudikidza muromo. Chokwadi, ichi zvomudumbu kwava nyore chaizvo uye chinyakare. Zvisinei, kana tiri funga nezvenyaya muchiedza-shanduka, tinogona kuona uye mberi zvinhu. Kana tanga mhuka zvipuka zvine masero akawanda - shaya - Power mupise muitiro aimiririra dzinodyiwa nezvimedu kubva mumvura, hydra vakazvimiririra kuvhima, izvozvo ane analogue omumuviri uye anoita makemikari kurapwa zvokudya. Saka kuti mamiriro anogona kunzi pakava ne chinoabatsira. Pano isu zvishomanana kuchigaro kupindura "Tsanangura chirongwa kugaya zvokudya uye hydra".

cellular kugaya

Asi mhango intestinal kugaya kwacho hydra, kufanana coelenterates zvose hakungoitwi. Mushure disintegration kupinda zviduku zvimedu zvacho vari kutarisana nemamwe unyanzvi masangano. masero ichi zvomudumbu kuti zvinowanika yomukati rukoko muviri Freshwater hydra. Vane flagella yavo, zvinokwanisa kuita kuti vaunze Hova yemvura. Naye zvokudya zvasvika pose masero aya. Next, vanobata rutsoka wake venhema. Saka zvokudya mukati masero kushandiswa. Iyi inzvimbo chokupedzisira chokutambudzika kugaya kwacho. Painoguma iri zvomudumbu vacuoles vachishandisa hydrolytic makemikari. Rinotaurawo akaumba undigested residues vanobviswa kubudikidza muromo.

Saka, nokuti Freshwater hydra panguva hwokufananidzira kugaya pakubhadhara maviri: cavernous uye cellular. Wokutanga rinowanikwa mune intestinal lumen Via masero glandular secrete makemikari kuti kugaya zvokudya. Wechipiri mukunopera. Ndiwo maitiro specialized masero uye zvomudumbu vacuoles. Ndinofunga kuti zvino basa "Tsanangura chirongwa kugaya zvokudya uye hydra" haungavhenekeri munhu dambudziko.