Sculpin nyama erudzi: mapikicha uye muchidimbu yakakurumbira nzombe dzinoita

All dzemarudzi mhou vakakamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu zvikuru: nyama, dheri, uye nyama uye dheri. Chokwadi, zvikuru nevanhu mombe mhando ndiyo yechipiri. Zvisinei, nyama mhou mumapurazi akabata kazhinji. Nemhuka dzemarudzi, kune vazhinji. Chinonyanya mukurumbira iri Russia chete shanu.

The huru kupatsanura

Meat erudzi nzombe, akavapindurawo, vanokamurwa muzvikwata mikuru mitatu:

• British mavambo. boka iri rinosanganisira Aberdeen Angus, Galloway, Hereford uye Shorthorn erudzi. The chikuru chinoratidza kwemarudzi iri mhou precocity. The yakanakisisa nyama erudzi mhuru boka iri - Hereford uye Aberdeen Angus.

• Franco-Italian mavambo - chiedza Aquitania, Charolais, Maine-Anjou, kianskaya, markidzhanskaya, Piedmont, Simmental. Common zviri zvipenyu izvi vanoonekwa inorema uye kunonoka ichiibvira. In nyama mhuru muboka iri rine mafuta akawandisa.

• Zebuvidnyh rora itsva, zvinobva kwavari. boka iri rinosanganisira Brangus, Santa Gertrudis, bramuzinskaya, Canche uye t. D. The chinosiyanisa zvinhu yakakura, anochinjika kuti vakuchidzire, kuramba parasitic zvirwere.

Popular nyama runouyisa nzombe muRussia

In nyika yedu unowanzosangana kumuramba akasiyana nyama mhou dzakadaro:

• Kazakh Whitehead. Yakanga yaunganidzwa kuyambuka British Hereford uye nemakanzuru Kazakh-Kalmyk vemo. Rudzi iri akaberekwa muna USSR iri rechitatu remakore rechimakumi maviri okutanga.

• Aberdeen Angus. erudzi urwu rwaiwanikwa muScotland.

• Hereford. Akaberekwa muna England zvemunzvimbo isingabereki mombe.

• Limousin. The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo emhou ndiye France.

• Kalmyk. It rakava kutanga nhamba munyika yedu. Rave akaberekwa kwenguva refu runochengeta rwamarudzi Kalmyks.

Kazakh Whitehead

Miti iyi akaberekwa muna zvinenge zvose kumatunhu nyika yedu. Sculpin nyama dzinoita (Kazakh chena) ane:

• mapfupa simba;

• makumbo pfupi;

• dhiramu hunde, vashoma chiine yechando jasi.

Hunooma, musana uye mumagakava zvive zvakasiyana-siyana izvi tsvuku, uye makumbo, dumbu, musoro uye chipfuva - chena. Rudzi kunoratidzwa precocity uye yakakwirira chaizvo goho nyama - 58-68%. Adult gobies tisvike huremu 900 makirogiramu. Zvichienderana nharaunda uye mararamiro ekupedzisira mufananidzo anogona ngazviwedzerwe kana yakaderera kusvika 200-300 makirogiramu.

Mumwe chinosiyanisa zvaiva Kazakh chena iri kuti zvakanaka kushivirira kupisa. Kura erudzi urwu kunyanya mafuro michina. Gobies nyama dzinoita (mufananidzo wataurwa pamusoro peji, vanoratidza dzavo chaizvo kukura) kakawanda asi whimsical kuti zvokudya. For chena-Kazakh izvozvo anenge asingadi kushanda. In yechando, mhuka idzi pane uswa kunyange akabvumira zvokudya uswa.

Kalmyk erudzi

Gobies uyewo akatunhidzwa Miti iri munyika yedu kwese. Huru zvinhu zviri Kalmyk erudzi:

• chiedza marangwanda;

• kirisendi-zvakaumbwa nyanga;

• kuvapo occipital penyika mumusoro.

Vazhinji mhou izvi vane dzvuku jasi ruvara pamwe nyora chena. Dzimwe nguva kunewo shava-checker suit chaiyo. Paavhareji nzombe uremu mukuru Kalmyk ndiye 950 makirogiramu, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinogona kusvika 1100 makirogiramu.

The kukurumbira kwazvakaita ichi kubva varimi dzakakundwa zvikurukuru pamusana wayo earliness uye isingawanzowanikwi mano nokukurumidza nazhirovke. Mumatsutso, pamberi chando, nzombe nyama erudzi - Kalmyk - kunyanya kuunganidza matura zvinovaka muviri (mafuta ari muchimiro "machena" akaturikidzana).

Paganda mhou rudzi urwu rine migumo inoverengeka sebaceous mumasero. Nokuda vakadaro features, mhuka idzi dzinosiyana kusava kuti kunayisa. Uyewo, mhou izvi pasi ganda ndiko mafuta layer runovabvumira nyore uchatamisa nokupisa, uye kutonhora. Izvi features, maererano masayendisiti, haana zvimwe rudzi nyama mhuru. Vamwe kubvisa Kalmyk erudzi anoonekwa kuti tichinetseka nokushaiwa mvura.

Aberdeen-Angus nzombe mhuru

On muganhu Russia erudzi urwu akatunhidzwa kunyanya Volga nharaunda, Bryansk uye Kaluga kumatunhu. Uyewo, mhou izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa North Caucasus uye nechepakati kumatunhu munyika. The chikuru zviratidzo Aberdeen Angus vari:

• woita hupfupi hunde;

• Makumbo pfupi uye mutsipa;

• musoro diki ane akakurumbira huma;

• tsandanyama musana, loin uye nebemhe;

• dzakaonda Loose ganda ane kuti munhu faibha;

• hornless (vakabvunzurudzwa).

Vazhinji nzombe nemhou erudzi urwu ane ruvara rima. mhuka Adult tisvike huremu 850 makirogiramu. Rora siyana ichiibvira uye yakakwirira nyama yepamusoro. Chitunha goho anogona kusvika 70%.

The chikuru zvakwakanakira erudzi urwu mhou vanoonekwa zvakasimba kwadzakabva chero mamiriro okunze, wembereko uye nyore calving. Zvinosuruvarisa nzombe nyama erudzi Aberdeen Angus angave zvoupengo dzikamisa uye kunyange kuratidza utsinye kune vanhu. Izvi anonzi nemhinganidzo yakakura kwazvakaita ichi.

Hereford nzombe mhuru

erudzi urwu ndiyo yechipiri pakukura nzvimbo muRussia mushure Kalmyk. Akaipetenura muna Orenburg, kuChelyabinsk, Saratov uye Rostov kumatunhu uyewo muna Altai Territory. The huru zvinhu ndivo vamiririri:

• squat dhiramu muviri;

• vakakurumbira zvikuru dewlap.

Ruvara gobies Hereford nyama erudzi muri rima dzvuku. Panyaya iyi, pasi petsoka, musoro, uye dumbu dewlap hunooma - vari chena. Muviri uremu vakura steers erudzi urwu 850-1000 makirogiramu mhou - 550-650 makirogiramu. In ichi pakuuraya goho riri 58-62%. Rudzi ndiko husingakwanisi mamiriro rwakashata ekunze uye anotambanudza.

Limousin mhou

Gobies ichi mhando kwakakurumbira munyika yedu hakusi kupararira sezvo pamatombo, asi achiri dzimwe nguva akaberekwa varimi (anenge 1,8% yose inowanwa) sokurondedzerwa pamusoro. Huru zviratidzo limuzinskogo RNC vari:

• dzakaonda marangwanda;

• dzakabudirira musculature;

• Makumbo simba uye nemahwanda;

• mumwe sacrum.

Color nyama erudzi nzombe limuzinskoj vave tsvuku, shava kana yendarama mashava (nyanga uye mahwanda chiedza). Nyama yemhuka idzi pane zvishoma mafuta. Limuzinskoj erudzi mombe inogona kusvika Zviidzo 580-1100 makirogiramu. Slaughter goho - 63-65%.

Fattening nzombe nyama dzinoita - zviri kakawanda zvinobetsera. Chikonzero ndechokuti nyore. Meat kubva mombe yakadaro ichazivikanwa noku "dzemabhura" uye yakanaka-fibered, uye, saka, inodhura. Kurema padombo kupfuura zvose kuwana nokukurumidza, uye vari kutarisirwa yakasiyana ruggedness.