Seabuckthorn: maruva, vachidyara uye hanya nemarudzi noruwa

Saka Chikwata zhinji havasi kumeso chaizvo kutaura richibva pamusoro pegungwa buckthorn, achifunga izvozvo chipingamupinyi chaizvo chirimwa yakashapa michero. Kunyange pashure kubvisa zvinomera vakwegura iri vakawanda awo. zvainovhiringidzawo zvose izvi vane mhuka gungwa buckthorn muti. Asi ano akasiyana netsika achazvikomborera kufadza chero webindu.

A zvishoma tsika ...

Buckthorn muti - ndiwo chakajairika chirimwa munyika yedu. Large nemagariro mumatenhere zvinowanikwa Central Asia uye Caucasus, Altai uye kuBaltic States, uyewo Eastern uye Western kuSiberia. Kubvira kare, gungwa buckthorn muchero rinoshandiswa kupatsanurwa uye yakachena.

Gungwa buckthorn sechinhu decoration mutsika vakatanga kuwanda makore 150 akapfuura. Industrial rutoto mhando munyaya Institute of Horticulture pavo. Lisavenko MA, umo akawanda vaizotibata zvikuru kwemarudzi avapo. Kufarira kugungwa buckthorn akatanga kuratidza mumakore gumi adarika, apo zvinobatsira ehupfumi Zvibereko zvazivikanwa.

In Mafuro buckthorn vakatanga kupararira forties. Yakabuda munharaunda anoonga vepahofisi Botanical Garden of Moscow State University Trofimov TT Pari tsika Zvaifadza kupararira namafuro. Kuti abudirire kukura muti uye kugamuchira yokukohwa, zvinokosha kuziva zvimwe zviri mugungwa buckthorn yokudyara uye kumuriritira kwaaiita.

kukosha gungwa buckthorn

Culture kukurumbira imhaka yaro incredible zvinobatsira ehupfumi. Kudzidza anotumbuka buckthorn, vashoma uzivewo, asi zvinoita sokuti zvibereko zvayo, aizivikanwa zvose. Small inopenya michero ane mavhitaminzi B, P, B2, E, B, C uye carotene (provitamin A). Uyezve, michero yakapfuma manganese, simbi, Boron, magnesium, sarufa, aruminiyamu, titanium nesilicon. Nechokunze, ivo manune drupe inonaka uye anovava kana acidic kuravira yemwoyo acids. Acid kugutsikana mune mhando dzakasiyana Chokwadi, akasiyana, kushingaira zvinoriumba anoda kubva imwe mana muzana. Asi shuga zviri mukati 1,6 - 6.4%. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kwete chete zvibereko tsika rusununguko pachisikirwo chaizvo zvinokosha. Buckthorn mashizha Somuenzaniso, ane zvakawanda mavhitaminzi C uye A. Sezvo nhamba michero ichiibvira achirova mashizha mavhitaminzi mu kuderedzwa zvinoshamisa.

Achitaura pamusoro kubatsira ehupfumi iri tsika, zvinokosha kuyeuka pamusoro mafuta gungwa buckthorn, riri kuvapfumi kupfuura zvose anozivikanwa miriwo miti iri nhamba zviri pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu. Zvinonzi kushingaira kushandiswa pakurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, zviri kunyanya vanobudirira nezvinetso ganda - frostbite, kutsva, nemwaranzi makuvaro.

In chevarwere mushonga, gungwa buckthorn yagara ichishandiswa kurapa rheumatism, uye matambudziko gastrointestinal.

Ko buckthorn zvinokuvadza?

Pasinei nezvose zvayo zvinobatsira zvivako, gungwa buckthorn kunogona kukuvadza vanhu vanotambura neutachiona. Uyezve, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti michero ine yakawanda acids, izvo zvinokuvadza pfungwa nomuviri zvemwana asati, cholecystitis uye kuzvimba duodenum.

Biological zviri tsika

Seabuckthorn chinhu wokubaya yakakwana uye mapazi mugwenzi, izvo rinosvika kukwirira 3.5 metres. Culture anogona kuva chimiro muti kuna nhanhatu mamita dzakakwirira. Hunde yacho chirimwa inotaurwa blackish mashava kana rima pfumbu kuhukura. Asi buckthorn mashizha vane maitiro maviri-mavara mavara: sirivha nechepasi uye mutema pamusoro. Under akanaka ezvinhu, tsika nokukurumidza achipinda kukura.

Kana uye sei maruva buckthorn?

Zvisinei, kune chimwe chinhu. Zvakasikwa, pane vechirume zvirimwa. Asi sei kusiyanisa vechirume gungwa-buckthorn - ndiwo mubvunzo kuti une nguva dzose aifarira ose Chikwata vane chinangwa kuwana goho. Kana nzvimbo iwe kudyara miti ngochani, haugoni kuwana michero pavo. The ndechokuti tsika mhepo-mukume, kunyange dzimwe nguva pane mhando seruva zvepabonde nevarume uyewo nevakadzi.

In kuti ndidyare mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vose varume navakadzi, zvinokosha kunzwisisa sei kusiyanisa varume mukadzi buckthorn. Zvinosuruvarisa Chikwata mukutanga mumatanho kuwana kusawirirana rinenge shamisa. Vanova kuoneka zvishoma kubva nguva kuisa nemaruva. On gono gungwa-buckthorn akakura zvikuru kupfuura ari munhukadzi. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti vari kuisa nhungirwa makore maviri. Kudzidza anotumbuka buckthorn, vanhu vashoma vanoziva. Izvi nokuti tsika maruva zvikuru asazivikanwa, saka yaitwa anonhuwira maapuro, mapichisi uye Cherry hapana anoona.

Miti anotumbuka muna May kana April. Maruva aonekwa pamwe mashizha. Zvisinei, kwomurume pamakwenzi vane yakasiyana ruvara. On hadzi gungwa-buckthorn vari yellowish, asi vanhu - a silvery mashava. Beautiful maruva haazorambi zita. Flowers buckthorn ikakuruma Kubatanidza pamwechete mashizha uye saka chisanyanya kuoneka.

chirimwa zvibereko

Mushure maruva, akasungirirwa zvibereko ripen muna August kana September. Juicy drupes zvingava orenji kana yakatsvuka. Zvibereko gungwa yomusango buckthorn pamwero muduku, pamusoro pizi. Vari kwazvo dzine akaronga pamapazi, apo chirimwa pakuzivikanwa se "gungwa buckthorn". Zvibereko vane akasiyana pakubika uye shungu-yakashapa kuravira. Kana havana kubviswa pamuti, muchero anogona vanonyatsoteerera pamatavi yechando zvose.

kudyara gungwa buckthorn

Buckthorn vakasimwa chitubu uye kwematsutso. Kazhinji, zvinomera wakasimwa muchirimo, midzi saka nani, nokuti hadzityisidziri yechando tembiricha madonhwe. Nokuti muduku mizambiringa yakabva kumwe sezvo kunyanya kupisa nokutonhora zvinogona kukuvadza zvikuru.

Yakafanira yokudyara gungwa muchirimo buckthorn ndechechokwadi chokuti chirimwa vachaitazve midzi. Zvisinei, zvinofanira rinorondedzerwa pachine pamwe zvizivikanwe, inofanira dzakashandisa mamiriro ezvinhu ari kwaunogara. Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe nani kutenga mu nemaruva kuongororwa uye kwete pamisika. Saka unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti yatenga chirimwa emarudzi kuti akakusarudzai.

Nokuti buckthorn buckthorn zvinokosha kusarudza zvakarurama nzvimbo yenyu nzvimbo. Zvatinofarira anopiwa kuti kunyarara kunzvimbo kure basa mumunda muriwo mabasa. Chikonzero ndechokuti chirimwa ane threadlike midzi, izvo riri yokumusoro ivhu akaturikidzana. Kuti tidzivise kukuvara kana kuchera kuti aikosha yokudyara tsika panzvimbo isina nzvimbo. Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti seabuckthorn anoda unshaded chiedza nzvimbo.

Kunyange kuwa anogona kugadzirira nzvimbo yokudyara. Kuti aite izvi, ivhu anofanira kuwedzera manyowa uye jecha zvienzane zvikuru, uye haangazvidembi kuvhiringidza phosphorus-potassium zvokuwedzera. Daro pakati pemiti zvinofanira kuva metres dzinenge dzakawanda. Kana uchironga kuwana goho, unofanira kudyara kanenge 3-4 zvinomera. zvirimwa shanu hadzi zvakakwana chimwe munhurume.

Muitiro yekudyara muti kana shrub yakasiyana kunzwisisa. Wakagadzirira Buri 70 * 70 * 70 cm nechepasi izvo zvaunoda kuti murwi, musi uyo mujinga kutambanudzira midzi yavo. Zvino gomba yakazara ivhu zvishoma pamusoro mudzi chipika. Around richi- kura mbesa achazvikomborera vanofanira kuumba buri kuti kuriteurira. Two migomo mvura achava yakakwana yokudiridza.

Care tsika

Description buckthorn yaizova kukwana kana kutaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro zvinofanira hanya naye. Young mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vanoda kugara achidiridzira, nokuti tsika zvinoreva unyoro-rudo. Pakangotanga chirimwa achawana simba, ipapo kakawanda achidiridzira kunogona kuderedzwa. Chikwata ruzivo vari zano haana Kufudza pristovolny denderedzwa yakafanira shnuropopodobnoy midzi. Asi pashure buckthorn ruva uye muchero kuoneka, muti unogona energize zvicherwa uye Organic fetiraiza. Izvi zvinoitwa kamwe chete pamakore matatu.

kuchengeta miti kunosanganisirawo kubviswa sora. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kuitwa nokungwarira kuitira kuparadza midzi. Nezvekugadzirwa korona uye kuchekerera kunofanira kuitwa muchirimo kusvikira chipande. Blooming buckthorn chero zvazvingava hazvibviri kukuvadza. Pashure kusvika makore 8 chirimwa inofanira kugara akatema kuti chinangwa rejuvenation. Kuti aite izvi, kubvisa mabukira mutana, uye siya-gore matatu. Uyezve, iwe unofanira zvechokwadi. akachena podmerzshie uye zvikamu hosha pematanda.

Usakanganwa pamusoro kudiridza miti vakura. Dzimwe nguva kunyange rakaoma nguva dzakasimba miti anogona uchawomesa kunze kana kurasikirwa kukohwa.

How kusarudza mugiredhi noruwa?

Nemhaka yokushanda zvakaoma chirimwa Breeders zvino zvinoita kuti atore siyana kukura chero munzvimbo yacho. Chirimwa rinobereka zvibereko zvakanaka mune kwemamiriro okunze Central Russia, izvo zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kusarudza mugwaro rworudyi gungwa buckthorn noruwa. Kuti tinzwisise vorudzii Unoisa kudiwa kuziva chii parameters vakakosha kwauri: ubereke, nguva kuibvisa, kuravidza, winterhardiness, muchero saizi, ukuru wevasungwa kwemafuta, zviri zvokudya, kushaya minzwa prickles.

Chikwata ruzivo vanokurudzira kuteerera zvinotevera maonero pamusoro Moscow mamakisi:

1. Lomonosov. muti uyu ndiye svikiro kukura minzwa shoma. Red-Orange zvibereko muri elongated uye zvinozipa-yakashapa kuravira.
2. Anonhuwira. Srednerosloe chirimwa rurefu goho. Michero pulp ane pachena munhuwi chihenge.
3. Botanical mudzidzi. Srednerosloe muti vaine goho uye makuru Orange michero.
4. Botanical anonhuhwirira. Srednerosloe muti pamwe Orange-tsvuku zvibereko zvinogona kupa kusvika makirogiramu 14 chirimwa.
5. Excellent. Early achikura siyana mukuru yauinayo.

kubereka buckthorn

Buckthorn kuwedzerwa nenzira dzinotevera: ne mbeu, cheka uye mabukira. Seed nzira zvachose basa, zviri chaizvo nguva yakawanda, uye zvichiguma miti havazogari nhaka aida unhu mubereki muti.

Asi kana ruminant nhungirwa duku mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vane unhu sezvo mubereki chirimwa. For Chikwata kuva buckthorn mubindu, iri kupfuura yakakunakira nzira yokuwana mizambiringa yakabva kumwe nzira iri utachiona. Spring webazi, riri pana pasi akafukidzwa pasi. Zvishoma nezvishoma prikopalis Matavi achaparadza. chitubu Next, vanogona kuchera, kubviswa huru chirimwa uye chirimwa kuti nzvimbo itsva.

Asi chemhando yepamusoro makopi pakudyara anobudiswa neZvapupu kusonanidzwa. Kuti aite izvi, racherwa matavi, muitiro wavo "Kornevinom", uye akabva awedzera dropwise ari nyoro substrate pakati chirimo. Top chifukidziro pamwe ichangotanga kumera kuraswa nemikombe kuwana Mini-Teplička. Cheka zvinofanira kugara wakadiridzwa uye kuti fefetedza. Pashure kwemavhiki masere, yokuvanda pamusoro pavo anogona kubviswa uye mberi nokutarisira kusvikira yechirimo. Pakatanga kupisa kumiti miduku wakasimwa panzvimbo zvachose.

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti gungwa buckthorn - a zvepabonde nevarume uyewo nevakadzi chirimwa, uye saka zvechokwadi mune imwe nzvimbo anofanira kukura mukono nehadzi zvinomera, zvikasadaro haumbofi kwete kumirira kukohwa.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, oblipihu nhomba. Musi iwoyo muti unogona vachabatanidzwa mapazi vechirume mhuka. The okutambirwa chirimwa ichi - anoedza pfungwa, asi kwete nguva dzose noitika muupenyu chaihwo. Batanidza Pagon kwete zvakanaka nguva dzose acclimatized zvishoma nezvishoma kuoma panze, kudzivisa kukura. Asi zvakadaro ukoshi vachiedza.

kukohwa

Unganidzai kukohwa kukuru gungwa buckthorn - hakusi nyore. basa nguva zvinoda kuti tipedze zvakakwana nguva yakawanda. nemarudzi dzakawanda michero vane pfupi chaizvo padzinde rimwe, saka kutanha muchero hakusi nyore. Uyezve, unofanira kushanda nokungwarira, nekuti perespevshie michero nokukurumidza crumple. Usakanganwa pamusoro unopinza minzwa anorwadza maoko enyu.

Vamwe Chikwata vanokurudzira nyore, achicheka miti chetatu mapazi pamwechete pakukohwa. Pakutanga, saka kutanha michero kwapera nyore uye dzichimhanya, uye chepiri matavi inogona kuchengetwa kwenguva refu ari pamwe nezvibereko mukamuri. Hazvina zvakafanira kunetseka pamusoro vakatongoparadzwa Pagon. Panzvimbo yavo ichamuka kukura mutsva muchirimo, izvo zvichaita zvibereko makore maviri. Muti usingabereki kutambudzika pairi, nokuti ose vanobva uchange zvibereko Kubvisa matavi okuberekwa.

Zvirwere, izvo pachena kuti tsika nemagariro

Kare zvaifungwa kuti gungwa buckthorn pachena chose kune ose zvirwere. Zvisinei, zvakawanda zvakatanga kujairwa mumapindu edu, zvakawanda vachengeti vakaona kuti tsika iri pachena kuti zvose akakoromorwa nevamwe bindu miti: nemavhairasi, fungal uye kwemabhakitiriya.

The inonyanya buckthorn kukanganisa zvirwere zvakadai:

1. Endomikoz - a fungal chirwere inooneka pakutanga August chibereko, zvokuti zvinova flabby uye akazadzwa pfumbu madzihwa. Kuvimbika michero yaputswa, ivo inotaura Urume kuti anopararira endomikoz mberi. Pakurapa chirwere ikarapwa (mbiri-pavaipfuura) muti Bordeaux mvura (1%). Nguva yokutanga muti ikarapwa pakarepo mushure maruva, uye wechipiri - pakati July.
2. Black kenza. Hosha kunooneka pacharo muchimiro mavara matema pamapazi makuru. Munzvimbo dzakadaro, kuti goko akatendeuka vatema uye rinowira zvishoma, uye kuorera mazviri huni. Sezvo kuchirapa matanho pamusoro chirwere kwakadaro kubviswa dzaparadzwa uye hosha huni omuti, pakwakanga matsva zvidimbu zvakaipa pamwe musanganiswa hwemhangura sulfate uye mullein nevhu.
3. Blackleg kunokonzerwa ivhu notumwe. Zvinokanganisawo vaduku mizambiringa yakabva kumwe chete. Kuti tizvidzivirire anofanira akamwisa vaduku zvinomera vane mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate.
4. Gwati kunokonzerwa notumwe uye kunokanganisa muchero, mashizha uye vechiduku mabukira, izvo kwete chete kunotungamirira kune kupwa mapazi, asiwo yose muti. Kana ukacherechedza pakati muzhizha pamusoro michero kupenyerera makwapa matema, ndiko mhezi. Zvishoma nezvishoma, maperembudzi anoenda vaduku pamatavi. Kuti tizvidzivirire tinofanira gore negore kubudisa utsanana kuchekerera muti in autumn, ichipfuta marara. Uyezve, mazuva 20 asati kukohwa anofanira kupatsanurwa buckthorn Bordeaux mvura (1%).
5. Brown uye ndachena muforoma, kazhinji kunooneka pacharo muna July munguva kuchinaya nguva. Gray muforoma kunokonzera kuunyana michero uye chinokurwadzai pakuonekwa shava makwapa muchero. Utachiona zvinomera varumbidzwa kutema nokupisa.

zvipukanana gungwa buckthorn

Zvikuru ngozi udyi nokuda muti:

1. Sandthorn mol. Makonye pinda mumba zvimba namabukira nokuvaparadza mukati. Nzira inobudirira zvikuru pakugadzirisa sechifusi achikurukura karbofosom tsika.
2. Sandthorn nhunzi anokwanisa kuparadza zvirimwa yose. Tupukanana kanowanikwa mid-June. muchero Nhunzi mazana sei mukati. Somunhu chokudzivirira nechiyero tinoratidza kurapa huni July hlorofosom.
3. Sandthorn aphid anodya nemashizha uye muto nemapazi vaduku. Tupukanana uchagara pamusoro neizvi rutivi jira ndiro, zvichiita dzinokanganisa uye anotendeuka tsvuku. Chikwata zhinji mukurwisa inda dzemuriwo kushandisa yekare nemakwenzi, kubudiswa matanda infusions fodya kana hanyanisi svuura. Kana nzira idzi hadzibatsiri, unogona kushandisa karbofosom.
4. Buckthorn pamuShuramiti - a Tupukanana chiduku duku kuti sucks kuti muto unobva mashizha, zvoita kuti idonhe. Sezvo nzira kudzora mites vanogona kushandisa chete dambudziko kana pakurwisa inda dzemuriwo.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Kukudziridza gungwa buckthorn hapana chakasiyana chinetso kuita inokosha nemitemo hanya, unogona kuwana chirimwa kuti michero yakanaka kusimba chinobatsira. Zvisinei zvinokosha kuti vakwanise kutaura kusarudzwa akakodzera siyana kuti mudunhu renyu. Chikwata ruzivo dzinorumbidza kupa predpochenie regionalized VaNefirimu. Pakuunganidza mizambiringa yakabva kumwe zvakanaka ndiko vabudirire kurima tsika.