Sei munhu capacitor ari AC vematunhu?

Kana ari AC simba wedzerai zvakabatana kuti resistor, magetsi uye voltage mudunhu chero pfungwa iri nguva dhayagiramu vari Proportional kune mumwe. Izvi zvinoreva kuti makakombama ose kuitika uye voltage kuchasvika "yepamusorosoro" tsika panguva imwe chete. Muchiitiko ichi tichiti magetsi uye voltage vari kuyaruka.

Iye zvino ngatikurukurei kuti zvichakanganisa kuzvibata vari capacitor AC vematunhu.

Kana shanduka voltage panobva kwakabatana kuti capacitor, kufadza kukosha voltage mhiri zvichava Proportional kune kunonyanyisa kukosha kuyerera mudunhu matsva. Zvisinei, nhamba chinozunguzirwa Sine Wave voltage haangatenderi mberi panguva imwe chete sezvo kunonyanyisa uno.

In muenzaniso uyu, ari nguva imwe kukosha magetsi rinosvika kunonyanyisa ukoshi wayo kota nguva (90 el.grad.) Asati zvichaita kuti kunetseka. Muchiitiko ichi tichiti "magetsi rikatungamirira voltage kubudikidza 90◦».

Kusiyana ezvinhu ari redunhu postoyanngo ukoshi kwazvino V / I hakusi kugara. Zvisinei, nhamba V Max / I Max anokosha chaizvo kubatsira muna Electrical akadana capacitive impedance (Xc) ari chikamu. Sezvo ukoshi ichi vachiri zvinoratidza nhamba voltage kuti ano, kureva, munyama ane nemishonga rwokuyeresa chikwata chiri ohms. The ukoshi Xc capacitor kunobva capacitance (C) uye AC kakawanda (f).

Sezvo kubatana kuti capacitor AC rinoshandiswa rms voltage, dzakadai rikaitika rakatumbuka remudunhu ano, izvo chete munhu capacitor. kukamurwa uku imhaka ari reactance yacho capacitor.

Naizvozvo, ukoshi kuitika mudunhu ine hapana zvimwe zvinoumba kunze capacitor vagara vandifungira Ohm Mutemo nzira Version

I _RMS = U _RMS / X _C

Where U _RMS - mudzi zvinoreva mativi (rms) voltage. Cherechedza kuti X kunotsiviwa _ne kukosha R mu shanduro Mutemo Ohm nokuda DC.

Zvino tinoona kuti capacitor iri AC wedunhu achiita kwete sechinhu yakamisirwa resistor, uye mamiriro ezvinhu saka kupfuura kuoma. Kuti tinzwisise pezvakaitwa kuitika aitenderera akadaro nani, rinobatsirawo yokusuma yokuti vector.

The chikuru Pfungwa vector - mufananidzo uyu kuti zvakaoma kukosha chiratidzo yakaipa nguva-inogona achimiririrwa zvinobikwa kunzwisisa nhamba (ndiro rakazvimirira nguva) uye kunzwisisa Mureza iri kushanda nguva.

Somuenzaniso, tinogona kumiririra mashandiro A Kosi (2πνt + θ) sezvinoita kunzwisisa kugara A ∙ E ^jΘ.

Sezvo vectors anomiririrwa uwandu (kana module) uye yorusvingo, ipapo vanomirirwa yakanyatsotsanangura nokuda museve (vector kana) kutenderera ari xy ndege.

Yandakapiwa voltage mhiri capacitor "lagging" panyaya ano achimiririra vertices dzavo kurongwa nenzira kunzwisisa ndege sezvinoratidzwa nomufananidzo kumusoro. Mumufananidzo uyu, ari voltage uye iyezvino vectors vari zvayaitenderera paguyo negwara risiri Kutenderera.

In muenzaniso uyu, magetsi ari capacitor nokuda kwayo nguva nenguva kukuremedzai. Sezvo capacitor AC vematunhu anokwanisa kuchengeta uye nguva nenguva itangezve wemagetsi aitarisira, pakati payo uye simba panobva riri kuramba kupanana simba, riri zvemagetsi inonzi reactive.