Shlisselburg Fortress. Oreshek Fortress, Shlisselburg. Fort Leningrad nharaunda

Nhoroondo The yose St. Petersburg uye dzakapoteredza munzvimbo chokuita yakati nzvimbo. Vabati havana kubvumira muganhu kuti andobata mundima idzi Russian, pave rose richikurukura masvingo nemisasa. Nhasi vakawanda vavo vari seva mamiziyamu uye nhoroondo sezvivako.

Vyborg Castle

Fortress Leningrad nharaunda, uyewo mumaguta yokutanga uye dzemamongi yakavakwa munharaunda yayo, mumwe zvivako mukuru reRussia wehurumende. Ivo akazviratidza kupfuura ungana nzvimbo mvura uye akabatanidza dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana kuna dzekuma Scandinavia uye Europe pamwe East neMediterranean, muKristu uye nyika yekare.

Fortress Leningrad nharaunda, dzemamongi nezvimwe zvivako zvekare vava Distributors pamusoro tsika necheSalvic vanhu, uyewo conductors chitendero chechiKristu munzvimbo huru.

Muenzaniso unoshamisa of Western Europe muchiuto architecture akananga Vyborg ari nenhare, rinonziwo yavarwi. Nhoroondo iri kuvaka rakabatana pamwe yeSweden. Ndicho navo nguva Third Hondo (1293) yakavambwa Vyborg.

Pakutanga nhare kwainge kuzvidzivirira basa. The yeSweden rwaipotera shure masvingo aro ose Novgorod mauto kuedza vadzosere inogarwa ndima. Kwemazana emakore, nhare vakachinja basa. Chivako ichi aiva nzvimbo chaimbova youmambo dzokugara uye kumuzinda wemauto. Yakanga kamwe nhare uye muzinda weguta, uye yemauto ari Swedish crusader, uye tirongo.

Muna 1918 Vyborg Castle akawira pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa Finland uye yave kunatsiridzwa chose. Sezvo 1944 nzvimbo yakava chikamu USSR. Nechekare muna 1964, takatanga kutora rokutanga matanho kuvaka nhare miziyamu. To musi, Vyborg Castle yakazaruka vaenzi. Pane miziyamu, kupa vaenzi waunoziva ane gumi nezvemakwara siyana, richitsanangura nhoroondo panzvimbo ino.

Panguva nhare pane nezvakataurwa seshongwe St. Olaf. Kubva ipapo unogona kuyemura kunoshamisa nokunaka kwenzvimbo. Neshongwe inopa pfungwa gungwa chiteshi uye Gulf Finland, uyewo misoro miti kukura mupaki Mon Repos.

Staraya Ladoga nhare

Chivako ichi ndicho chimwe namakumi maviri navashanu makiromita kubva St. Petersburg. Fortress pedyo nomusha Staraya Ladoga akaisa pamuganhu IX-X emakore. Ndivo nguva Veschego Olega. Zvivako dziri panzvimbo Ladozhka runoyerera kupinda Volkhov River, pamatunhu bhengi. Chinangwa wakakombwa yepakutanga yaiva kudzivirira muchinda wake navaranda. Vamwe nguva zvakazova mumwe masvingo kuti raivhara nzira kubva reBaltic kusvika muvengi.

Nhasi muna Staraya Ladoga nhare anoshanda matongo, nhoroondo uye mapurani Museum-chengetedza. kuratidzira maviri kumhanya vashanyi. Mumwe ethnographic, uye wechipiri - munhoroondo. The chikuru Exhibits ari kuratidza zvinonamatwa panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa.

Koporje

Saka kure, muna Leningrad mudunhu vakaramba nhare nomwe. mumwe kubva pamazita ichi (mbambaira, riri Kingisepp) chete anomirira zvimedu miti uye ari zvishoma mashoko pamusoro zvekare. Nhanhatu mamwe chikonzero risingadzime mubereko nhoroondo buffs. Rimwe nhare idzi - Koporje.

Zvinonzi munzvimbo yepakarepo pedyo St. Petersburg. More dzimwe Koporje nhare akaramba kuti zvevakomana, ayo Ages mufananidzo, nokuti haisi pasi achangopfuura zvikuru alterations.

Korela

nhare ichi riri kuchamhembe St. Petersburg, pamusoro munharaunda Karelian Isthmus. Panguva iyi, kuchamhembe ruoko Vuoksi River runoyerera muDziva Ladoga. Panguva XIII-XIV emakore Korela chinhu Russian muganhu post, iro rave kakawanda Akatsoropodzwa yeSweden. Pari Castle anoonekwa shongwe, kunoita kuti kuongorora Russian nemauto-kuzvidzivirira iwe yekare zvizere. In chivakwa ichi, izvo yakazarukira vashanyi nhasi vakachengetedza mweya uchinzvera uye Antiquities. Izvi zvakaitwa zvibvire nokuti kuti nhare haana upgraded kana kuvakwa kwemakore. Aimbova kuzvidzivirira romukova akazaruka mamiziyamu maviri. In wokutanga wavo anogona kuwanikwa mukuru nhoroondo wakakombwa. Chimwe miziyamu ndiye Pugachev Tower, muchivanze iyo akaiswa muhurongwa, pasinei rushoma kuparadzwa kunze kwemasvingo.

Ivangorod nhare

Chivako ichi ndicho shongwe wokuRussia kuzvidzivirira mapurani maringe XV-XVI emakore. Ivangorod nhare rakaumbwa 1492 pamusoro River Narva kudzivirira nyika Russian kubva vachirwisa kumadokero vavengi. Mumakore ayo shanu emakore nhoroondo nhare ichi zvaiwanzova nzvimbo hondo dzinotyisa dzakarwiwa. Akatambudzwa nhare muhondo yokurwisa yechiFascist nechisimba. Mushure kubatwa revarwi muvengi pamusoro munharaunda yayo Ivangorod vokuGermany akaita maviri yevasungwa, apo vasungwa vehondo akaramba. Kuenda, vaNazi rakavhuvhuta dzakawanda dzomukati zvivako, nhanhatu rekona shongwe, uyewo zvikamu masvingo zhinji. Pari dzakawanda masvingo yakadzorerwa uye dzigadziridzwe.

"Nut"

Schlisselburg nhare riri pamhenderekedzo Lake Ladoga, panguva chaipo pakutanga Neva. Monument uyu mavakirwo yokutanga yezana XIV remakore, iye zvino miziyamu.

By nzvimbo musi Nut Island Schlisselburg nhare chechipiri zita - "Hard".

miziyamu

Shlisselburg Fortress - chinhu chisinganzwisisiki zodchesky Ensemble. Nhasi yakazaruka vaenzi. Fortress "Nut" zvinoreva Museum of History of St. Petersburg. Vashanyi vanokokwa tinyatsoziva inokosha nhoroondo nzendo Russian ehurumende kuti nguva apo nhare ichi chaiva chero nzira zvinobatanidzwa.

nyaya

Shlisselburg Fortress yakavakwa 1323 Uchapupu ichi rinotaurwa Novgorod Chronicle. Gwaro iri chiratidzo kuti muzukuru Aleksandra Nevskogo - Prince Yury of Moscow - akarayira kuvaka remuti nhare. Nechekare pashure makumi matatu pane nzvimbo yaimbova nhare paiva nedombo. Ndima yayo yakawedzera zvikuru uye vakatanga kuita mapfumbamwe zviuru mativi mamita. Achinja uye kukura wakakombwa masvingo. Pavakanga vasvika Ukobvu mamita matatu. Paiva shongwe zvitatu itsva rectangular chimiro.

Pakutanga, madziro kuzvidzivirira mamiriro pakuiswa Posad. Three-mita mugero pakati pake uye "mupengo". Zvishoma Papera, parusvingo akanga akafukidzwa nevhu. Zvadaro Posad takapoteredzwa rusvingo rwematombo.

Kugadzirisa, kuparadza uye kuberekwazve ruzivo nhare munhoroondo yacho kanopfuura kamwe. Saka nguva dzose kuwedzera shongwe dzaro, izvozvo anowedzera rusvingo ukobvu.

Schlisselburg nhare atova XVI remakore rakava muzinda, musha vakuru vakuru vehurumende nevafundisi yepamusorosoro. Pamahombekombe Neva River akagadzirisa nyore nevanhu tenements.

Fortress "Nut" (Shlisselburg nhare) munguva kubva 1617 kusvikira 1702 yakanga dzaitongwa yeSweden. Panguva ino, zvakanga Yakazopiwa zita rokuti. Its inonzi Noteburgskoy. Peter ndakahwina kubva yeSweden nhare ichi, uye akamupa musana zita rake akare. Nhare kamwe zvakare zvinopindura mukuru chivakwa. Rakanga akavaka shongwe dzakawanda, yevhu panharirire uye mumajeri. Kubva 1826 kusvika 1917 kunhare "Nut" (Shlisselburg nhare) yaiva nzvimbo mujeri pakati Decembrists uye People. Mushure October Revolution, ichi chivako kukava miziyamu.

yehondo

"Nut" akabatanidzwa basa rinokosha kudzivirira Leningrad makore. Shlisselburg Fortress akapa mukana nokuvapo "Road reUpenyu", umo muguta rakakombwa dzakanga dzakatakura zvokudya, uye kubva ipapo akanga abviswa vanhu kuchamhembe guru. Nemhaka heroism duku nhamba varwi kuti dzakararama kukombwa wakakombwa akaponeswa vanopfuura zana upenyu. Panguva iyi mashoko "mupengo" ari kushanda rakaparadzwa pasi.

Pashure pehondo, vavakezve nhare, kwakasarudzwa kwete kuti vazvichengete, uye kuvaka nenzira "Mugwagwa Roupenyu" chirangaridzo zvivako.

Nhare. modernity

Nhasi vanoshanyira nhare "Nut" rwokuparidza. Aimbova kuzvidzivirira Murongerwo unogona kuona zvasara yayo aimbova ukuru.

Fortress "Nut" kadhi iro rinotaura vashanyi ane nzira, mundege sokunge chinhu mugari polygon. The pamakona ose nhamba akatambanudza kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva. Rusvingo riri shongwe shanu simba. Mumwe wavo (Gate) - rectangular. In mavakirwo shongwe yasara dzeraundi chimiro inoshandiswa.

Fort "Nut" (Shlisselburg) inzvimbo rakazaruka mukukudza magamba Yechipiri World War Memorial. On munharaunda aimbova wenhare, pane miziyamu kuratidzira. Ivo muNzvimbo zvivako "mujeri itsva" uye "mujeri yekare". Zvisaririra wakakombwa masvingo, uye Flag uye pasuwo Royal Naugolnykh, Golovkin uye Svetlichnaya shongwe.

How kusvika munhare?

The yakanyarara dzematunhu guta Shlisselburg ari nyore kusvika nemotokari. Ipapo nhare zvinganaka nyore nechikepe. Pane zvimwe zvaungaita. From "Petrokrepost" chiteshi anofamba chikepe, mumwe kumbomira pfungwa inova Shlisselburg Fortress. How kusvika aimbova kuzvidzivirira mamiriro zvakananga kubva St. Petersburg? North guru mu "Nut" nhare anogara inoshanyirwa Tours. Vafambi zvakakumikidzwa kwekugadzikana mukuru-nokukurumidza ngarava "Meteor".

Zvichida mumwe acharonga rwendo mubhazi nzira nhamba 575, izvo anomhanya kusvikira Schlusselburg kubva Metro station "Ul. Dybenko ". Zvadaro tora kuchitsuwa kubatsira igwa.

Kana ukasarudza kushanyira nhare "Nut" nzira inofanira kungwarira zvose nzira. The miziyamu mune yaimbova munhare anozarura muna May uye anotora vashanyi kumugumo October. Panguva iyi zviri rakashama daily. Okutanga maawa - kubva 10 kusvika 17.