Silenus ndiye mudzidzisi uye shamwari yaDionysus. Basa raSilen mukupenda nemifananidzo

Nhema dzechiGiriki dzakawanda uye dzinofadza. Dzikadzika mumapeji ezvinyorwa uye nhoroondo, unogona kuwana zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofadza. Kuverenga pamusoro pepamusoro yeOlympus, simba revamwari, temberi dzakanaka dzakavakwa mukukudza kwavo, uyewo mazororo akapfuma, munhu anotakurwa zvokuti haaone kuti nguva inokurumidza kukurumidza sei. Dionysus inofanirwa kunyatsotarisirwa, kuve yakanyatsonyatsotarisana, iyo yakamutevera inomiririra uye inomiririra sezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Satires, nymphs, Silenus - ichi ndicho chikamu chikuru chezvisikwa zvave zvichishandurwa zvemasimba e-bas-reliefs achigadzira temberi yemwari wekupona.

Ndivanaani vanonzi satires?

Satyr - muzvinyorwa zvechiGiriki, anofara, mwari asingasviki wesango uye kubereka. Chimiro che satyr chinotibvumira kumutsanangurira semunhu wemusoro wembudzi, nemashoko ekumhanya kwemhare. Mukuwedzera kumakumbo embudzi nemakumbo, huMwari uine muswe uye nyanga. Chikamu chezasi chemuviri we satyr chakanga chakazara nehutsi.

Nenzira dzekutenda vatendi vaionekwa seDionysos 'vatsigiri, ivo vakava vadziri vakaumba waini, iyo yakavapa kodzero yekugara vachiita mitezo pamitambo yakarongedzwa nemwari wekukunda, uye kunwa doro kwavari. Kushushikana kune rudo, munhau vanonyatsotsvaga nymphs akanaka kuti vaite navo rudo. Tsika dzinofananidzira simba revarume. Vane utera hwekutamba pombi, uye vanofarira kutamba, kuimba zvakanaka, vane usimbe nemasikirwo, vane ruzivo uye vanonyangadza zvikuru. Iva nesimba rinopfuura simba revanhuwo zvavo, rinovabvumira kurondedzera sevarwi vakanaka.

Satire mune unyanzvi

VaGiriki vekare vaifarira kuratidzira nyaya dzedzidziso dzakasiyana-siyana mumabasa oumhizha, kushamwaridzana kwakava mufananidzo weimwe mifananidzo kana zvifananidzo. Mhemberero dzekare dzakaita kuti vakwanise kunyatsotarisa, izvo zvakafuridzirwa zvivevheti uye vanyori vashandise kushandisa mufananidzo wekunyengedzera mune zvisikwa zvavo.

Vatendi vakaratidzwa vose nevakomana vaduku, uye nematambudziko anotyisa, akaipa. Kune vanyori, maitiro akajeka uye anofara ezvisikwa izvi akashanda semhepo yekufuridzirwa yekusika yakawanda yemifananidzo. Pakati pevavezi vega pane basa raPraxitel. Ndiye iye akaveza chimiro chakanaka chemu satyr, uyo rudzi rwaakazove rwakawanikwa mune inenge yose mabasa emifananidzo. Mutendi akaitwa naPraxitel yaiva chifananidzo chendarira, chaidiwa navaGrike zvikuru zvokuti kunyange muAtene pachake yakanzi yakakurumbira.

Yakasimba. Mythology

Pakati pezvisikwa zvinopinda mumutambo weDionysus, mumwe munhu anofanira kunge akasiyana nemumwe chete. Silenus ndiye mudzidzisi wemwari wekubereka, mutendi, uyo anogara ari munharaunda yekudhakwa. Dzimwe nguva udhakwa ine chimiro chakanaka chemuoni akafuridzirwa, akagadzirira kuudza vanhu nezvechakavanzika chekuve, kuzarura maziso kune zvakavanzika zvepakabva kwezvose. Mune nziyo dzake, Silenus akarumbidza nyika, akavhenekerwa nemirairo yekutanga yemuviri wekudenga, makore achienda kunzvimbo dzakakwirira kudenga kuti awire panyika yezvakaberekwa nemvura ine mvura, masango nekunaka kwavo kwakanaka uye kutamba mumhepo ine mitsipa yemiti, mhuka shomanana panguva iyoyo ichifamba pamwe chete Masango nemakomo, rwiyo runonakidza uye rwiyo rwemhepo yemhepo.

Wakasimba mune zvinoonekwa

Silenus haisi mhemberero yemunhu, asiwo chikamu chinokosha chekushandiswa kwakaitwa yeGreece yekare. Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanguva yeAntiyokwe, pamwe nematombo akavezwa, akapiwa nemaune makuru, maitiro akaoma zvakare kuti adzokere zvakare kukwidzika uye kunaka kweDionysus (kana zvisingawanzotiwo Bachus), uyewo kuratidza kusununguka uye kukwidziridzwa kwemhando dzevamwe shamwari dzamwari we winemaking : Nymphs uye vatendi. Mamiriro ekudhakwa nguva dzose, unhu hwemunhu, unoda nguva dzose kutsigirwa kwehuwandu. Mifananidzo iri kuratidza zviitiko zveBacchic, unogona kuona munhu akaremara akagara akatasva mbongoro gorofu, achiedza zvose kuti arege kuwira pasi pechiremera chomutasvi - uyu ndiye Silenus. Izvi zvakare zvakare zvinomiririra mufananidzo wevanhu vekudenga. Kunze kwake nguva dzose vanofamba vatendi, vachiita basa rekutsigirwa nekuchengetedza kurwisa, vakakomberedzwa naSilenus akadhakwa akadhakwa kumativi ose maviri.

Wakasimba muzvigadzirwa

Vanyori vezvigadzirwa zvekare vaifunga kuti kubwinya kwakakodzera kwebindu kwaizova vatongi vebwe. Tsanangudzo dzakawanda dzine nhoroondo dzakawanda dzakabatana nadzo, asi hukuru hwevanhu Silenus akawira murudo nevaGiriki zvimwe zvakanyanya. Kana mukupenda iye aidiwa kuti aenzaniswe nemaune akaipa, ipapo mufananidzo unooneka rumwe rudzi rweSilenus. Semudzidzisi wemwari wekupona, anofanira kunge pane dzimwe nguva achionekwa pamberi pevanhu nenzira yakanaka. Dumbu guru remakumbo nemafuta rinonyangarika, kudhakwa kunodzinga, uye maitiro ayo seakazara anowana kuwirirana uye kukudzwa. Somuenzaniso, chifananidzo chakanaka chendarira, chinowanikwa muPompeii. Iyo inoratidzira Sirien mukanakisa, kufadza chiduku chiduku Dionysus ichiri kutamba nemhangura mahwendefa.