Chii dumba? zvichireva

Kubvira kare chokuvapo kwevanhu, kana chinyakare murume akavaka vokutanga hwake achihwanda okunze, uye ipapo vakaenda kufukidza gomba, apo akarara, matavi uye akavaka kari kuti inodzivirira nemvura uye chando, vanhu nguva dzose anokundwa nechido kunyaradzwa.

The pakuonekwa rokutanga redzimba

Vanhu vakadzidza vazvidzivirire kubva okunze akaipa chero nzira, uye, ndaziva izvi, havana kurega chete pamusoro akachengeteka, zvishoma nezvishoma yakapoteredza achizvicheka Amenities siyana. Munguva chando zera, ivo vaitsvaka inodziya bako, Semi-akagadzirisa Paleolithic vavhimi dzimba simba pamiti, kudzidza shiri, dzakadai shiri 'matendere. The siyana misha zvinoshamisa.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana mumatumba

Pano vanongova vamwe vavo. Yurt - chiedza imba Mongolia iyo zvifambiswe nemombe kubva mafuro kune mumwe. Round zvakaumbwa, 6 metres dhayamita, ari Yurt yakakamurwa muzvikamu 12, rimwe nerimwe akanzi kuEastern nyeredzi chiratidzo. In tende nerimwe kwaiva chaishandiswa achibatsirwa muArabhu izvi vakadzidza nguva muzuva ranzi kuuya kuburikidza buri padenga.

Uye muna Greenland uye Alaska, uye mazuva ano vachiri kunakidzwa chando imba - tsono. Imba iri nyore kuvaka, kudzivirirwa kwazvo nechando Arctic. akatema bwendefa guru, vakaisa murwi pane rimwe rising chimiro gobvu chando rukoko. In chando runokukura refu yakatetepa mugero -. Pamusuo yokugara Inside rambi-yakavhenekerwa zhirnik uye kana inyorovese rusvingo kubva pakupisa, kumhanya mhepo inotonhora, saka obledeniv masvingo uye nokuita kwavo simba. Inside, vanhu vakarara pamubhedha chando vanoverengeka akaturikidzana dzematehwe, bikai uye kudya kushandisa okuvimba uye kudziyisa-zhirniki rambi.

Special Mobile pekugara - yaranga pakati anongofamba vanhu rwokumusoro. Marangwanda yaranga vaiva Matanda, matenga edzimba dzakanga slanted nematanda. Chivako yose akashanda poro hombodo, uriri akatiwo akafukidzwa nematehwe.

Kari somubatanidzwa wechigarire nzvimbo yokugara

With yezwi munhu aivapo mararamiro, vanhu vakatanga kuvaka zvachose vakagara - iyoyo. Chii dumba? In ichi unofanira kunzwisisa. YaMakoronike kubva rechi10 remakore rinotsanangura Russian imba yekare - bhaira-imba, istpka, istba, dumba. Lexical zvinoreva - Russian vakatema imba.

Kare dumba chaiva chikuru dzimba misha Russian nemisha, asi 17-18 emakore zvakanga chakatsiva farmhouse. Rakavakwa matanda, zvakabatanidzwa korona, vakanga vachiita padenga matanda kana mashanga. Special Kushongedza vakanga zvakavezwa kuita mutserendende muchando uye vharanda; France wakashongedzwa pricheliny, matauro, nemifananidzo mapuranga. zvirindo zhinji yakashongedzwa mifananidzo. View Cave siyana, namasvingo mana, namasvingo shanu, vatatu, shanu, kana kupfuura mahwindo vane emapuranga kana yevhu uriri. Asi vachiri pedyo sikweya chimiro - zviri nyore kuti vakuchidzire mukamuri. Kuti kubaya koteji pedyo utility mukamuri, kuti kuwa, pasina kusiya mumugwagwa, izvo chaizvo kukosha ekunze akaipa. Kwenguva refu, kari pasi akagara kugara: masvingo inotonhora, vari muNzvimbo rumwe yokutandarira - nharo huru puranga, mhiri - nzvimbo mhuri nemidziyo nousiku muzhizha.

Black uye chena dumba

Zvakaoma kufungidzira imba asina chimbini pamusoro pedenga, uye mumazuva ekare, chete hazvina utsi akaenda kuburikidza mukova kana rinokosha hwindo naye. Akadana sedumba - Cournot kana dema. Windows vakanga duku elongated mawindo (kukwirira sezvo pakukora nerogi), kana zvichikodzera, chakafukidzwa Dombo. A uchida kudzokorora womukati ezvinhu yamunogara rubatsiro kunzwisisa kuti dumba. Main mumba, Chokwadi, aiva chitofu.

Kuchamhembe uye nzvimbo Russian muovheni iri kuseri rusvingo padivi payo yaiva nzvimbo kugara - chitoro. Kubva pamusoro muchoto uye rusvingo nzvimbo yaigara pasherufu. In neimwe dumba pakanga chakajeka nzvimbo yapamberi - matsvene tsvuku pakona, apo iconostasis, vhangeri, mvura tsvene. The angled anogara wakachena, pane zvakaitwa ruzhinji mhemberero chokuita nokuberekwa, michato, mariro.

Pamwe vamwe masvingo kari akanga refu zvigaro, ari pakatarisana nekona aiva tafura. Zvinoita sokuti vari dema mukamba dzose nguva anofanira kuva rima uye dingy pamwe chin'ai uye utsi. Asi Cournot dumba zvakashamisa varimi kuti kuchena kwavo jena tablecloth, dzakarukwa matauro pamadziro, zviri tsvuku pakona - ikapenya mari kwemifananidzo. Ndicho kunoshamisa minimini mumatumba. Maererano nemitemo wefizikisi uye kuvakwa, zvishoma pamusoro kukura kwavanhu muganhu kupfuura iyo rokumusoro matanda cherogi uye sirin'i akafukidzwa chin'ai. Kuputa akasimuka, haana inowira pasi muganhu uyu.

Ndeipi chena yokurenda? Kusiyana chimneyless dumba, chena ane chimbini. Pamusoro pachoto pamusoro kamwene zvidhina anoiswa kuti anounganidza utsi ichibva romoto. Uyezve utsi anopinda chinjikira lounger nezvidhina muna atiki, uye pauri kunze kuburikidza nomutopota. Kusiyana chimneyless kari kari aiva chena puranga mahwindo izvo avhara matema kana naMika, uye girazi mazera 18-19 akaiswa akarikiya kunze utorwe.

Shoko "dumba"

Shoko rokuti "dumba" ( "yzba", "izba", "istba", "istobka", "bhaira-imba") rinoshandiswa yaMakoronike Russian vakuru kare. Ndezvipi ukama wayo rechiito "kunyura", "kupisa kumusoro." Kabhini rinoreva nenharo dzimba. Sezvineiwo, vose necheSalvic vanhu vane shoko "bhaira-imba" uye rinoreva - sechivako chiri pakutsamwisana nechokwadi romoto. Zvivako madzitateguru edu kekutanga dzinogarwa pamberi paiva yamavira, zvirindo havana kunzi. The zita wakauya panguva apo panogara izvi zvakava kupopotedzana. Vakabva vakadaidzwa "bhaira-imba" kana "istba". Uye kubva istby hwakatanga kuvapo uye dumba.

Chii sedumba, zvichatibatsira kunzwisisa kuongorora shoko pacharo. Chaizvoizvo, shoko "koteji" rwakoromoka kupinda zvinoriumba vaviri panze (pamusoro) kudzivirira (sq). Etymologists anotsigira pfungwa yokuti shoko "istba" kwava "koteji" nenguva. Meaning of mashoko mabhii: kuroorwa (UC) zvakasimba simba (Tb), anodzivirira (sq). Saka, mashoko okuti "istba" uye "dumba" ane mumwe rinoreva. Zvichireva kari thesauruses Efuremu: "koteji - nematanda farmhouse mumusha kana richienda kumba."

Zvinotendwa pakuvaka dzimba

Building mudzimba nekuti hondo yakanga inokosha, chiitiko anenge mashiripiti. Ita dumba kwaikosha? Yokufananidzira uye rengano kukosha kwayo wakaita basa guru muupenyu uye nzira vanhuwo zvavo. Muchiitiko chino, nokuti ivo yakanga inokosha basa kwete chete vagadze padenga musoro wake pachake uye mhuri yake, asi sezvo kusika munhu mupenyu nzvimbo kuti uzere ushamwari, rugare uye rudo.

seyi zvinogoneka kuvaka chete mirairo wamadzibaba avo, nokutsauka kubva mitemo dzamadzibaba vaisabvumirwa. Zvikuru kukosha kwaiva kusarudza nzvimbo nokuda kari itsva: nzvimbo inofanira kuva yakaoma, yakakwirira, chiedza - uye vazhinji ake zvemashiripiti ukoshi: zvinofanira kuva kufara. Happy akafunga nzvimbo inogarwa apo upenyu nevanhu dzinoitwa kubudirira uye ngozi. Vanoshorwa kuti kari ndiyo nzvimbo yemakuva pakati vanhu nzvimbo mugwagwa kana apo asati kugeza.

Mashoko yokuvakwa dumba

Zvakaoma mitemo inoshanda mashoko kuumbwa. Russian vaifarira kuvaka kari yakagadzirwa vanoondoroka, larch, spruce. miti iyi akanga akareba uye yakarurama hunde dzacho, izvo zvakasimba kuputirwa pamatanda, zvakakwana akachengeta ushamwari kumba, uye haana nokupamba. Miti sarudzo aihuitira vakawanda inorambidza, iyo zvakasimba airambidzwa kutyora kuitira kuti imba ine dambudziko. Saka, nokuti kari kwayo airambidzwa kutema miti "chakavanzika" - vauye mumba rufu. Tabu akanga kutema miti okuberekwa. It airambidzwa kutora rokuvaka dzimba miti yakaoma, ivo vaionekwa akafa. chakaipa kwazvo zvichaitika kana ari yemapuranga imba ichava "chisimba" muti, iyo yakawedzera panguva yokuchinja. Zvaidavirwa muti aigona isaparara uye deredza pepuranga imba varidzi. Kuvakwa kari Akaperekedzwa vakawanda tsika. Under wokutanga dzakaderera matanda, mahwindo, makona kuisa mari, shinda, zviyo - chiratidzo kubudirira uye utano hwakanaka. Panopera kuvakwa vashandi vose norupo kurapwa.

Nei asina kugeza tsvina yerineni pachena

"Wash tsvina yerineni pachena" - phraseologism ukoshi kudzokera kudavira kuti panyaya pasi masarasara anogona kunyengedza kuvadza muridzi musha kana mhuri yake nhengo, hama. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, paiva kupira - haagoni kugeza tsvina yerineni kunze kari, uye vanofanira kuzvipisa muvira. Maererano nezvinodavirwa yekare, muna marara aigona kuwana bvudzi rako uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu izvo bedevil vanhu zvakaipa. Nokufamba kwenguva, vakawanda okuti "kugeza tsvina yerineni pachena" ukoshi vakatodzidza inotakurika sezvo kurambidza kuparadzirwa ruzivo pamusoro kukakavara mhuri uye kurwisana. Kunyange zvakadaro, musimboti aya munguva yedu inoramba akakodzera, sezvo vakadzidza kubva kunaka mashoko kumba, kurova maoko zvakaipa, unogona dzimwe nguva kuita zvakawanda zvakaipa kupfuura bvudzi riri mumaoko muroyi.

Chokwadi, ano yematanda anamapako yakasiyana chaizvo kubva avo zvakavakwa emakore akapfuura, zviri nani zororo anamapako uye chinzvimbo. Kupendwa uye wakavezwa, zvino inomiririra vanenge noumhizha.

Unomirirei, nekuti vanhu vagara vakatsvaka kunyaradzwa, runako uye kunyaradzwa, chinhu chikuru kuyeuka apo yakatangira uye nhoroondo, nekuti pasina kare, sezvo vachiti hapana ramangwana.