Bus Liaz 677: zvekushandisa maitiro, nhoroondo uye tsananguro

Panguva ino, vanhu vashoma yeuka bhazi LIAZ 677 Zvisinei, kutaura "mombe" zvakakwana kana "gororo", sezvo vanhu vanotanga kunzwisisa uye kuyeuka. Mumwe mucharangarira bhazi rino zvishoma chibhende kunyemwerera, munhu achaita nyemwerera zvakawanda scornful. Asi kakawanda mazita vanhu ava vaMwari, uye nemabhazi pachavo kufara sevana. Uye zviri nyore chaizvo kutsanangura. In michina iyi, akapedza pauduku hwake uye vechidiki vose vakanga vaponerwa Soviet Union uye nhasi Russia. Ngatiedzei atarire mapeji nhoroondo iri motokari mbiri uye kuziva kwake nani.

Izvi yakavimbika uye vane mwero mubasa mabhazi rire mumaguta dzezvimwe makore 30 apfuura, asi ivo watambira kodzero kuva chiratidzo imwe zvekare kweSoviet. History LiAZ 677 - haisi nyaya yokuberekwa muenzaniso, sezvo chikamu nhoroondo nerimwe, mumwe nguva huru.

Zvakanga ZILom uye akava lyase. wokuenzanisira nhoroondo

Mukupera 50-ies ose mabhazi guta žil 158, iyo ari kushingaira kushanda nzira mumaguta ose munyika guru, akafanotaura nezvokuparadzwa. Machine parutivi nguva kare vakanaka nderechinyakare uye kukurumidza kutsiviwa. Magadzirirwo akanga zvekare uye vakatakurwa wakaiswa ikoko vakasvimha.

Zvisinei, makore zvinozivikanwa simba uye Kuwedzera pokugara kuvakwa. Saka, mumaguta rakava zvakawanda nevagari uye maguta akatanga kuda mamwe mabhazi, izvo raizoita kutakura nhamba huru vanhu. zuva ose mazana ezviuru zvevanhu vaifanira kuenda kubasa, uye ruzhinji mafekitari maindasitiri zvinomera vaiva kure yakakwana.

The michina akashandiswa sezvo mabhazi chinogona kutakura 60 vanhu vose. Cities dzamerazve, uye yokufambisa kwakadaro havagoni kusangana zvinodiwa. Ndokusaka lyase akatanga kuva itsva guru mutakurwi nemabhazi kushandiswa pamusoro dzomumaguta pakutengeserana.

Saka, yechirimo 58th gore. Muna duku Suburban taundi Likino-Dulyovo vakatanga kubudisa nemabhazi. Production akatamira chirimwa. Likhachev. The fekitari paaimhanyisana chaizvo uye kupa runodiwa vhoriyamu gungano michina vakasagona. In yechando, kwemakore 59 akazviratidza zvidzidzo rokutanga kwezvisikwa mikuru bhazi guta.

Mugore 62 fung gore, zvikabva wokutanga yakabudiswa, LiAZ kumumvuri 677. Muna 63 vakasuwa muenzaniso vakakwanisa kuwana wongororo ayo okutanga. Gore rakatevera, bvunzo nemotokari bhazi mumakomo yakaitwa. Mugore 65 gore fung hwomuti yakawedzera kugadzirwa mavhoriyamu uye rava kupfuura kambani, iyo inobereka mabhazi.

Kana basa magadzirirwo LiAZ 677 kunge zvakazara apera, State Commission akapa mitema chiedza kutanga kugadzirwa. Zvino 66th gore, kuti mabhazi akatanga kusvika avtokombinaty guta. The batch mangé rokutanga rave inounganidzwa muna 67 vakasuwa panguva mukanyiwa kugadzirwa yakarongwa muna 68th Pakutanga, michina iyi vakashanda chete mumigwagwa Moscow. Mune mamwe maguta eumambo nyika, mienzaniso iyi akazviratidza gare gare.

Mugore 71 gore fung hwomuti zvachose uye massively vakatanga kubudisa kunozivikanwa bhazi LiAZ 677.

Nei "mombe"?

motokari iyi vakagamuchira zita remadunhurirwa rokuti hakusi nemhaka unhu chokufambisa. Hazvina nyore. USSR mune zvose uye nguva dzose chakabatsira pamapatya Cuba. Uye Zvechokwadi, munewo mabhazi yawapihwa. Asi tichifunga kuti pane vari vanhu vaikoshesa pasi kwazvo, motokari vakawana imwe kushandiswa. Saka, nokuti kuti rezasi chikumbaridzo bhazi, zvakanga mukana kwazvo kutakurwa mombe. Pakanga pasina chikonzero kusika chaiwo ramps. Pet nyore achiburuka LiAZ 677. Cubans kunge zvishoma achinja design - akagura padenga nokuda okunze. Nokudaro, "nezvipfuwo".

ngano mudziyo

The muenzaniso ichaongororwa kuva wokutanga guta chairo bhazi, iyo yaigadzirwa muna Union. Kusiyana yapfuura zvirongwa, kuti utsva haina chete akagadzirirwa ichiwedzera mubhazi, asi zvakanga vasununguka. Bus zvigaro vanogona, chokupika ari kudziyisa gadziriro yakanaka. Kunyange mhuka kuchitonhora, vamwe vanhu vakakwanisa kurara chaizvo soundly ari kabhini - saka zvakanga kudziya.

Dzinokodzera guta

LiAZ 677 ane wakanaka kuturika pamwe zvaitika hedhiraiti muviri. Other mabhazi zviri dzinoratidzwa kwakanaka inofamba. Over anorovera uye zvakasiyana mugwagwa dambudziko, muenzaniso uyu akadzinga nechivimbo. Mutsindo unhu elasticity uye simba kuturika akatendeuka kubudirira nokuti Rubber-mhepo sepombi inoshandiswa kuvaka.

Chinzvimbo uye geometry

Inside, kukodzera kusvika 110 mubhazi, uye motokari agere vaiva vanhu 25. Zvigaro zvakarongwa muna mashanu uye mana pamusara avaiita. Pakati mitsara zvigaro yaiva nekaupenyu rakafara ndima chinoita kuti mabhazi aya takasununguka zvikuru uye dzinokodzera vanhu.

bhazi kureba 10 530 neMM, upamhi - 2500 neMM, nekukwirira - 3033 mm.

Body uye mukati

Chii chakanga LiAZ 677 - muenzaniso kuti chiratidzo mazuva mazhinji vafare?

The muviri aiva ngoro-kubereka mamiriro. Section muviri uye chokuita mumwe nokuda rivets, zvakavigwa pasi lining, waimira munhu decoration basa.

The mukati akanga mudungwe pamwe laminate. Pamusoro windscreen paiva imba izere, apo ari paruoko rumwe akaisa nzira nhamba iri iyo muchina unoshanda, uye Ukuwo - nzira mashoko.

The chiedza rakanga rakarongwa downlights matanhatu fluorescent marambi. Inoshandisa dzidziso panes nerimwe hwindo rinopa dzinongoitika nzira fefetedza menyika.

Zvitsaurei mashoko akakodzera kudziyisa hurongwa. Yaiva water drainage inopisa mhepo, iyo yakawanikwa kubva injini kutonhora hurongwa. Air nyere vakapfuura kurutivi muviri rworuboshwe, uye akasiya kurutivi mberi, chete seri mutyairi wacho partition, uri chena chando zuva, vanhu kunyange kukotsira kumashure.

Features mukati

The simba dzaishandiswa mune motokari yaiva pamberi kurutivi rworudyi bhazi mutyairi. Mainjiniya vakasarudza kuti zvichaitika akabudirira chaizvo, uye saka zvikazooneka. Chisarudzo ichi akabvumira asunungurwe yakawanda nzvimbo vanhu vari shure. Uye kana zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vagadzirise injini, haritombotauri kuenda panze.

Unorema mutoro akatora necheseri ekisero. Chakanga nemavhiri maviri kuruboshwe uye zvakafanana kurudyi. Playground nokuti vanhu yaiva zvishoma nechepazasi kabhini. Uye ari kabhini ingasvikwa pedyo munyoro materu. Kupinda anongoerekana kuti kabhini kuburikidza rwemberi pamukova Developers zvakapa matanho maviri. Pamberi matanho matatu zvakanga, nokuti kuti bhazi ane pamberi injini marongerwo. Salon ari makamutswawo zvishoma kurutivi kabhini.

mikova

To senga haisi nguva yakareba imire pamukova zvemabhazi, Zvinonzi rakafara mikova mana mavharuvhu. The bhazi vemikova maviri. wechitatu musuo iri nzvimbo yemutekenyi inowaniswa mutyairi.

mutyairi

Mainjiniya vaida kutungamirira chirongwa nenzira yakadaro kuti mutyairi akanga akasununguka chaizvo uye dzichipfekeka. Tingatii pamusoro kabhini LiAZ 677? Features wake - descriptiveness uye ergonomics. Asi panguva imwe chete, hapana okushamisira. The chiridzwa Panel wakasiyana nevamwe magadzirirwo makore iwayo.

chigaro Driver ave ikakura, uye tendera kuti kuchinja kukwirira, musana yorusvingo, kana nezvifukidzo. The mberi uye injini mupanda vakaparadzaniswa pedyo parusvingo. Mune dzimwe embodiments, vakatasva bhokisi se "Ikarus". On pahwindo yakadaro the pane chaiva vanhu.

LiAZ injini 677 uye huni rakawanda

Mumotokari, shandisa V-zvakaumbwa chikwata žil 375. Vazhinji bhazi panguva yose akagadzirwa zvakanakira vakatenda injini ichi chikuru kuvamirira. 8-humburumbira kabhureta injini akanga inokwana 180 ehondo, asi ave makuru dumbu.

Kunyange mafuta mumota 300 litres kubvumirwa 1.5 chete yekubva kusuduruka. Vatyairi vari pakati refueling hazvo akaita. Asi pasinei yakadaro kuparadzwa hombe, muenzaniso achiri akapinda kugadzirwa. Mabhazi pamusoro Diesel haripo asi, uye peturu yakanga yakawanda. On the 93rd murayiro vakapisa peturu chikwata 75l / 100 km.

Nhamba ikozvino sokuti chete yakakura uye shamisa. Vatyairi Vakawanda vakashanda pamusoro michina izvi, ndakadana injini "nzou". Izvi imhaka yokuti, kuwedzera kune hombe havi, iye kusiyaniswa kunyatsofunga uye zvakaoma-akaremerwa bhazi akakwira pamusoro kuwedzerazve. Asi pashure upgrading LiAZ bhazi 677 nokurondedzerwa akavandudzika zvishoma. Pakutanga vachiri vakakwanisa kusika injini kuti 76-octane peturu, uye kunyange vakakwanisa kuderedza kudyiwa kuti pasipoti akava 54 l / 100 km.

Pane zvimwe chikwata ichi - nayo overheating muzhizha. Winter ndakadaro injini. On inopisa mazuva, mutyairi akazarura kavha injini mupanda, uye kana chando anouya, kuti chikwata akaita kuputira.

kufamba

Injini ari matsva aiwanzopiwa wokushanda naye ane otomatiki hutachiwana. Zvinofanira kutaura kamwechete kuti ichi ndicho bhazi yokutanga PPC kwakadai. Vatyairi vakawanda pakarepo anogona kunzwisisa zvose zvakanakira vakabayira kwavari automatics. Two danho CAT kwaipa mukana kuwana kunonyanyisa kumhanya 70 km / h.

Sezvingatarisirwa, bhokisi iri yakasiyana magetsi yokutevedzera, asi zvakanga zvakakwana hwakavimbika uye nyore. Repairing rinogona kuitwa nokukurumidza chaizvo.

Gozvo uye mabhureki

Tie makanika bhazi rakanga nepokuongorora hydraulic tikachirega. Mabhureki vaiva kaviri remudunhu pneumatic tikachirega.

Liaz 677 "Moscow"

Construction uye magadzirirwo, uyewo unhu vasina ndavhiyiwa kuchinja pamusoro rose kusunungurwa nguva. Zvisinei, muna 78th gore, kwakatangwa kweShanduro modernized LiAZ 677 M akanga dzakachinjwa gearbox, zvemagetsi uye braking gadziriro. Sezvineiwo yakachinja dashboard.

Pakati chikuru kusiyana muenzaniso mutsva kunogona kuva anokudzwa menyika. Uyewo, muviri vakapakata madhoo mu pasirin'i. Mukuwedzera, bhazi yachinja ruvara. Zvino vakanga tsvuku.

Finished kuti kugadziriswa kuti "Moscow" muna 97th gore.

Tuning

Kune vanhu vakawanda vari kukwezvwa uye aifarira yakadaro zvemichina - inhoroondo. Panotova vaya vanowana izvi michina zviumbu ovadzorera. Kazhinji, runoonekwa rombo kuwana kunyange akwegura LiAZ 677. Tuning zvinoburuka pasi repainted asi kudzorerwa yepakutanga chimiro.

In mhedziso

Pane zvakawanda zvokutaura pamusoro bhazi ichi. Kune siyana dzinonakidza ruzivo chokuita pazviri, akawanda anonakidza michina akadzama. Nhasi kashoma, uye ari dzotsauka. It chinhu pangozi. Asi vaya vari zvechokwadi muropa, anosikwa mune kombiyuta mutambo kufarira muenzaniso - LiAZ 677. "OMSI" - mumwe Simulator pakati bhazi mutyairi, uye ikozvino ruripo uye vanoonekwa nesu chiratidzo imwe zvekare kweSoviet.