Surrogacy. Nezvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai

The chinangwa icho nguva dzose vanoedza zvinenge vakaroorana zvose - kuberekwa uye zvokurera vana. Nokuti vazhinji, ichi ndicho chikuru chinangwa muupenyu, nokuda vanhu kuenda nokuda kwazvo nezvimwewo zvinhu chingatadzisa zvose tsika, yetsika uye pamutemo mitemo, chokwadi, maererano nenhamba, vanenge 20% vevakaroorana vasingakwanisi kuva vana vavo. Muzviitiko, vakaroorana akarwawo kuminamato vanaamai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe, nokudaro achiita zvose zvemarudzi zvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai.

Dambudziko munyika uye kuRussia ose gore iri kuwedzera. Zvinonzi kuramba kukosha kubva zvokurapa, yetsika, pamutemo uye tsika achitandadza maonero. It surrogacy. Nezvinetso zvinomuka mukufamba kwaro Implementation uye pashure, kunogona kukanganisa kwete chete pamusoro anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana, asi pamusoro vabereki kuvabereki uye mwana.

Musimboti Chiitiko

Surrogacy - a insemination, gestation uye kuberekwa kwomwana, zvinotora nzvimbo maererano chibvumirano wakasainwa pakati vabereki mukana ramangwana uye anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana. Panguva iyoyowo kuti isa fotereza mukadzi akatorwa utachiona mumasero vabereki, izvo kwezvikonzero zvokurapa hazvigoni kuva mwana.

mai Vanotsiva chokwadi - ndiye mukadzi uyo anobvuma kuti nourume masero varume nevakadzi (nevabereki), bheya, kubereka mwana uye zvakaitika mumaoko vabereki pamutemo.

Extreme chiyero kuita kubudikidza vakaroorana ari surrogacy basa.

Multidimensional chinetso surrogacy

Sezvo surrogacy nezvimwe dzokubereka ruzivo, izvo dzazvino kwabatsira vakaroorana vakawanda kunakidzwa mufaro baba uye saamai, kunokosha zvainovhiringidzawo, uye zvinokosha makomborero.

Chokwadi, mbereko vakaroorana vari kushandisa nzira kubereka zvose nokuda mufaro rinounza vana kuseka Mumba, kusanganisira sezvo chokupedzisira surrogacy.

Nezvinetso zvinomuka nokuda kupararira uye okusuma nzira ano pamuviri uye kuberekwa vana, uyewo kuchikosha kukanganisa tsika, yetsika uye zvemagariro zvakanaka munzanga. Modern vakaroorana apo kwete achinyatsoziva zvose matambudziko zvinhu kuti simuka gare gare, uye, chokwadi, haigoni uye havadi kuongorora zvose zviri kushandisa mitoo yakadai.

Legal mutemo kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai muRussia

Legal murau pakati Russia basa rebei basa, nekuti haisi nokudzorwa rimwe nhindi mitemo uye gwaro racho. Ino Mumhuri Code of Russian Federation, Federal Mutemo "Pahwaro paruzhinji utano vakadzivirirwa Russian Federation", mutemo "On Civil Status Acts", sezvakarayirwa Ministry of Health of Russian Federation "On kushanda dzokubatsira kubata pamuviri ruzivo (ART) mukono nehadzi kushaya mbereko."

Kunyoresa mwana uyo akaberekwa surrogacy, magwaro anotevera:

- zvitupa zvokuberekwa kubva kupfungwa zvokurapa;

- the mvumo of anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana;

- rugwaro kubva muchipatara pamusoro IVF.

Matambudziko chokuita surrogacy

Kune vavengi dzokubereka nzira yakanyanya yoga uye surrogacy. Nezvinetso zvinomuka munyika iyi, vari siyana:

- vana kuva zvakafanana unogona kutenga nokutengesa;

- kune mamiriro ezvinhu umo vakaroorana vakapfuma kana vanhu vasina, vakadzi vanogona kuita basa hakusi kwazvo-akapa vakadzi vanoda kuti mari iri zvose, kunyange gestation uye kuberekwa kwevana, riri chaizvo zvinopesana aite zvaisazogona murume;

- kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai inova anonzi basa pasi chibvumirano, saka mukadzi akafunga pamusoro mari vachava vokutanga uye nezvavanofunga kubatsirwa woga, wako mwana, uye vamwe vari chesekondari uye, sezvo zvinofambira rwenzira;

- Vatsigiri rainge rakabudirira revakadzi raive sangano vakaona kuti muitiro kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe achapa munhu zvakasimbisa kupamba munhukadzi hafu yevagari;

- Vakuru chechi vanoti kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai mumwe kumusumudza kuti Vakabva humanistic nenheyo murume uye zvetsika nemagariro, pakunamata uye mutsika divi womunhu;

Kunyange kana pakutanga pamuviri, mumwe mukadzi akanzwa kuti pasina matambudziko uye zviri nyore kunogona pautsva uye kuberekwa kwomwana wake nokuda 9 months yakasimbiswa pedyo chaizvo uye asinganzwisisiki richibatanidza mwana uye mukadzi kuti iye akapona. Nokuti akabereka wokuva chaiye kunotevera-mwana Kupfuudzwa mumaoko vatengi. Ndicho chaicho kuwanikwa yetsika nyaya kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai.

Mapurogiramu Government kugadzirisa matambudziko ose kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai

Mitemo uye zvose hurumende nepurogiramu inoitirwa kuti kuderedza uwandu Muzviitiko surrogacy, kunyanya kana mudzimai anogona kutakura uye uchazvara mwana yavo:

- zvirwere dumbu, izvo usarega mukadzi kubereka mwana.

- The kwakakwana pasina dumbu pashure kubviswa.

- vanongogara pamuviri, risingagoni kurapwa nenzira ipi aivapo dzokurapa nzira.

- Zvakakomba somatic zvirwere zviri pamberi asingasvavi chete kubereka, uye kunyange pamuviri zvakaoma mwoyo, itsvo, chitaka,.

pamutemo zvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe saamai, dzinoshatisa kodzero vabereki chaivo

Pane vari Russia harisi chete yetsika, tsika uye zvetsika zvine chokuita nedzimwe, asi matambudziko kukosha pamutemo mutemo kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai. kutadza kwakadaro kuti vanotambura mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vanaamai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe, vamwe - vachitambura vakaroorana kana vanhu vanoripira mukadzi kuti pamuviri uye kuberekwa kwomwana wavo. Pakati matambudziko ane zvemitemo hunhu hwakadaro vangazivikanwa:

1) pamutemo zviito uye ugororo nomukadzi anotakura uye anosvitsa mwana. Pashure pezvose, pahwaro mitemo, vabereki chaivo vanogona kunyora pachavo pamutemo uye pamutemo vabereki chete pashure mvumo yacho anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana. Kazhinji pane nguva apo avo wake kuti, kuziva pokunzvenga napo mumurairo, ava kutanga zvinoda mazakwatira remuneration pane akanga nezvaro chesungano pakati pemapoka maviri, kana Real Estate.

2) The zvakafanira torque ndiko kusikwa mitemo yaizodzivirira vabereki chaivo neupambi zvisingagamuchirwi chakaitwa mukadzi wakazvara mwana. Pashure zvose, pane zviitiko apo anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana, vakanga kuisa akanaka pakutanga pamuviri kuti uchatamisa mwana azvarwa zvinoshamisa pfungwa dzavo (uye izvi zvikuru anonzwisisika aite zvaisazogona) uye kutanga kutsvaka nzira kupa mwana. Vanogona vanozviita kunyange pashure pamutemo vanyorwa mwana, uchatamisa mari yavakanga vanekodzero pasi chibvumirano kana enzvimbo vabereki pamutemo. Zvisinei, kunyange pashure ose ezvinhu chesungano mukadzi akasununguka mwana, dare anogona kusiya mwana uye vabereki vanoramba pasina mari, uye pasina vana.

matambudziko Legal pamusoro chikamu anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana

zvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai uye Legal angamuka kubva mukadzi wakazvara mwana pasi zvimwe ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, pane zviitiko kana mwana anozvarwa chero kutsaudzira, zvokurwara kana chirwere uye vabereki chaivo vanoramba kunhonga mwana wangu uye kubhadhara nokuvimba mari ramai. Panyaya iyi, amai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe anogona kusiya kwete chete pasina mari, asiwo maoko mwana anorwara ne mumwe munhu kuti majini yake.

Saka matambudziko surrogacy kuitika Russia, sezvo zviri pamutemo yemibvunzo munyika yedu iri kure wakakwana. Izvi matambudziko zvinhu zvinoda munhu anonzwisisa, nepakati sarudzo nyanzvi, pane kungoramba wakakwana kuti vachanyoresa Fani iyi, nokuti zvisiri pamutemo kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai zvinoreva uye saka chaizvo chaizvo. Uye zvakanaka, kana vanhu vari pasi chibvumirano kugadzirisa chero matambudziko uye kuti vapararire murunyararo, pasina rusaruro kune mumwe dzevanhukadzi, asi kazhinji vamwe nzira kumativi.

Vaipomera saamai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe kune zvirwere mwana asati aberekwa, unofanira kuziva mashoko pamusoro pazvo. Mushure zvose, kubva vasiri nemaonero, panguva nhumbu chirwere hazvigoni vakapfuura kubva anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana kuti mudumbu, ropa ravo harisi vaaisangana. All kwokunze uye munyika mashoko unhu pakuguma majini chechetere. Isakarurama kunogona chete mamiriro mukadzi pamuviri pane mwana, wake mupfungwa uye utano, asi somunhu ushe, zvose izvi zvinoita yakanyatsofungwa achiongorora pamberi pamuviri.

Matambudziko surrogacy zvetsika

Mumutemo Russian pane nhamba mitemo inodzora noukama munzvimbo iyi. Kunyange zvazvo tsika uye zvetsika zvine zvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai vari kure chero dzemunharaunda pamutemo.

Pakati chokuita nenyaya chokuita nokushandiswa kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe saamai, govera:

- zvinokwanisika mupfungwa uye mumuviri zvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe mai uye mwana ari mudumbu;

- pakakuvara mifananidzo ukama uye ukama hwemhuri;

- kudikanwa nechokwadi kwakabva chakavanzika mwana;

- kutyora psyche izvi zvinogona vabereki;

- yezvokutengeserana divi amai (kushandiswa nhengo - muchibereko chemusikana - kushandisa);

- vachitenga uye kutengesa vana.

Zvinetso muviri nepfungwa yacho kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe mai uye mwana

matambudziko Bioethical pakati kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai vane multi-faceted uye zvinoratidzwa pamusoro muviri nepfungwa yacho kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai mwana. iri nyore rino chakatsanangura ndechokuti mangwanani toxicosis, sezvinoita mutemo, vakadzi ava vanotambura kakawanda kupfuura vaya vanokoshesa veko muchero. Pashure mukadzi ane pamuviri anotakura mwana kukambaira, hafu raiva genotype ndizvo. mai Vanotsiva rinobereka michero, dzimwe kune muviri, rine masero kuti ndezvaJehovha vabereki chaivo. Zvibereko nyaya dzakadaro kunogona acharambwa kakawanda kupfuura dzose, pane zvenyama matambudziko (kuneta, kurasikirwa kudya kana kuramba kudya, kurutsa). On dzavaigara uye matambudziko hwepfungwa une (suspiciousness, kunyanya kuzvidya mwoyo, kugumbuka).

The mupfungwa kunotevera ane anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana uye mwana

Yetsika dambudziko surrogacy zvakare zvakapararira. Pasinei chokuti vanotsigira dzokubereka nzira vanoti chete kuti:

1) Vakadzi vasina mukana kutakura uye kubereka mwana wavo pachavo, chete nokuda kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe nzira vanogona kufara amai.

2) Uyewo isingaenzaniswi mufaro kuberekwa mwana majini yavo.

Vasingakuudzi, ave mutemo, kuti pane kwazvo nezvinetso zvepfungwa, nokuti mukadzi vaitakura uye akabereka mwana kare kusangana postpartum mwoyo nemhaka chimbichimbi kuchinja hormone, uye amai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe anofanira kupfuura mwana ari vabereki maoko-vatengi kuti kazhinji chinokonzera mupfungwa kunotevera kukuru. A mwana panguva yokumbozorora nomukadzi uyo akatsungirira kutamburawo, nokuti 9 months, ivo vakasonganira.

Kutyora pfungwa ukama uye ukama hwemhuri

Pane zviitiko apo mbuya unobereka uye anobereka nomuzukuru, vachitaura panguva imwe chete anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mumwe nomukadzi chete anomira uye mai vake, uye naambuya vake, kuti unovhunika ukama uye kuziva zvakafanana pfungwa. Pane matambudziko yetsika zviri kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai. Bioethics Pakadaro wakaputsika uye kutambura vana, avo kusvikira pakuguma havagoni kunzwisisa kwayakatangira uye pfungwa ndiani uyo mumhuri. Kazhinji pane mibvunzo mumwe mwana ari ani: a mai kana mbuya. Kunyange zvichibvira, zviri nani kuti tichengetedze kwakabva zvakavanzika, asi zviri muupenyu chaihwo havawanzodaro nyore.

Kuona mwana mavambo chakavanzika

matambudziko yetsika zviri kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai ndiko kuti pakavanda pamusoro zvakanga kumira uye akaberekwa mwana, pamusoro wayo mavambo. Pashure pezvose, vaya akagumisa nechibvumirano surrogacy uye ruzivo yose kwacho basa rimwe anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana kana vabereki chaivo vanoziva akazvionera zvakaoma sei kuchengeta zvakavanzika kwakabva mwana. Nezvinetso kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai muRussia zviri mberi akabatanidza nokuda hunhu mafungiro, nekuti vanhu vedu vari zvakaoma yokunyarara regai kuparadzira makuhwa.

Chepfungwa vane vabereki chaivo

Inokanganisa pamusoro psyche uye vabereki kuvabereki, kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe amai. Nezvinetso zvinomuka pakuitika, uri munhu mupfungwa hunhu uye ine pakuti:

- amai kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe anogona kuramba kupa mabasa, ndichitora mberi muripo uye inonyangarika mumaruwa;

- kutya mai kuvabereki, ndiani angave asina kungwarira ezvinhu umo nayo anogara mwana uye kana akaipa migumisiro iri azvarwa. Chero zvazvingava, haina kukwanisa kudzora anoberekera mumwe mukadzi mwana;

- pashure pokuberekwa vabereki vanowanzotanga kutsvaka kufanana nomukadzi kuti akavabereka vana, uye kutya kuti aigona kuita chinhu atungamire.