The rinobva permeability pamusoro fuma

The ukama pakati remagineti (H) uye kuti rinobva nekubudisa arambe achirema (B) ari acho kunoratidzwa wenyama kwazvo rinonzi rinobva permeability. Mhedziso rinobva permeability of svikiro - nhamba B kuna H. Maererano International System vezvikwata kunoyerwa muzvikamu inonzi 1 Henry muzana mita.

A Numeric ukoshi dzinoratidzwa nhamba pezvemakuriro kwayo kwakakura yaro rinobva permeability pamusoro Vacuum uye runotaurwa μ. ukoshi uku kunonzi hama rinobva permeability (kana permeability) kuti svikiro. Sei hama, hakuna dzakabatana.

Naizvozvo, hama rinobva permeability μ - ukoshi kuratidza nguva vangani vari induction munda svikiro iri shoma (kana kupfuura) ari Vacuum induction remagineti.

Kana pachena kuti fuma, zvinova magnetized nokuda kwokunze remagineti. Izvi zvinoitika sei? Maererano pfungwa pamusoro Ampere, munyaya dzose kugara achiparadzira nemaziso nemagetsi dzenzvimbo anokonzerwa kufamba maerekitironi mukutenderera muchadenga uye kuvapo kwavo rinobva nguva. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, kufamba iri disordered, uye munda "ukadzimwa" (kukanzura) mumwe. Kana akaisa muviri zvine kwokunze kumunda dzenzvimbo arayira, uye muviri anova magnetized (m. E. Kuva munda wayo).

zvose zvinhu zviri permeability zvakasiyana. Zvichienderana kukosha kwayo, nenyaya nokupesana mumapoka makuru matatu.

In diamagnetic ukoshi rinobva permeability μ - zvishoma pane chimwe. Somuenzaniso, bismuth μ = 0,9998. By diamagnetic vari zingi, kutungamirira, Goldstone, dombo munyu, mhangura, girazi, rehydrogen, benzene, mvura.

The rinobva permeability pamusoro paramagnetic zvishoma kurei zviumbu (nokuti μ = 1,000023 aruminiyamu). Mienzaniso paramagnetic - nickel, okisijeni, tungsten, ebonite, Platinum, senitrogen, mhepo.

Pakupedzisira, boka rechitatu ndezvaJehovha wandei zvinhu (kunyanya nesimbi uye alloys), ane simba rinonzi magnetic permeability zviri (kubudikidza akawanda mirairo kwakakura) kukasapfuura kubatana. Izvi zvinhu - ferromagnets. Kumboda pano zvinosanganisira nickel, simbi, cobalt dzavo alloys. Nokuti simbi μ = 8 ∙ 10 ^ 3 nokuti nickel-simbi chiwanikwa μ = 2.5 ∙ 10 ^ 5. Ferromagnetic nhaka ehupfumi izvo kusiyanisa kubva zvimwe zvinhu. Chekutanga, vane residual remagineti. Chechipiri, permeability kwavo ndiko kushanda kwokunze munda induction. Chechitatu, nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo pane chikumbaridzo tembiricha, yainzi Curie pana iyo anorasikirwa zvayo ferromagnetic zvivako uye anova paramagnetic. Nokuti nickel Curie pfungwa - 360 ° C, nokuti simbi - 770 ° C.

The ehupfumi pakati ferromagnets anosarudza kwete chete permeability asiwo pezvemakuriro ini, anotaurwa so magnetization ari fuma. Uyu kunzwisisa nonlinear kushanda rinobva induction, kukura chinorondedzerwa magnetization mutsetse inonzi magnetization munyonga. Saka, wakati asvika imwe nguva, magnetization kushanda hunoguma kuwedzera (rinobva saturation kunoitika). Backlog ukoshi ferromagnetic magnetization kubva kukura pamwero mukuru kwokunze remagineti induction inonzi hysteresis. Muchiitiko chino, pane kuvimba ane ferromagnet pakati rinobva zvatariswa kwete chete pane ayo mamiriro panguva, asiwo kwayo yapfuura magnetization. Graphical kumiririrwa ichi munyonga basa anonzi hysteresis loop.

Nokuda ehupfumi ayo, ferromagnetic zvinhu yaiwanzoshandiswa unyanzvi. Ivo zvinoshandiswa rotors pamusoro Motors uye emagetsi, ari zvaAtemisi transformer cores uye remagetsi relays, iri kugadzirwa zvinhu zvigadzirwa makombiyuta. The rinobva ehupfumi pamusoro ferromagnetic zvinhu zvinoshandiswa tepi vanyori, nhare, tepi nezvimwe okuchengetera zvenhau.