The thymus shwanu - nechepakati simba immunogenesis

Kwemakemikari anobudiswa nhengo - ndiko kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero pasina excretory ducts, chinonyanya kukosha vavo ndiwo: pineal shwanu, adrenal omumuviri, pituitary shwanu, parathyroid omumuviri, uyewo pabonde uye rwatata. Uyezve, pane simbi, kubatanidza paumbwe mahormone nevamwe vasiri kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumuviri, izvi zvinosanganisira hypothalamus, rwatata kuti, ovaries, placenta uye thymus. Uyewo, kunze ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa, kukwanisa secrete mahormone kupinda ropa, uye dzimwe nhengo dziri: mate omumuviri, lacunar shwanu, itsvo, chitaka, dumbu uye ura.

Thymus, anonziwo thymus kana thymus, ndiye mukuru nhengo immunogenesis. Its chikuru basa iri waidzora paumbwe uye kushanda zvirwere. Zviri pano kuti kuchinja hematopoietic hunde masero kupinda T-lymphocytes.

The thymus shwanu riri seri sternum chokumusoro mubhokisi, pamusoro vascular chiputu mwoyo. Rine mbiri asymmetric fused lobes, rinosanganisira nhete connective Kamudzira uye chinosanganisira cortical uye chepfungwa fuma. Migove of thymus shwanu zvakasiyana kukura, pane zviitiko kana simbi aiva zvenguva mugove. Jira shwanu zvinosanganisira mnogootrostchatyh epitelioretikulotsitov iyo vanoumba nhatu ndeiya yakaita richikurukura naye lymphocytes kuitika muzvishwe.

Kusiya thymus kunoitika pamusoro romwedzi pamuviri wechipiri, uye kuberekwa shwanu ichi ane kunonyanyisa kukura pachinhu zvachose dzomuviri womunhu pamusoro. Pavanenge vachikura reshiyo ichi zvinoderedza nezera uye atrophied anenge chose, uye dzichipfekeka zvose zvinyama wayo kuchatsiviwa mafuta tishu. Pane zvakawanda arteries kuti kubva mupfungwa thoracal uye hwakaderera thyroid arteries, izvo kupa ropa kuti thymus shwanu zvinobva. Its tsinga kuyerera dzomukatikati rumbabvu uye brachiocephalic tsinga, tsitsi innervation akatakura nhungirwa uye vagus tsinga.

Chakavimbika kupfuura uye anodzidzisa chirwere nzira zvinosanganisira immunological uye cytological kuferefeta, uyewo X-ray nzira.

Kuri kuti thymus iri malformations akadai aplasia uye hypoplasia, pane zviitiko chinonyanya immunodeficiency, izvo achiperekedzwa zviratidzo unopinza chinovhiringidza of zvirwere, uye idzokororo anogumbura bowel chirwere, uye kufema turakiti. Mananara aya ndiho kakawanda chinokonzera rufu wevarwere. Naizvozvo, kana iri duku vacheche, idzokororo anogumbura bowel chirwere, uye kufema turakiti anofanira hazvo kudzidzwa dzichipfekeka thymus kudzivirira kuwedzera pamusoro thymus shwanu vana. Chirwere kwokuwedzera uku zvinogoneka chete tichibatsirwa X-ray zvidzidzo. The chikuru radiological chiratidzo kuvapo kuwedzera thymus ndiye vasabatwa imwe chiratidzo, rinonzi columnar kana chinoshamisira mwoyo, kana mumvuri achawedzerwa kukura thymus shwanu merges nomumvuri mwoyo, kutanga noshamisa mufananidzo mimvuri.

The chikuru Zviratidzo zviri thymus shwanu vari: kuwedzera akawanda node nodes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus, zvokukura abnormalities (hudyu dislocation, syndactyly, heniya), hypotension, machena ganda, mwoyo mutinhimira nenyonganiso, hyperhidrosis, kufutisa.

Mabatiro ezvinhu anokonzerwa dysfunction of thymus shwanu, raro kubviswa (thymectomy), dietetics uye kurapa, corticosteroid zvinodhaka. Kana aripo thymic hyperplasia isiri yekenza haana kuratidzwa kurapwa kuti vanoshingaira yezvokurapa kupindira kunodiwa.