Zviratidzo, chirwere uye zviratidzo testicular kenza nevanhu. Ndezvipi zviratidzo testicular kenza nevanhu uye sei kuti vanokurondedzera?

Varume vakawanda richisvika zera rapakati, anozvikudza kuti upenyu hwake hwose akanga asati akashanyira mumwe chiremba. Pakati akanaka bonde kwakadaro kacho shoma zvikuru. Izvi imhaka yokuti nhengo dzakavandika vakadzi vachida uchizvichenjerera, venereal zvirwere zvazvinoita zvikuru. Pashure pemakore anoverengeka ane dambudziko isina upenyu murume achiri aizengurira pamusoro rectal kuongororwa, iyo kazhinji kuenzaniswa kuguma vechidiki. Uyezve, mumwe munda simba kazhinji asingadi vachikoshesa kukosha zvikuru kushanya nyanzvi. Zvisinei, chinhu belated kushanya kazhinji rinopera yokuti vanhu vari panoonekwa zvirwere zvikuru zvakakomba kuti zvinoda munhu anokwanisa kurapwa. Mumwe chirwere kwakadaro rakanyatsojeka ngozi testicular kenza. Photos of zvokurwara ichi chinogona kuwanika kushandiswa zvokurapa mabhuku. Kuti uwane mashoko pamusoro payo, uye tichaita kufukidza munyaya ino.

Description of chirwere

Testicular kenza - a dererei chirwere. The kukonzera chirwere ichi mu varume vakuru zvinosanganisira cryptorchidism, nenyonganiso panguva ufanane kwemakemikari anobudiswa ino, zvinokonzerwa nemwaranzi, zvokuimba kuvadza scrotum.

In nhamba, zviratidzo testicular kenza kenza chirwere varume hakusi kupfuura 2% nyaya. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti hosha kunoratidzwa sehasha. Pakati vamiririri akasimba pabonde pasi makore 35, chirwere ichi kazhinji kukonzera mangwanani rufu.

In chetatu pacho, chikuru zviratidzo vari panoonekwa mu nevakomana. Muna 90% wavo, chikonzero chiri muna akaipa kuchinja benign anomera - teratoma. Iyewo, rinowanika somugumisiro zvokukura zvirwere zviri utero.

Testicular kenza: zvinokonzera

Nhasi, chaiwo zvinokonzera ichi mhando zvokurwara, kufanana nemamwe nekenza, harizivikanwi. Zvisinei, nyanzvi dzinobvumirana uri nekubvirana pamusoro huru zvikonzero kukonzera pokumuka zvirwere - cryptorchidism. Izvi Kunyanya ezvinhu umo panguva fetus kana yokutanga mishomanana upenyu jende hakurevi uchaburukira scrotum. Zvinongoreva unorambira vanonzi inguinal Canal , kana kunyange mudumbu. Most kazhinji chirwere muna oncology varwere vanenge vemunyika zai zvakananga kupinda abdominal mhango.

Ndiani pangozi?

Maererano nenyanzvi, kunyange kana mwana mwana chaiitirwa pokuvhiya, testicular kenza nevanhu sezvo vakura vanogona uonekwe. Pakati huru zvikonzero pamusoro aizotangira, izvo zvinowedzera mukana kuva nechirwere ichi, anotaurwa seinotevera:

• Enhaka kubatwa.
• Kushaya mbereko.
• Klinefelter syndrome (zvepabonde chromosome kukuvadzwa panguva majini chechetere).
• Underdevelopment kuti sikarudzi.
• Kwebasa rinofanira vanga rinenge riri testes kusvika tinozvarwa padanho.
• Chichiitwa zvokuimba chiito.

zvekuchipatara zviratidzo

The chikuru zviratidzo testicular kenza nevanhu zvinotevera:

• chisimbiso chiduku Munzvimbo;
• kuunganidza Urume muna scrotum;
• Kugara kusanzwa, soreness;
• kuwedzera ukuru mazai dzose.

Pakutanga chirwere zviratidzo kenza yacho manhu nevanhu ndiyo inenge chose vasipo. Murwere zvino anowana mumwe wavo chisimbiso chiduku. Muviri unotanga nokukurumidza kuwedzera kukura, pane kusagadzikana uye kunyange marwadzo. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti akaipa zvikuru bundu iri kazhinji kunokonzera marwadzo. It kunoitika chete kana bundu andobata zvachose spermatic tambo.

Muchikamu chinotevera padariro Kugadzirwa zvokurwara vakachengeta testicular deformation uye kuwedzera arambe achirema yavo. Nokuda kuramba kuunganidza Urume tagovera chikamu scrotum anotanga kuwedzera kukura. Kana zai isina rakadonha, bundu hunogona kungoparara vachiongorora zvakananga kupinda inguinal mugero. Zvikasadaro, panguva localization yaro abdominal munzvimbo imwe neoplasm inogona kukura kune rebei kukura. Kune zviitiko apo akatora hafu yacho mhango.

Uyezve testicular kenza Zviratidzo zviri varume dzinobatana nokuumbwa metastases. Izvi, kupfuura zvose, kupfupika mweya, kurwadziwa kumashure uye muhudyu, kusagadzikana mune gumbo edema. zviratidzo zvose izvi kurapwa vari nyore explainable.

Somuenzaniso, shure marwadzo Rinobatanidzwa kuramba compression pamusoro etsinga Midzi retroperitoneal node nodes, iyo vari kuwedzera kukura. Foot edema simuka nokuda bindepinde pakati metastases akaderera vena cava. Zviratidzo testicular kenza nevanhu dzingasanganisira zviratidzo kunyange itsvo kukundikana. Izvi imhaka compression yacho ureter neoplasm.

Mamwe marudzi hosha zvinosanganisira kuchinja mahomoni. Varwere mukuru, vanoonekwa sezvo kusabetsera uye ungaderedza libido. The vakomana vachiri kuyaruka zvingamuka gynecomastia, hirsutism (kunyanya muviri bvudzi anofukidza), izwi mutation.

kupatsanura

Testicular mapundu rinogona mhando mbiri:

• Utachiona Sero (hunde kubva epithelium) - seminoma, teratoblastoma, horionepitelioma.
• Negerminogennye (nekukudziridza mikuru munyama) - leydigoma, sarcoma, sertolioma.

Utachiona Sero bundu musiyano wezvinyorwa (seminoma) rinowanika kakawanda. Seminoma chirwere muna 50% yevarume kutambura nekenza. Izvi pakazvimba aumbwa kuva compressed raiva pedyo nebundu. Kazhinji, inokura zvisanduke uye haina pamwe nekudeura ropa matambudziko. Seminoma metastasis kunyanya kukanganisa mapapu, node nodes uye mapfupa.

zvokukura kenza

Pari rakakamurwa akawanda nzendo chirwere. Nokuda kuti weboka iri pavadzidzisi zvinokwanisika zvikuru zvakarurama patsanura testicular kenza nevanhu, uye pashure - yakakodzera kurapwa.

• Danho rokutanga. Neoplasm riri jende hazvirevi zvinopfuura izvozvo, hapana metastasis.
• Danho rechipiri. Metastasized mapundu vari vemunyika mune retroperitoneal nodes.
• The rwechitatu norwechina nzendo. Metastases kupinda mu kure nhengo kana node nodes.

Uye zvimwe ichaziva yemarudzi kupatsanura zvirwere - TNM, maererano iyo inokosha parameters vamwe nekenza vari runotaurwa tsamba (T - zvechadenga bundu pacharo, N - rondedzero ehurumende nodes, M0 - kusavapo metastases, M1 - kuvapo metastases kure).

Diagnostics

Vakabudirira kurapwa chirwere ichi zvakakosha chaizvo rokuongorora nayo. How kuziva testicular kenza?

1. Kuongorora panyama murwere, kusanganisira palpation pamusoro scrotum pachayo.
2. Laboratory nemiedzo (LDH, BHG, AFP). Inobva wevasungwa pamwero kunzi bundu zvezvinangwa chiremba anoyera kubudirira kurapwa ichi uyewo Zvaifungidzirwa kuti chirwere.
3. Dzidza scrotum kubudikidza transillumination. Nzira iyi kunoreva candling sei nzvimbo ine rakamanikana danda wechiedza. Chiremba Anoongorora zvingave zvakavhenekerwa noruvara. Kana zvinyama pamusoro scrotum kashoma transmits chiedza anogona kuratidza kuvapo malignancy.
4. Radiography kuziva kuvapo metastases.
5. Ultrassom kuzviongorora scrotum uye pelvic zvomukati.
6. CT thorax uye dumbu.
7. Bone mapfupa scan.

Kwokupedzisira chirwere chinoitwa inobva migumisiro testicular tishu biopsy. Kuongororwa biopsy pasi maikorosikopu anobvumira vanyatsoona Kunyanya mhando bundu, uye kufanotaura kupararira velocity kuti zvokurwara.

Vakazvimiririra vanoziva chirwere?

Pakutanga Zvinokurudzirwa kuona Zvinoonekwa testicular kenza nevanhu. Photos of kwakakanganisa nhengo zvinowanikwa specialized Directories. Saka, kana paine kutsaudzira murwere vanofanira kutsvaka kurapwa zano pakarepo.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti manhu utano zvinofanira kuva pamusoro zvakaenzana, asi mumwe nguva dzose ichimuremera kuvatumwa rumwe. Zvikasadaro murume haana kugona kuisa tsoka dzako pamwechete.

Doctors vari zano kuzviongorora mwedzi ose, uye mune noushamwari mumba. The ndechokuti kutonhora scrotum akadzokera zvakasimba zvakakwana. Akakodzera kuita runoonekwa kuti rokuongorora munguva yokugezera. Manhu ndinonzwa vanofanira kufanana vakabika mazai zvakaoma hunovira, uye vane kukura kweinenge 4 masendimita ari dhayamita. Zviremera havafaniri kukuvadzwa. Chero kusagadzikana munguva rokuongorora inogona kududzirwa sezvo yakatsauka kubva kwose kwose.

Chii kenza testicular? Maererano rwemberi yokumusoro chikamu muviri zvinogona nyore kuona kwayo manda - nhete tambo. Chero uremu ndaisa, chingarangarirwa sechinoitika bundu (kazhinji benign). Chero zvazvingava, kana anoona chero yakatsauka kubva ndozvakajairwa hwobva kubvunza chiremba. Iye achagadza wokuwedzera nekuongororwa chirwere, uye ipapo, kana zvakakodzera - kurapwa.

mabatiro

Zviri chirwere ichi yakaoma uye kunoreva kubviswa bundu nezvechii, hunorapa resection pakati node nodes uye systemic chemotherapeutic nomugumisiro atypical masero ose.

Kuvhiya kurapwa kubviswa rakakwana njodzi nzvimbo ane manda. Kana panguva oparesheni metastases ari peritoneum nzvimbo nevamwe retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.

Pashure pokuvhiyiwa, murwere akatumira mishonga. Kunoreva kuva intravenous yaitonga uye kushandiswa dzinokosha kugadzirira ( "Iofosfamid", "Cisplatin", "Vinblastine") kuti kunokanganisa muviri wose. Kufungisisa chokwadi kuti masero kenza vane mwero metabolic yakakwirira, kunyanya pakarepo kuparadzwa pachavo.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, Zvinokurudzirwa anowedzera nemwaranzi chokupfeka. For guru kukura bundu, nzira iyi yokurapa kushandiswa preoperative danho.

mataridzikiro

Kwokutanga maperembudzi chirwere, kuti hubudirire kurapa uye achaita yekudyidzana zvinowedzera mukana wokuti zvakanaka Zvaizobuda chirwere. Maererano nenyanzvi, mangwanani kurapwa achibvumira varwere kurarama kwemakore mashanu kana kupfuura (90%). Kana metastasis Kupona ipfupi kusvika 72%.