Atene: zvinonakidza

Zvichida, vose vanofambisa hope dzekushanyira Atene kamwe chete munguva yehupenyu. Mushure mezvose, kupi, kana kwete mumoyo weGirisi, unogona kuwana pfungwa yezvakabva kune vanhu, uye zvechokwadi wenyika yose nhoroondo. Yaiva paAtene iyo yakava chivako chekare chekare, guta rine zita remwarikadzi weuchenjeri, inonzi inzvimbo yekuberekwa ye demokarasi nefilosofi, saka mabhuku, unyanzvi uye sciences zhinji.

Guta rekare, iro hukuru uye hunhu hwave hwakasimbiswa kwemazana emakore, inzvimbo inozivikanwa yekushanyira kwenyika. Gore roga roga mamiriyoni evanhu vanoedza kusvika kuAtene - maonero, tsika dzomunharaunda, nheyo dzenhema, ruzivo rwechiGiriki unyanzvi hunoshamisa kwazvo.

Nhasi Athene iguta guru rine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinoshamisa, uko mumumvuri weemazuva ano mapurisa ekare eIzzantine matemberi akavanzwa, uye migwagwa yakamanikana inovigwa mumamandarini nemiti yemiorivhi. Kuenda kunoshanyira "pearl" yeGreece, vazhinji vari kushamisika - chii chavanoona muAtene Chokutanga pane zvose? Acropolis, temberi yeMhandara yeAthena, Keramikos, yemitambo yeDionysus, temberi yaPoseidon, Tower of the Winds - iyo iri kure nezera rose rezvinofanira kuonekwa. Ichokwadi kuti rwendo ruduku harungatenderi kukubvumira kuti udzidze nzvimbo dzose dzinoshamisa dzeguta guru, edza kuzivisa zvishoma, mumaonero edu, zvinonakidza uye zvisingakanganwiki.

Chii chatinoshamwaridzana nacho neAtene? Zviratidzo zvekare zvekare zveEurope capitals, zvechokwadi, hazvishamisiki kunze kweAcropolis, unyanzvi hwekukosha kwenyika, iyo chiratidzo cheguta uye kuzvikudza kwevaAtene. Pamusoro pe dombo dzvene ndiyo mahedheni akare-kare eErechtheion neParthenon, pamwe chete nedzimwe zvivako zvakasangana nezana remakore rechi5 BC, panguva iyi ndiyo yakagadzirwa nevakavakwa, izvo nhasi zvinogona kuonekwa nevashanyi.

Kupinda kweAcropolis kunoshongedzwa neProtelaea yakagadzirwa neMuvakil guru, iyo yakaumbwa nePendel marble. Heino tembere yekukunda kusina maturo, yakagadzirirwa mukukudza mwarikadzi, uyo maererano neshoko rakagurwa nemapapiro, zvokuti haana kukwanisa kubva muguta guru. Mukuwedzera kune zvivakwa zvekare, pamusoro pedombo panewo Acropolis Museum, iyo inofadzawo nekushanya. Pamuganhu wekumaodzanyemba ndiyo imba yeDionysus, iyo nhasi, mushure mekudzorerwa kwechikamu, gore negore inotora Athene Festival. Zvakakosha kutarisa uye temberi yeMhandara yeAthena, inofungidzirwa somudzimai weguta.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinofadza kuAtene? Zviratidzo zveguta hazvisi zvishoma kune Acropolis. Kumusoro kuchamhembe-kumadokero kwayo igomo rezasi reAreopagasi, panzvimbo yakange iri pamusangano wayo, munguva yekare Gungano revakuru - dare repamusorosoro reAtenean nyika yakaungana. Chimwe chezviyeuchidzo zvinokosha zveAthens ndecheLikavitos - gomo mumasango emapine mukati, pamusoro payo ndiSt. George, pamwe chete neKeramikos - iri pano kuti madota eAtene anozivikanwa zvikuru anoramba.

Mamita 500 kusvika kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kweAcropolis ndiyo temberi yaZeus - temberi huru munyika, kuvaka kwayo kwakatanga muzana remakore rechitanhatu BC. Uye yakapedzwa muzana remakore rechipiri AD. Inonakidza uye inotengeserana nzvimbo, yakavakwa munguva dzaKesari - yeRoma Agora. Pane imwe nguva iyo forum yakakomberedzwa nechemberi yehurongwa weIonic, yakagadzirwa muzana remakore rokutanga, ikozvino chikamu chiduku chayo chakachengetedzwa. Panharaunda yeAgora ndiyo yekare uye yakakosha chivako cheTurkey muAtene - musikiti Fethiye.

Pamuganhu wekumaodzanyemba kweAgora, unogona kuona awa yeAndronicus - chivako chechina, mukati mazvo pane maawa e hydraulic clock. Iyo chivakwa chakavakwa muzana remakore rokutanga, nekuda kwezvifananidzo zvekununura kwemhepo kumativi eimba iyo inonzi Tower of the Winds.

Zvisinei, kwete chete temberi yekare uye matongo anozivikanwa neAthens. Zviratidzo zvemuGreece guta guru - iyi ndiyo minamisi inonakidza zvikuru. Gomo reGrave Marathon inzvimbo yemuziyamu mukuremekedzwa kweavo vakaurayiwa muna 490 BC. MuHondo yeMarathon . The National Archaeological Museum inoshandisa imwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvakagadzirwa zvekare. Zvifananidzo, zvinhu zvinosanganisa, miseve, zvishongo zvegoridhe zvezviitiko izvi - vatashanyi vose vanogona kuona nemaziso avo mumatumba ayo. Vana Museum inopa vashanyi nzvimbo yekuvakazve yevana neyekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvekare, pamwe nekuratidzwa kwemabasa emutaundi reguta, izvo zvino zviri kuitwa muAthens. Chikwata chinofadza zvikuru chakagadzirira kuratidzira uye musamuziyamu wezvemabhizimisi Kanellopulos.

Zvikepe zveAtene - iyi ndiyo yakareruka, isina ruvara inzvimbo yePlaka, uye nhandare yematombo Panafinaikon, iyo iri kuvakazve zvivakwa zvekare, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Nenzira inofadza, zvinhu zvinokosha zveguta racho hazvina kunyatsogadzikana. Uye kunyange kana iwe uine mazuva mashomanana akasara kuti uone nzvimbo dzinoshamisa dzeAtene, uchave nenguva yekupinda mumhepo yeguta rekare uye uzive zviyeuchidzo zvechiGiriki tsika.