Chii mapurani Ensemble. Mapurani Ensemble of Moscow Kremlin

Wandei mitsetse vakazvipira kuna Moscow Kremlin vadetembi Russian. In Mifananidzo yakawanda nomukurumbira Artists ichifananidzwa Paaidzidzisa Ages mapurani. Moscow Kremlin - hunoshamisa Architectural ensemble muRussia. Uye ndicho nezvazvo ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Mapurani Ensemble - iri ...

Shoko "Ensemble" chakangomuka French. It rinoshandurwa kuti "kubatana, kuvimbika uye connectivity."

Mapurani Ensemble - kunzwisisa yokugara uye voruzhinji, zvivako, uye zvimwe zvivako (mabhiriji, migwagwa, zvivako, etc.) anoumba rakabatana spatial sezvamunoita. zvinhu zvinogona kuva kwete chete dzimba uye dzimba, asi zvivezwa, pazvivako, mabasa ounyanzvi, anovaraidza uye minda. Maonero zveefa Ensemble kuti mapurani kunoenderana nenguva yegore, padanho okuvhenekesa. Kuvapo vanhu, uyewo kusimba yomumugwagwa vane uremu.

Chinokosha chero mapurani zvakaoma Nzvimbo yakapoteredza. Pano inoita basa rinokosha kupfuura nomunzvimbo dzose uye kuvapo miviri mvura (nzizi, madziva, reservoirs).

Kazhinji, compositional muzinda mapurani Ensemble inomira shongwe kana obelisk. Pakati mienzaniso yakadaro inogona kutaurwa mativi St. Peter Vatican Square kana dzeraundi muna Poltava. Kukudza ndangariro chinoshamisa unhu, kana kuti kusimbisa nhoroondo kukosha chiitiko - ndicho chikuru chinangwa vakadzinganiswa ichi Architectural ensemble. Photos of kunzwisisa ichi munokwanisa kuona pazasi (ichi St. Petro Square, Vatican City).

Mhando mapurani ensembles

Vamwe mapurani ensembles wakasika pakarepo uye comprehensively, uri pre-akagadzirira tenzi kuronga. Vamwe vari kuumbwa kwemakumi emakore, zvishoma nezvishoma vaisanganisa ne zvivako zvitsva uye zvinhu. Nenzira, kusarudza yechipiri inowanikwa munyika kakawanda.

Kune mhando akawanda akasiyana mapurani ensembles. Pakati pavo:

• Ensemble of pachivara;
• munhare;
• mabhurocha;
• nhare nemapaki;
• Manor;
• yemamongi ensembles.

Moscow Kremlin - kunoshamisa Architectural ensemble mu Europe

Kremlin muMoscow - ndiyo kupfuura nhare Europe, pakati avo kuti zvichengetedzwe chose kusvikira nhasi. Izvi Ensemble mapurani iri mumwoyo guru Russian, chinhu chikuru evanhu uye zvematongerwo enyika kunzwisisa muguta, uyewo vamwe chiratidzo chitsvene yose nyika. Heino chikuru yakagara President of Russian Federation.

Mapurani Ensemble of Kremlin muMoscow yakavakwa panguva confluence nzizi Neglinnoy kupinda Moscow River. Mativi ari urongwa nhare ndokwenguva nzvimbo 27.5 hectares. Rimwe divi riri bordered ne Kremlin Red nharaunda, uye kuno rumwe - pamwe chete Alexander mubindu.

Mukutanga 90-ies ose pamwero mukuru yokuvakazve kunze mukati mapurani kunzwisisa: zvikurukuru apo imba rukaporeswa neDare weSeneti, uyewo dzimba dzakawanda Mukuru Kremlin Palace. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri vakanga vakadzorerwa masvingo uye shongwe yacho Ensemble.

Zviya, havasi vose vanoziva kuti Kremlin masvingo havawanzoenda mutsvuku, sezvo tose inoshandiswa kuona navo. Panguva XVIII-XIX emakore, maererano akachengetedzwa mifananidzo uye rondedzero, vakanga chena (kusvika 1880). Nhasi, madziro Kremlin neapo akasvibiswa tsvuku pendi.

Chimwe zvinofadza chenhau pamusoro Kremlin zvinoreva nguva Great Patriotic War. Saka, murayiro wakapiwa muna 1941 kupedzisa panharirire nepahwindo kuti nemamiriro aiva nechitarisiko munhu chokugara nzvimbo.

A nhoroondo yezviri mapurani Ensemble

Masvingo ari nzvimbo Kremlin ano muMoscow aripo kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, kare vakanga repuranga, uye saka akatambura zvikuru kubva pamoto. Saka, muzana remakore XIV, kwakasarudzwa kuti vakombe muguta ibwe masvingo (reraimu).

The hwaipfuura Architectural ensemble mu Russia yakabuda munzvimbo yayo ano muchimiro pakupera yacho XV remakore. The shongwe yokutanga yakavakwa pano muna 1485. Kuvakwa kunzwisisa Italian ezvivako vakatora Zvisinei, Zvinoshingaira, pakuonekwa nhare anotarisa chaizvo "mu Russian."

kunakidza chaizvo vari wachi huru yakaiswa pamusoro Frolovskaya shongwe. Munhoroondo yose zvavo achinja runa. Avo kuti anoratidza nguva nhasi, dzakatangwa muna 1852. Five-rwakavakwa nyeredzi nesadhio girazi kuti vashongedze Kremlin shongwe vakanga kuiswa muna 1937.

Moscow Kremlin zvakaipisisa dzaparadzwa panguva 1917 Civil War. Kunyanya, nhamba shongwe kunzwisisa dzakaparadzwa, uyewo zvose zvavovo zvake. Asi panguva Second World War Kremlin akapona. Nemhaka akwanise yokunyengera, izvo vakakwanisa kuchengeta ezvivako Soviet, kuti Ensemble haana pasi bombardment.

Walls, shongwe uye makereke Kremlin

Mapurani Ensemble of Kremlin muMoscow inosanganisira shongwe 20 (vatatu vavo - vari kumativi nemashoko, vamwe - pachivara). Rokumusoro wavo - Utatu, kukwirira kwayo kuri 79 mamita. Zvose Kremlin shongwe dzakavakwa chete mapurani manyorerwo, kunze Pseudo Nicholas.

Shongwe yacho Kremlin, uye mokupera kuvakwa panguva kwezana XIV-XV emakore, sezvo kunyorwa kwenyaya iri XVII remakore. The Kureba yose madziro Ensemble riri makiromita anopfuura maviri. ukobvu yavo zvichisiyana pakati 3.5-6.5 metres uye kukwirira 5 kusvika 19 mamita. Misoro masvingo veguta yakashongedzwa muchimiro mazino, izvo akafanana Inomedza miswe (nhamba yavo yose - 1045). Ivo kucheka-akachengetedzwa shongwe uye pokunzvenga napo, nowenyika chinangwa chikuru ichi chivako.

On mundima Moscow Kremlin vari kereke nomwe uye neshongwe bhero, shanu yamambo zvivako, uyewo maviri anozivikanwa Monument - ndiwo chevaux Cannon uye chamber Bell.

mhedziso

Moscow Kremlin - rakasiyana nemamwe Architectural ensemble weRussia, guru nhare Europe. Nokuti Russian inzvimbo tsvene uye chiratidzo Russian statehood. Nokuti vatorwa vashanyi ndiwo chinhu nhamba imwe, avanotarisira kuona nokusvika kuRussia.