Ballet "Swan Lake". kutamba Tchaikovsky kuti "Swan Lake"

kutamba Tchaikovsky kuti "Swan Lake" - mumwe zviratidzo wokuRussia uri mukuru, ane Paaidzidzisa, iyo yakava rine mupfuma mumhanzi nyika uye "kuzivikanwa" zviri Bolshoi Theater. Mumwe katsamba matambudziko akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya chigadzirwa. Kuwanda tsaona rakaisvonaka mutinhimira, hunhu mabasa Petra Ilicha, akava zvinhu zvose vanoda mimhanzi uye mafeni kwenyika magadzirirwo awo. Ezvinhu kwezvisikwa ichi zvikuru kutamba hapana zvishoma kunoshamisa kupfuura chords or the kuti "Zvinhu pagungwa."

The kuti kutamba

The wokupedzisira kota rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore yakanga chinoshamisa nguva yokuti kutamba. Nhasi, kana yakava chikamu Classics, zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti emakore mashomanana apfuura, ounyanzvi uku vakanga kubatwa sechinhu yechipiri, kukodzera pfungwa musicians zvakakura. P. I. Chaykovsky, asati chete mukurumbira Munyori, asiwo connoisseur mimhanzi, zvisinei aida kutamba uye vachiuya zvesimba, kunyange zvazvo zvakanyorwa Genre ichi, chido hauna akanzwa. Asi chinhu chisingatombotarisirwi chakaitika musi pakanyorwa dzimwe zvinetso zvinhu akasvika yakaronga kubva Directorate iyo akavimbisa rebei chitsama. The muripo yakavimbiswa rupo, mazana masere rubles. Pyotr Ilyich akashanda Conservatory, uye mumazuva iwayo, vadzidzisi, zvakare, haana kurarama muumbozha, kunyange zvazvo, Chokwadi, pfungwa zvakawanda zvakanga zvakasiyana. Munyori yakatarwa kushanda. Ballet "Swan Lake" (tanga pamuviri zita "Chitsuwa swans") yakavakwa pamusoro zano maererano ngano German.

Wagner uye Tchaikovsky

Sezvo chiito zvaiitika muGermany, asi P. I. Chaykovsky, kunzwa risingazivikanwi kuitika Teutonic sagas nemisasa umo Knights uye madzimai akanaka vaibudirira kwakajairika vatambi, enda nyika ino (ichi, nenzira, pamusoro urombo zviri ipapo mapurofesa) . Muguta Washington panguva mharidzo (kupa "Ring of Nibelungen") akabata akanaka kumuzikamwi pakati geniuses zviviri - Petra Ilicha uye Richard Wagner. Tchaikovsky akafara "Lohengrin" uye dzimwe operas yake yakakurumbira navo, pamusoro chii haana kukundikana vazivise hama echiGerman kuvimbika kuna zvibozwa hurongwa. Ake Russian shasha protagonist yakasarudza kudana Siegfried, pamusoro izvo mukuru German haana kuyeuka.

Chimwe husinganzwisisiki German Ludwig II

Paiva neimwe hunhu husinganzwisisiki, kukanganisa ramangwana kutamba "Swan Lake". Wagner sevasingafungi Bavarian mambo, Ludwig II, uyo chinoshamisa munhu, asi unyanzvi chaizvo mumwe rwayo. Kuvaka inoshamisa, tarenda uye kujairika nekiyi, iye akasika kuitika yeMiddle Ages, zvikuru nzvanyira nomweya wokuRussia wenziyo kukuru. Kunyange wamambo rufu, izvo zvakaitika inoshamisa chaizvo ezvinhu zvakanaka mukati rehurukuro riri Biography uyu zvinoshamisa uye inofadza unhu. Kufa inoshamisa mambo akaita kufungwa PI Tchaikovsky mwoyo chaizvoizvo zvakanga hwakaipa mubvunzo kana vauya, kunyange nokusaziva, dambudziko mumusoro wake chinorwadza nyaya, aida kuudza vanhu.

rokusika muitiro

Muna kutamba, sezvo chiito hwagara zvakurukurwa mukuru webato magadzirirwo awo. Maererano netsamba vakararama panguva, tsika iyi kutyora kutamba "Swan Lake". Zvisinei, Content, uyewo vaipiwa kukosha, zviri akasimbisa zvinoreva mumhanzi wakanaka. Zvinosiririsa uye zvinoenderana tsanangudzo isingafadzi kudanana. Sezvo yemitambo utariri wasimbisa mu "Swan Lake" kutamba basa mutengi, iyo libretto akanzi Vladimir Begichev, mutungamiriri Bolshoi. Akanga achibatsirwa V. Geltser, mutambi, uye gare gare munyori pachake chokuita rokusika muitiro. The zvibodzwa rakagadzirirwa 1876, uye vose nokutarisirwa kuratidzwa panguva pakusikwa kutamba, P. I. Chaykovsky, Ungangove, aisatarisira kuti basa iri uchaburuka dzekupedzisira ounyanzvi kuti immortalized zita rake.

Vatambi, nguva uye nzvimbo

Place uye nguva chiito vanozivikanwa se nakisisa. Protagonists zvishoma, chete gumi. Pakati pavo imperious wamambo uye mwanakomana wake Siegfried, mumwe rokupedzisira, background Zommershtern, chipangamazano wake Wolfgang von Stein wake, background Shvartsfels, zvakare, nomudzimai wake, mumhanyi, mudanidziri womuchato, nejichidza mambokadzi, iye ari Aizvirumbidza akanaka Odette, akaita sedonhwe remvura yakaita iye naOdile uye baba vake Rothbart, zvakaipa chinhu muroyi. Uye, chokwadi, zviduku vatambi, kusanganisira Little swans. Kazhinji, pachikuva panguva mabasa mana pane vemifananidzo vasiri vashoma.

storyline

Young, aifara uye akapfuma Siegfried vanonakidzwa kupedza nguva neshamwari. Ari kupemberera, zuva zera. Asi pane nejichidza makwai, uye chinhu chinokwezva muchinda wechidiki vakamutevera kusango. Odette, akatora chimiro chomunhu, captivates norunako kwayo uye anotaura pamusoro kunyengera Rothbart, enchanted naye. Prince anoita mhiko rudo kusingaperi, asi mai-mambokadzi ane zano matrimonial mano mwanakomana dambudziko. Nenguva bhora Iye naOdile akanyatsojeka akafanana nejichidza mambokadzi musikana. Asi kufanana ndeyevanyori chitarisiko, uye nokukurumidza Siegfried anoziva chikanganiso chake. Achipinda kurwa pamwe akaipa Rothbart, asi mauto dzisakarurama. Pekupedzisira vanoda vanourawa, kuti akaipa (kuberekwazve zizi), zvakare. Ndiro zano. "Swan Lake" yava chinoshamisa kutamba, kwete nekuda kwayo mumwechete, asi ndinoonga kuti mashiripiti mimhanzi Tchaikovsky vake.

kukundikana kuratidzwa

Muna 1877, panguva Bolshoi kuratidzwa. Musi February 20 Peter Ilyich akamirira mwoyo uye kusashivirira. Nokuti kufara chikonzero aiva inoshandiswa pakutsigira akatora Wenzel Reisinger, uyo akatadza zvose yapfuura zvakanaka premieres Theatre. Ndinovimba kuti zvichabudirira nguva ino, haana kukwana. Uye zvakaitika. Havasi vomunguva zvose akaonga mumhanzi huru, mupfungwa muchinzwisisa chiito pamwe chete. Zvavanoita Ballerina Polina Karpakovoy mukusika nemufananidzo Odette vakakundikana. A Chorus Line chakabereka yakawanda paunotsoropodzwa nokuda kukodzera t maoko caustic ambotaura. The zvokupfeka uye anogadza zvakaipa zvavaiita. wechishanu kuedza chete, pashure yekupindurwa ano (nayo vachitamba Anna Sobeschanskaya, Prima Ballerina of Bolshoi Theater), iye akakwanisa zvimwe akafuridzira vateereri. P. I. Chaykovsky akanga mwoyo kwakundikana.

Mariinsky inoshandiswa pakutsigira

Zvakangoitikawo kuti kutamba "Swan Lake" akafarirwa chete pashure porufu rwake, izvo haana takatondeswa kunakidzwa kupembera ake. Makore masere okuwana pasina kubudirira zvikuru raiva Bolshoi kusvikira pakupedzisira abviswa repertoire. Kushanda itsva mudariro shanduro choreographer Marius Petipa akatanga pamwechete munyori, zvakavabatsira Lev Ivanov, aiva mano anoshamisa zvechokwadi uye kwazvo zvekuimba ndangariro.

The chinyorwa akanga rewritten, zvose choreographic rethought. Mukuru wenziyo rufu zvakashamisa Petipa, iye akarwara (kuti pave nemamwe ezvinhu), asi akapora, akabvunza pachake kuti pave kutamba "Swan Lake", iro raizova zvishamiso Monument P. I. Chaykovskomu. Akabudirira.

Nechekare February 17, 1894, nguva pfupi pashure porufu munyori, mundangariro yake manheru, mudzidzi L. Petipa Ivanov akapa kuruzhinji itsva shanduro kududzirwa chiito wechipiri, dzinoratidzwa vatsoropodzi sezvo kwakajeka budiriro. Zvadaro, muna January 1895, ari kutamba akanga kufanorongwa panguva Mariinsky Theater muSt Petersburg. Nguva ino akanga inoshamisa kupembera. A shoma husina pamwe mukuru mweya mabasa nekuguma itsva, vanofara. hanzvadzi yake aida mukupera wenziyo Okushamisira Tchaikovsky. Mune ramangwana, iyo troupe akadzokera yepakutanga shanduro, iyo akaisa nanhasi achibudirira zvikuru dzemitambo pose.

kutamba Fate

Kukundikana "Swan Lake", zvinoita sokuti, chaiva chikonzero chimwe nei munyori namatatu makore haana basa ballets. Tchaikovsky kunge avhiringidza chokwadi kuti Genre ichi ichiri kunzi lightweight, kusafanana operas, symphonies, Inn, cantatas uye Concerts, yaakanga akasarudza kusika. Total kutamba Munyori akanyora matatu, mamwe maviri ari "Sleeping Beauty", iro premiered muna 1890, uye vakapa "The Nutcracker" kuruzhinji vaviri makore.

Kana "Swan Lake", saka chakava noupenyu hurefu, uye, ungangotarisa, nokusingaperi. The yose ramakumi remakore kutamba hakuiti achiburuka pachikuva ari kutungamirira dzemitambo munyika. pfungwa dzavo rakatangwa muna ayo mashoko hunoshamisa panguva choreographer Gorsky, Vaganova, K. Sergeyev nevamwe vazhinji. A echimurenga kusvika kune mimhanzi chikamu basa kwakaita kuti awane nzira itsva okusika kutamba, achisimbisa pose utungamiriri Russian kutamba. Connoisseurs ounyanzvi kubva kunyika dzakasiyana, kushanyira Moscow, funga chakakosha kutosvika kushanyira Grand Theater. "Swan Lake" - mumwe waivako haasiyi munhu hanya, kunoirinda - hope yevanondida zvose kutamba. Mazana vakakurumbira vachitamba funga yepamusoro basa rake Odette.

Ndaiziva Peter Ilyich ...