Bamba Gorky. Anotevedzana tafura upenyu zvinhu uye

The Musoro "M. Kunorwadza. Anotevedzana tafura upenyu zvinhu uye "kune nzvimbo inokosha paboka yechikoro mabhuku. Munyori mumwe chakajeka vamiririri idzva kudanana zvinoitwa 19-20 emakore, zvakanga muvambi mugovanisi realism mumabhuku yeSoviet. Biography yake hakuna zvishoma kunakidza pane mabasa ake; izere nematambudziko, basa, kurwisa, kuburikidza izvo munyori akatora munguva upenyu hwake zvakaoma.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Imwe dzepamusorosoro vanyori Russian uye Soviet zvinovava. Anotevedzana tafura, Rakakwanira Biography wake kusanganisira zvinokosha, mumatanho kukosha muupenyu hwake, wokutanga zvacho ake uduku. Munyori akakurumbira ramangwana akaberekerwa Nizhny Novgorod muna 1868. Nokukurumidza akava nherera uye akanga Akaunza yakaoma sekuru. Nokuda kunopfuurira zvinodiwa mukomana akanga asingakwanisi kupedza chikoro vemo. Akamanikidzwa kuramba kushanda kuwana raramo. Munguva 1880s, akararama Kazan, kwaakanga remuSamoa akaedza kuenda kuyunivhesiti; Pano akaita shamwari pamwe populists uye kunyange asungwa.

Kutanga okugadzira zvinhu

Gorky, nenguva patafura Biography inova nyaya pakudzokorora uku, akasangana nematambudziko akawanda uye zvakaoma vasati akava nomukurumbira somunhu munyori. 1890 vakatanga Danho idzva muupenyu hwake. Zvaive munguva gumi ichi, akafamba vakapoteredza nyika, akashanyira rwezasi, akatanga kushanda mabharani. Asi chinonyanya kukosha, kuti paiva panguva iyi ake mabhuku chiitiko rokutanga: anonyora nyaya yake, rakabudiswa kwete chete mumapepanhau ose chizvarwa guta rake, asiwo pedyo munzvimbo. Akasangana ne NdiTolstoy uye Chekhov, mabasa ake vaswedere pfungwa vaverengi uye nevatsoropodzi.

dhurama

Akakurumbira munyori wemitambo chepakuvamba remakore rechi20, yakanga ichivava. Anotevedzana tafura hwake zvinofanira kusanganisira danho idzva iri mubasa rake. Munguva 1900s, akaedza ruoko rwake kunyora mitambo, izvo iye usadzosera nyika yose chete, asiwo European mukurumbira ( "vaFiristia", "The Lower yakadzika"). mabasa aya ari kutungamirira dzemitambo, vaduku uye unyanzvi munyori wemitambo akataura famba itsva kunoshamisa vanyori nguva yedu.

Tafura pazasi ipfupiso mikuru kwawakabva M.Gorky upenyu.

kuenda kumwe

Kubva 1906 kusvika 1913 munyori mupoteri. Zvisinei, akaratidza kufarira zviri kuitika munyika, uye kuenda kwake asati ava nhengo Labor Party. Kunze, ari kunyora yokufungidzira, iyo chakaratidza kutanga mugovanisi realism mune mabhuku. Kunyanya inozivikanwa autobiographical mabasa ake Bamba Gorky. Anotevedzana tafura anofanira kuratidza danho idzva iri mubasa rake. Munyori akanyora trilogy pamusoro youduku hwake, kuyaruka uye munhu mukuru nokuridza mu unyanzvi muchimiro zvose kuti aifanira kutsungirira mumakore kutsvakatsvaka, hwourombo urombo.

dzokera

The October Revolution akatora gakava munyori. Kudivi rimwe, iye Zvisinei aiva mutsigiri mukuru Bolsheviks,, kushora mitemo yavo vakananga vakadzidza. Akapinda upenyu paruzhinji, uye kuonga kwake kuita uye zvinoitwa masayendisiti akawanda, vanyori vakapukunyuka urombo uye nzara. Bamba Gorky, nenguva patafura upenyu iyo chinopiwa munyaya, ukabudira pasi achinyepera kurapwa vari 1920s, asi chaizvoizvo nemhaka pfungwa dzakasiyana pamwe bato. Akararama mumaguta dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuEurope, apo hurumende yeSoviet akanga amukoka kudzokera kunyika.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Anotevedzana Tafura Gorky upenyu zvinofanira kusanganisira chokupedzisira. basa rake. Muna 1930 akadzokera Soviet Union, vakava vanoshingaira, inobatsira kuti nenzvimbo yacho mugovanisi achitungamirirwa vanyori. On ake danho, vakabata guruundano wavo wokutanga uyo mutsva anodzidza kuitika rakaparidzirwa chikuru uye chete zvakarurama. Munyori akafa muna 1936. chiitiko ichi paanopedzisa nenguva tafura. upenyu Gorky uye basa mairi zvinoratidzwa pfupiso muchimiro nokuda nyore nomusoro.