Biological Migumisiro: metamorphosis - nayo ...

Kutaura zvazviri, ari metamorphosis - iri chero kusanduka, tinoshandurwa kuitika muchadenga. Ichi izwi iwayo akakurumbira uye rinoshandiswa muminda zivo yesayenzi siyana. Munyaya ino tichakurukura pfungwa kubva nemaonero zvipenyu. Mukati upenyu sayenzi Fani zvakanyatsorurama inonziwo "metamorphosis", ari munhurume, acharamba kushandiswa kukwanisike kusarudza.

Saka, muna zvipenyu zviri metamorphosis - munhu raidudzwa morphological nokuchinja chipenyu muviri, hazvo kuitika panguva yayo ontogeny. Chiitiko rinowanikwa mune zvose zvinomera uye mhuka. Mumakore metamorphosis rikaitika muupenyu kutenderera vakawanda invertebrates uye vamwe vertebrates: cyclostomes, hove, amphibians. Musimboti zvichiitika kutendeutsa larval muviri (mhuka) kana zvimwe nhengo (mu zvirimwa) kuitira kuti hwomutambarakede akura muviri somugumisiro zvinoshamisa dzakasiyana mamiriro achangoberekwa, physiology uye basa.

Animal metamorphosis - haisi chete unopinza kuchinja mumuviri mamiriro. The chiri pamwe vachinje dzinogarisana uye magariro. Anokosha zera muviri zvakasiyana kubva kuti larval matanho, musiyano iri dzinogarisana, kudyiwa zvokudya uye zvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji. Saka, tinowana zvinokosha metamorphosis zvakasikwa, rinotipa zvinoderedza zvipenyu makwikwi zvokudya, dzinogarisana nezvimwewo pakati zvinenge dzakasiyana marudzi chete kwemarudzi.

Ngatikurukurei metamorphosis kwemhuka. Chinonyanya unoshamisa muenzaniso zvimwe ndiyo boka nezvipembenene. Metamorphoses zvakajairika kuti nhengo dzose dzeboka iri. Zvichiitika kana kutendeuka kwakakwana kana kukwana. Complete metamorphosis kunosanganisira matanho matatu okukura ane muviri: honye-kufanana dukutu, pupa (mira kutotanga, umo muviri vaparadzwa mazana zvachose uye akaumba itsva mutumbi mukuru) uye mukuru Tupukanana. Izvi mhando Fani maitire nokuda Diptera (nhunzi, umhutu), Hymenoptera (nyuchi, bumble nyuchi, wasps), Lepidoptera (kungozvifunga), zvipembenene (ladybirds). By kukwana metamorphosis, pane chete muzvikamu zviviri: dukutu, akafanana mukuru Morphology, uye, chaizvoizvo, vakuru Tupukanana. Kukwana kutendeuka mamirire Orthoptera (mhashu, mhashu, Chidembo crickets), Homoptera (inda dzemuriwo) uye Hemiptera (notupukanana).

Nokuti dzakakwirira zvinomera metamorphosis - imwe nadzurudzo zvimwe nhengo maererano mashandiro yavanobata, pane kuchinja yose muviri. Kazhinji, pakuitika chokupinda embryo, pane vakanyatsosvika nhengo. chirimwa metamorphosis anonziwo okunatsiridza. Izvi Somuenzaniso, imwe girobhu racho (mu uta), spines (mukonde), ndebvu (nokuti mazambiringa), rhizome (Ginger mu), tubers (mbatatisi), uye zvakawanda. Meaning metamorphosis zvinomera zviri kwadzakabva yavo dzezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, ari spines (dzakachinjwa mashizha) zvichiitika miti vaigara inopisa okunze, chimiro chayo anogona kuderedza kwemvura kubva pechiso jira.