Biological uye anotevedzana zera - zera musiyano ... zviri anotevedzana zera kubva mupfungwa

Ngatiedzei kufunga chii chinoumba zvipenyu uye anotevedzana zera. Chero ava pfungwa muitiro pokuziva kuti gogonera maumbirwo, kukura uye kukwegura. Chiitiko pamusoro gogonera kuchinja vezera-chokuita kutsanangura musiyano pakati anotevedzana makore mupfungwa zera.

Pfungwa zvoutachiona zera

Age - kureba nguva yakaberekwa yemunhu chero nguva. Nokuti mumwe munhu ine mwero kunoenderana dzakasiyana-siyana evanhu uye mafungiro zvinhu. Anatomical uye vasiri zera anonzi, zvakatemwa kubudikidza uwandu STRUCTURAL, metabolic, pamutemo, vasiri kwendangariro. Inogona akasiyana pakarenda hwose.

munhu oga

Anotevedzana zera - imwe nguva kubva pakaita munhu akaberekerwa imwe pakuverenga nguva.

Biological uye anotevedzana zera vasingawanzotauri -enderana, sezvo mumwe munhu ane mamwe maitiro nomumwe, siyana mwero kukwegura of vasiri hurongwa, kumhanya kukwegura.

Anotevedzana zera - ichi hachisi chokuratidza venguva urema kuongorora uye hutano kuchembera munhu. Ndicho padanho inotungamirwa morphological hurongwa izvo kupatsanura munhu kubudirira.

Biological zera inechirevo nenhanho pakukura. misiyano nomumwe ari dzinotsanagura kukura vanogona kuchikosha siyana. Kuna kunonyanyisa pamwero anotevedzana framework kuoneka zera panguva yokuyaruka. Munguva ino pane chakakomba vasiri uye morphological rearrangement dzemuviri.

The chidzoke rokuti

Vazhinji vana anotevedzana zera uye zera nepfungwa ndivo chete, asi haugari kuitika. Kune avo vachiri kuyaruka vanenge zvakakomba okuchembera anotevedzana zera zvipenyu. Izvi izwi yakatanga kwezana makore 30-40 wekupedzisira remakore. Pakati masayendisiti Russian vanga kudzidza dambudziko iri raiva PN Sokolov.

Akakwanisa kupa tsanangudzo anotevedzana zera, uyewo kuva rinokosha tafura wezera zvinoitwa dzawo zviratidzo zvikuru. Muhafu yechipiri yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, izvozvo yakabudisa nyaya chokuita chaivo zera. dambudziko iri ndiro kiyi kuongorora kukanganiswa nguva iri kuchinja womunhu muviri panguva dzakasiyana zvokukura kukura, yakabatana ontogeny.

Zvinoitwa kukura kwacho

Munguva allometric zvinoitawo kukura zvomukati uye dzomuviri disproportionate kune mumwe. Nokuda akasiyana prices kukura pane kuchinja zvikuru muviri. Kune zvakafanana zviri hunhu ontogenetic kukura murume:

• chamazuva;
• irreversibility;
• cyclicality;
• dzepabonde dimorphism.

Kutsanangura okuchembera anotevedzana zera mupfungwa zera, funga mashoko aya zvizere.

Chamazuva ndiko kukura siyana gadziriro uye nhengo dzomuviri womunhu mune imwe nguva chinguva, voitakura munyika shoma chimiro. Nhengo bwakashama zvoutachiona hurongwa, kukura muupenyu hwake.

Irreversibility uye zvishoma nezvishoma kukura zvinoreva nokupesana muitiro matanho kana nguva. Kana mumwe wavo chinoshayikwa, dzoka kuna hazvisi zvinobvira.

Cyclicity Rinobatanidzwa ne mwaka yegore, nezuva kuchinja muviri ezvinhu. Aikanganiswa exogenous uye endogenous zvinhu kunosanganisira activation okurambidzwa kana kukura pasi pokudzora guru-siyana kwokunze zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu.

Sexual dimorphism ndiyo chakajeka chinhu inotungamirwa kwevanhu. Izvi zvinooneka pakawanda mumatanho ose ontogeny. "Sex factor" kunokosha, vatsvakurudzi nguva dzose enzanisa varume nevakadzi nokuongorora pfungwa wenguva zera.

Pakati dzinokosha unhu, izvo inokurukurwa nemasayendisiti mubereko munhu akazvimiririra ontogeny leakage. The simba pakukura kwevanhu vose yakasiyana, saka tinogona kutaura chete pamusoro zvakafanana, sezvo asina zvose zvakaiswa anotevedzana zera mupfungwa nokukwegura pa kukura.

Nzira dzekuziva kuti kuziva chaivo zera

Kana anotevedzana zera iri pakutsvaga pasipoti data, zvino kushandisa mhando vanogona kuongorora nomumwe zera mamiriro. The munhu akaidza kwakaitwa maererano zvinodiwa:

• kukura, dzinoongororwa nokuda inotungamirwa yechipiri pabonde unhu;
• skeletal pakunamata chokuita mwero Ossificação em of marangwanda;
• mazino kukura, vakaongorora pamusoro kusakara kwemeno, uwandu meno yechigarire uye Deciduous.

Morphological kukura ari kuona pahwaro paumbwe kutsungirira, zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hurongwa, ari Kufambisa nemafambiro. mutengo wake ari nyanzvi kupa pachishandiswa nokuchinja zvikuru muviri kuti munguva kunonoka kukura mutsipa uye musoro panguva nokukurumidza inotungamirwa maoko nemakumbo.

Kukoshesa Features

Zviratidzo izvo inoshandiswa kuongorora zvipenyu makore munhu anofanira kuita zvimwe mazita zvaanoda. Pakutanga, vanofanira kuratidza nezveimwe kuchinja zera-ukama, kuyerwa kana rondedzero hwakadzama. Conductivity kuyerwa havafaniri kukanganisa hutano pasi, kuti agarise akaipa uye kurwadziwa.

Option tinyatsonzwisisa zvoutachiona zera anofanira kuva yakakodzera kudzidza kunonyanyisa nhamba yevanhu.

Chaizvo kuti Kukoshesa

In auxology kushandisa dzakasiyana mugadziriro zvipenyu zera, izvo zvakazara kugutsa zvose zvinodiwa. Kuwedzera mazino, pfupa zera zvinofungidzirwa kuti kurara kukura, vasiri uye morphological kukura, mupfungwa uye mafungiro zviratidzo.

Chipotera anoongororwa pachishandiswa padanho kukura dzepabonde zvatariswa vari: mutation kwenzwi, kutanga kuenda kumwedzi, kukura mammary omumuviri, pakuonekwa bvudzi muhapwa.

Kana ongorora zvipenyu zera zvokunamata zviratidzi anoshandiswa anowanzoramba zvimwe vasiri enyika muviri.

Pane kuedza kuita kuongorora pahwaro zera zvine dzokuchinja microstructures nomunhu nhengo, asi havana kupa zvakanaka mugumisiro.

Anotevedzana zera munhu hapasi nezvatakarerekera yayo chaivo maitiro. Kuongorora zvipenyu zera tikaenzanisa zvimwe zviratidzo zviri kudzidzwa vanhu vakawanda vaibvuma nemitemo vanozivikanwa kuti urudzi, munhui, zera boka.

Features kutsvakurudza ano

Kutsvakurudza zvabuda vakanga vakakwana uye yakarurama, vatsvakurudzi vanoshandisa zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Kana anotevedzana zera - zviri "pasipoti" paakati, zvipenyu unhu rinowanzoshandiswa se zera pakukura. It chinoratidza kumhanya pachake kukura, kukura, inotungamirwa, kuchembera woga muviri.

Siyana vanhu kukosha kuti kukura uye kukura kuri panguva dzakasiyana zvokukura ontogeny zvingasiyana zvokunyama. Saka kana nokuda boka anotevedzana zera vasikana - makore gumi, ipapo vari zvipenyu inotungamirwa anenge hafu mitezo guru kutsauka (nechepazasi) divi.

Maererano kupokana chaivo uye anotevedzana zera, tinogona kuongorora kusimba nokukwegura, chadzo zvinoitwa nomunhu. Somuenzaniso, nhamba kunonyanyisa wezera-inochinja vaakawana centenarians.

Kuwedzera yedzinza, utachiona zera kunobva mararamiro, kwezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu, iyo yakaumbwa uye anovandudza vanhu. Anotora nezverusununguko kwokunze Kumwe kuchinja kunotanga chokuita muviri.

Vanhu vane chete anotevedzana zera yechipiri hafu youpenyu hwake akasiyana yekudyidzana mune morphological uye dzichipfekeka chinzvimbo. Vaya vane maonero nhoroondo yemhuri iri pamwe zvakanaka mararamiro, tarisa vaduku zvikuru kupfuura pasipoti Data.

Pakati huru kuratidzwa kuchembera zviri zvipenyu zera patsanura kutyorwa inokosha anokosha, uyewo aienda kuchinja-siyana, chimiro chirwere, mikana rufu, kuderedza ya upenyu yasara.

Nzira tinyatsonzwisisa zvoutachiona zera

Iri izwi akanga nokuti kuti anotevedzana zera hakunganzi zvizere nechiyero kuremara uye utano mamiriro kunoitwa kuchembera vemo. Kunyange vezera ake akawana kuoneka kusiyana mwero zera-ukama kuchinja. Biological zera vanogona usefully kuyerwa mune vanhu vane anopfuura matatu. The tinyatsonzwisisa chakarurama izvi zvakakosha evanhu vashandi, vanachiremba, anobvumira rokuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kuti kuitisa socio-Utsanana matanho, vachitsvaka nzira kurebesa basa kukwegura.

Kana chaivo zera shure anotevedzana indekisi, unogona kuverenga pamusoro upenyu zvizere, asi muna magadzirira kukwegura, zvinosuwisa, vanhu zvikuru kwokutanga vanoda kunyatsotarisirwa uye kutarisirwa.

Somuenzaniso, kana pa- kusiyana wachi uye karenda kunokonzera vakurumidze ganda kukwegura, rinowanika kuchena, wrinkles vakawanda aumba. Kunyange mudanga basa uropi uye mwoyo tsandanyama omunhu chitarisiko anopa ezvinhu ake.

Kuongorora zvipenyu zera wokudzidza kwazvo uye misoro zvokurapa uye anthropological kuzviongorora murwere.

Modern tsvakurudza uye unyanzvi

Miedzo akagadzirirwa outpatient zvidzidzo ichisanganisira kunyatsoongorora kukura, muchipfuva sekamufarenzi, uremu, fudzi dhayamita skinfold ukobvu.

Uyezve, vakadaro inoongorora dzichipfekeka parameters ari hurongwa uye zvomukati zvakadai zvazvingava kufema, arterial kumanikidzwa, tsandanyama simba brushes, kutarisana acuity, ECG, vibration wanda, ndangariro mamiriro, psychomotor.

Kubva Murabhoritari zvidzidzo kuona zvipenyu zera munhu, sarudzai ropa kemisitiri, uye urinalysis.

Panguva nguva iyi pane nhamba yakakwana miedzo yakadaro, imwe neimwe ine zvinangwa uye zvinangwa.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti kuedza anofanira kukurukura morphological nzira, pasina kufungisisa mupfungwa zviratidzi chokuita basa waivako, utano, mumagariro kwadzakabva. Nzvimbo iyi haisi chinangwa, sezvo chokuita chete zera-chokuita kuchinja kuti kuitika panguva samolecular chechetere.

Kushandisa nzira kuderedza vanachiremba kuitisa Kutsunga zvoutachiona zera nedzevakuru. Kuongorora mamiriro enyika Moyo ezvinhu, psyche, pfungwa nhengo, zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hurongwa, kufungidzira nhamba mazino utano.

mhedziso

In pokuongorora pasipoti uye chaivo zera kunokosha funga munhu unhu, munhui, dzinza, simba evanhu zvinhu. Psychophysiological kukura anofananidzira bvunzo-Kern Jirásek. Vari kwakavakirwa nokuchinja kukura mumuviri, tava kuderera mutsipa kukura, kuwedzera kukura maoko nemakumbo.

Skeletal kukura anoonekwa rakaisvonaka chokukomborerwa zvoutachiona yezera mumatanho ose ontogeny. Papfupa kukura kumbotambudzika maitiro kuchinja, izvo zvinogona anopamba X-ray.

Typical zviratidzi pazera-chokuita kuchinja ndiyo pakuonekwa nuclei ose Ossificação em uye paumbwe stenoses. Zvakakunakirai kuti zviratidzo izvi vanotongerwa pamusoro mamiriro womunhu muviri.

Kuti skeletal gadziriro rinoshandiswa kuziva zvipenyu makore munhu munguva postnatal ontogeny. With kukwegura anouya osteosclerosis, osteoporosis, vakawanda vadyi deformities. Sezvo kwakajairika nzira kuziva miedzo zvoutachiona zera uye mazino kushandiswa kukura. Kana achienzanisa Data chokuita chairo munhu, pamwe nemitemo akambochera pachine, pakugamuchira dzimwe mhinduro. Chokwadi, pane zvakakomba kusabvumirana pakati pasipoti uye zvipenyu zera Somuenzaniso, vanhu ounyanzvi hwokugadzira okusika: vemifananidzo, vadzidzisi, uye vaimbi. vanhu ava vanoramba vachishingaira yakareba kupfuura mari uye maakaundendi.