Boka rakaremara 3: Ndezvipi zvinobatsira zvavanovimba nazvo? Kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vevanhu vakaremara

Neshoko rokuti "chisina kuchena" uye, sezvinowanzoti, "munhu akaremara" zvinoreva munhu uyo, nokuda kwechirwere chinoramba chiripo chemuviri webasa, ane chirwere cheutano. Chikonzero chekucherechedza kwomunhu semunhu akaremara ndehupo hwekugadzirisa kwehupenyu, huzere kana kuti chikamu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu haagoni kukwanisa zvizere, kushanda, kukurukurirana, kushumira iye pachake, kana, nguva dzose kana munguva, kutonga maitiro.

Zvichienderana nehuwandu hunoshandiswa nemabasa emuviri, boka rekuremara rinotangwa.

Neiyo nzira iyo munhu anogona kugamuchira chikamu "Akaremara 3 boka", ndezvipi zvinofanirwa kupiwa kune munhu akagamuchira chimiro chakadaro?

Kuzivikanwa kweboka rechitatu rekuremara: zviyero

Mutemo weHurumende yebasa kubva pa 17.12.2015 № 1024n inogadza nzira iyo iwe unogona kukodzera kubvuma kweboka rechitatu rekuremara. Inoratidzirwa nekuputsika kwekutaura kwemashoko (mutauro), mupfungwa, masayendeni, mabasa ekufunga, mabasa epakati, uye kuora kwepanyama.

Maererano nemutemo uyu, kukanganisa kusinganyanyi kukosha kana kuenzanisa kwemabasa emuviri womunhu, 40-60%, zvichikonzerwa nemigumisiro yekukuvadzwa, zvirwere kana kukanganisa, kana zvikakonzerwa nemiganhu yehupenyu, inofungidzirwa sezvikonzero zvakadaro.

Medico-hutano hwevanhu hunofanirwa kune chiremba wekuenda kune chiremba ane kodzero yekuona hurema kana kuramba urongwa hwe "Vakagadzikana neboka 3". Ndezvipi zvikwereti zvinowanikwa mune rimwe boka kana imwe, iyi inotevera mitemo yehurumende nemitemo yemunharaunda yeRussia Federation inotarisa.

Kuremara kwemari, EFA

Kubvira pakupedzisira kurondedzerwa, 01.02.2016, chikamu chemari yehupfigiro iyo inobhadharwa kumunhu anoonekwa sechiremera cheboka rechitatu ndere 4053.75 rubles pamwedzi. Kubhadhara kwemwedzi kunowanikwawo kune mapoka ose evanhu vakaremara. Kune boka rechitatu rekuremara ndevari 1236 rubles.

Kazhinji vanhu vane chimiro chakanaka vanofarira: Ungaporesa mubhadharo inogona kumira here kana mupiro ari kushandiswa? Mumitemo iripo, hapana mvumo yakadaro. Mari yepensheni haichazogadziri kana muchengeti wepenteti awana nzvimbo yakakodzera yebasa uye achawana mubhadharo. Chimwe chinhu ndechokurega basa muhuchembera. Unogona kungowana penheji yemhando imwe chete, asi mubairo wepensheni ane kodzero yekusarudza chikwata.

Mitauro uye zvikamu zvezvikomborero zvinogona kupiwa kune vasina simba

Kuita kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa mhaka kana munhu ane chikwata chemunhu akaremara weboka 3, zvipi zvinobatsira zvinonzi pasi pemutemo weRussia, zvinotevera zvinotengeswa zvinogona kuratidzwa kwenguva pfupi:

1. Kuparadzanisa zvikonzero zvekuremara. Kuvapo kwemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo muitiko wekukuvadza (kurwara) iyo inosanganisira kuremara kunowedzera kune zvimwe zvikwereti uye zvikwereti, somuenzaniso, chikamu che "vakaremara kubva paucheche" kana "kusakosha kwemauto ehondo". Kana pasina zvikonzero zvakadaro kana magwaro anosimbisa mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ekugamuchira chirwere (kukuvadzwa), munhu wacho anogamuchira chimiro che "chisina kukodzera cheboka rechitatu chechirwere chinowanzo", zvinobatsira munyaya ino zvinowanikwa chete maererano neboka iri rekuremara.

2. Kuparadzaniswa nenzira yekupa zvipo kuvanhu vane hurema:

• Zvinyorwa (mari): zvinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, mitero uye mari yekubhadhara;
• Chiremba: kodzero yekusununguka kurapwa, kupa kwemishonga nezvimwewo;
• Ropafadzo mune mutsa: rusununguko rwakasununguka kana rusarudzo rwezvokudya uye (kana) zvokudya zvinopisa, rupo rwekufamba tambo, ngoro, motokari dzokutakura nevamwe;
• Tsika (chimiro) inobatsira, kupa chikonzero chekutanga kune chimwe chinhu.

3. Kurambidza ne periodicity:

• Nyaya inowanzozivikanwa ndeyekubatsira kwemazuva ose, semuenzaniso, kubhadhara zvikwereti zvemari kana kutora mishonga inodiwa;
• Gore negore (sanatorium kurapwa, nezvimwe);
• Rimwe-nguva kana zvikomborero ne periodicity yakareba: yakadai inosanganisira kugadzirisa kugadziriswa pamusana pekusununguka kana kusarudzwa, kuiswa kwefoni yakatarwa, redhiyo nezvimwe.

Zvose zvinobatsira vanhu vane hurema

Kutanga, zvichida, zvinonzwisisika nehurumende yakawanda inofanirwa kubhadharwa inopiwa nemitemo yehurumende yezvikamu zvose zvevanhu vane hurema. Tichajekesa: kunyange zvikomborero zvakatemerwa mumutemo wezvikamu zvose zvevanhu vakaremara zvinogona kusiyana zvakasiyana nehukuru kana humwe hwehupo, zvichienderana neboka rekuremara. Zvinonzwisisika kuti boka rimwe chete kazhinji rinowanzobatanidza kubhadhara zvakanyanya kudarika zvinobatsira vanhu vane hurema 2 nemapoka matatu, nokuti yekare ane zviremera zvikuru muupenyu.

Mukuwedzera kune kodzero yekuwana mari yekubatsira, iyo yaifungidzirwa pamusoro apa, uye kodzero yekunyoreswa kwayo nguva dzose, pane zvimwe zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa nemunhu akaremara wemapoka matatu. Ndezvipi zvinobatsira kune vanhu vose vane hurema kana mwana akaremara?

Kutanga, ndiyo mukana wekuwana (kutenga) nzvimbo yenyika maererano nekodzero dzevhudzi - kune imwe imba yekuvaka kana kuti mubatsiri (dacha, munda) purazi.

Iko kodzero yekunakidza (uye kune mamwe mapoka uye pasina mari) kutenga motokari yakagadzirirwa kana motocycle. Izvi zvinosanganisira kodzero yekubhadhara pamari yeavo vakaremara kuti vashandise motokari yakadaro.

Vanhu vakaremara vane mwedzi wemari shoma pane huwandu hwekuchengetedza hutsika hwakagadzwa nemitemo vanewo kodzero yokusununguka kushandiswa kwemasangano ekudzivirirwa kwevanhu (vashandi vehutano).

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti huwandu hunobatsira hwevanhu vane hurema muGulu 3 nekuda kwechirwere chinowanzosiyana chinogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya, somuenzaniso, kubva kumabhadharo anopiwa maboka 1 ne2. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvinonzwisisika kujekesa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pezvinowanikwa hurumende nehutano hwemagariro munyaya imwe neimwe kubva kune imwe nyanzvi yemasangano ehurumende. Kudzivirirwa. Mukuwedzera, zviito zvepamutemo zvemuganhu zvinotarisa zvipi zvinobatsira zvinowanikwa nevanhu vane hurema muzvikamu zvitatu munzvimbo imwe neimwe yeRussian Federation.

Kubatsira kwekugara kwevanhu vakaremara

Mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika unopa zvinotevera kubatsira kwevanhu vane hurema muboka rechitatu: munhu asina kukodzera ane kodzero yekuwana 50% yemari yaanoshandisa mwedzi woga woga kuburikidza nePensheni Fund, kubhadhara mari nehupfumi. Iko inopawo imwechete iyo mvumo yekutenga mafuta ekupisa kweimba.

Major overhaul. Pane pane zvingabatsirika zveboka rechitatu here?

Ngationgororei zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai "mutemo", pamusoro pemari yemwedzi, sezvakazoonekwa munguva pfupi yekubhadhara "yekugadzirisa kukuru". Iro shoko shomanana nhasi uye mamwe "maonero" ezvinyorwa panyaya iyi pamusoro pemhando zhinji inoita mhinduro kumubvunzo wekubatsira kwekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa kwakaoma. Maererano nemutemo wezvino, vanhu vane mikana isina kukwana, pasinei neboka ravo, vane kodzero yekubhadhara-kubhadhara hafu yenguva yekukwanisa kugadziriswa kweimba yeimba.

Mutero wemitero

Iko "hurukuro yokubhadhara mitero" kubva kuhurumende kusvika kune vakaremara veboka rechitatu ndiko kusunungurwa kubva pamitero inowanikwa. Havasi pasi pekubhadhara kwose uye zvikwereti izvo vakaremara vanowanikwa kubva kuhurumende, rubatsiro kubva kune vanobatsirana, penhenda yehurumende, mari yezvibvumirano kune chinangwa chekurapa (kunze kwevashanyi).

Izvo zvinoshandawo kune rubatsiro rwepanyama kubva kumushandi kana mushandi akarega basa nekuda kwekuremara, uye mubhadharo wekugamuchira mishonga kubva kune waanoshandira, asi kusvika ku 4000 rubles.

Kune imwe nzira yakanakisisa yekubhadhara mutero wekutakura: motokari yakatengwa nemusina kuvharwa paunoshandiswa kune miviri yekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu haina kubhadharwa. Asi mutemo unoti izvi zvinofanira kuva motokari ine injini yepamusoro pevashandi vemazana zana, vane zvigadzirwa zvakanakisisa kana kuvakwa kwakakosha. Kazhinji kazhinji nyika-mugadziri wemotokari "yakasiyana" iyo Russia. Batsiro yevakwegura 3 mapoka, zvisinei, haashandisi kune mitero pazvipo kana nhaka - mutoro uyu wemutero unofanira kubhadharwa zvakakwana.

Zvemagariro evanhu. Mishonga yakasununguka

Vanhu vakaremara vanogona kuwana rubatsiro rwakakura kubva mune zvekugara kwevanhu. Ndezvipi zvinobatsira munhu akaremara munzvimbo iyi?

Chikamu chebhadharo yemwedzi pamwedzi inopiwa kune munhu akaremara nenzira ye "purogiramu" yemagariro evanhu:

1. Kupa "zvinotenderwa" mishonga pasina. Chiremba kana chiremba wepolyclinic panzvimbo yekunyora ane kodzero yekuvarayira zvikonzero zvekurapa: zvichienderana nehutachiona, asi zvakanyatsoenderana neMutauro Wemishonga unogamuchirwa neHutano hweHutano neHurumende. Iko kunewo zvakakosha pakutenga kwemishonga isina kunyorwa muzvinyorwa pamitengo yakasarudzwa.
2. Kururudza mumunda wekugamuchira spa inorapwa, inowanikwa munyaya imwe neimwe yega, zvisingabhadharwi kana pamitengo yakaderedzwa - rubatsiro rwakadaro runoitwa pane zvoutano. Kupiwa kwegore kamwe pagore muhuwandu hwehafu yezvinotengeswa zvekutakura zvinhu zvose zvekutarisa kure kure.
3. Kufambisa kufamba mumuguta uye mumugwagwa kutakura vatakuri.
4. Zvigadzirwa kana rubatsiro mukutsvaga maikirwo emakirini.

Kana akadikanwa, munhu akaremara angaramba kugamuchira zvose kana chikamu chezvakabatsirika zve "social package" nekuisa chirevo chinotevera kuvane masimba ekudzivirira hutano.

Muchiitiko ichi, zvinobvira kudzorera kuwanikwa kwemabhadharo akatsiviwa nemari yemari chete kubvira pakutanga kwegore rinotevera apo chikumbiro chekudzorerwa kwekubhadhara kwakasarudzwa kuchaiswa.

Musha wehutano huripo

Sezvazvakataurwa, kusava neboka reboka rechitatu, rine mari inenge isingasviki pasi pekuchengetedza zvishoma, inogona kuda kubatsirwa pasina mukana wekuchengetwa kwemusha.

Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira rubatsiro mukuendesa kwemishonga nemishonga, kuchengetedza mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano mumusha, kuwana rubatsiro rwezvokurapa uye kunyange rubatsiro rwakakodzera rwemhosva.

Inopawo mukana wekugamuchira mari yevashandi vezvemagariro evanhu, iyo inogona kupiwa kune vanhu vane hurema hwemhando ipi zvayo. Nhamba yebhadharo yemasangano ehurumende inosanganisira sarudzo yekuchenesa uye kushambidza ndiro yekubatsira pakunyoresa mumatare ehurumende.

Kubatsirwa kwekugamuchira chikoro chekudzidzisa nekudzidziswa

Vanhu vane urema mapoka matatu ane kodzero yekubuda kunze kwekukwikwidzana kupinda muI OS, kunze kwekunge mamiriro emigumisiro yakanaka mukuongororwa kwemukova uye kusavapo kwezviratidzo zvekurapa kwekurapa. Vadzidzi vane hurema vanobhadhara mari yekubhadhara, ukuru uye kugamuchira izvo zvisingatenderi nehutano uye zviratidzo zvekudzidziswa.

Kubatsirwa kwevakwegura vane hurema

Ndezvipi zvinobatsira kune vakaremara vanhu vemapoka matatu zvakarongeka mune zvisingabatsiri? Nhoroondo yavo ndeyotevera:

• Kutenga mishonga inodiwa ne 50% kutengesa;
• Kubhadharwa kamwe pagore muhuwandu hwemari yekutengesa mari dzose dzekutengesa kure (kuenda uye kubva panzvimbo) kuenda kuguta re sanatorium-uye-spa kurapwa;
• Zvikwereti zvitsva zvekutenga mamwe marudzi emhemberero yemasopa.

Batsiro munharaunda yebasa uye basa

Tichifunga nezvekubhadharwa kwakasarudzwa kune munhu anoshanda ane hurema, hazvirevi kugara pamusoro pemubvunzo uyu: vanhu vakaremara vane mapoka matatu kana vachishanda kana vari kushanda?

Chinhu chokutanga kuisa pfungwa pa - kuremara kweboka iri harisi chikonzero chokuramba kushanda basa rakakodzera zvikonzero zvekurapa. Uyezve, maererano nemutemo wezvino webasa, sangano rinoshandisa vashandi vanopfuura 100 rinodiwa kuti rive nenzvimbo dzakashongedzerwa dzakagadzirwa kune munhu akaremara uye kugamuchira vashandi vakaremara vashandi.

Chimwe chiitiko chinokosha chekuti Federal Law "Pamusangano Wekuchengetedzwa Kwevanhu wevanhu Vakagadzikana muRussia Federation" inotumira kune vashandi ndeyekuti hazvibvumirwi kugumisa kontrakiti yebasa nemushandi ane hurema paanenge achitsvaga basa, iro richaputsa kodzero dzake mune chimwe chinhu kana zvichienzaniswa nevashandi vasina hurema. Somuenzaniso, kana iri mubvunzo wekuderedza mubhadharo wekuita basa rimwe chete.

Kana kutaura pamusoro pezvikomborero izvo zvisina kukodzera zveboka zvitatu zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira, zvino pakutanga kwe 2016 urongwa hutsva hwakashanda:

• Zuva rega rega kwenguva yakareba - kubva pamazuva makumi matatu emangwanani;
• Iko kodzero yekuenda kwegore negore pasina kubhadhara (mubhadharo) - kusvika kumazuva makumi mashanu ekurenda;
• Kupiridzwa kwe50% yekubhadhara kwechipatara sanatorium, kusanganisira kuenda kunzvimbo yekurapa;
• Zvinorambidzwa kuita mubasa pakupera kwevhiki uye mazororo kana nguva yakareba pasina kubvumwa kwakanyorwa kwevashandi vakaremara;
• Chikomborero chekugara kwemishonga pahafu yekutengesa.

Kana mushandi wacho asina simba reboka rechitatu rechirwere chinowanikwa, ruzivo rwekudzikisa mushandi kwaari haruna kupiwa neR Code Code. Asi pane chimwe chikamu. Mukati apo zuva rakashanda rakashanda rinoratidzwa mumhedziso yemutano, mushandirwi ane basa rokutapudza kana nguva yekutendeuka, kana kuti vhiki yekushanda, asi pasina zvigadziriswa pane chimwe chinhu.

Chii chinopa mamiriro e "mwana akaremara"?

Zvimwe zvakasarudzwa zvinokonzerwa, kunyange zvisati zvakakura kwazvo, zvinorema kubva pauduku 3 mapoka. Zvikomborero zvakapiwa kune vanhu vane chirwere ichi zvinonyanya kuwirirana nemitero yekubhadhara:

• Kuregererwa kubva pamutero wemutengo (asi chete pane pfuma yemunhu);
• Kune munhu akaremara zvechikwata ichi, kuvhura bhizinesi, inopiwa nekuda kwekubhadhara mari yekubhadhara;
• Mukana wekugamuchira gwaro rekugara, mutero unoregererwawo hauna mhosva;
• Mutero wemunharaunda: pane imwe nzvimbo yenzvimbo yemunhu akaremara (kana imwe yezvivako), bhesi yemitero inofanira kuderedzwa, uye muwandu we "discount" nhasi kune zviuru gumi zvebrule.
• Kutengesa mutero kwemitero yega yega yomutero: nokuda kwemabhora 500 / mwedzi woga woga, uyo unosanganiswa mumutero wemutero.

Nokudaro, vanhu vakaremara vane zvakawanda zvekuregererwa kwemitemo yehurumende kuti vimbise hupenyu hwavo hwakanaka uye hwakanaka muhupenyu.