Bulls: Bulls dzinoita vavo unhu. Meat erudzi nzombe

All dzemarudzi mhou vakakamurwa munzvimbo huru zvitatu: mukaka, nyama uye mukaka uye nyama. Yokupedzisira mhando dzemhuka iri kusiyaniswa huru uremu uye kukura unodiwa. Meat kubva mhou dzakadaro kazhinji yakafukidzwa pedyo nuna layer uye naizvozvo, zvakasiyana wakapfuma uye kuravira kukuru. Uye yakafanana paanopfuura mhuka nomukaka dzinoita anogona ndazvirumbidza mhou nzombe. Beef erudzi nzombe yemanyorero vane mwero iri kutarisirwa uye dzichifura.

General zvechadenga pamatombo

The chikuru chepfungwa maberekero pakati mhou ndechokuti mhuru iri vanoyamwisa vana panguva mai matanhatu navasere mwedzi. Rinotsanangura yakadaro refu nguva nyore. Beef mhou - kusara shoma - vasiri milked. Mumakore akatevera 5-8 mwedzi, vaduku mombe nemhuru vakaramba zvakavhenganiswa zvokudya, uswa nemiriwo. Kwechinguva asati uuraye akura mhuka iri kune zviyo zvokudya. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti awane migumisiro yakanakisisa maererano kufuta uye nyama yepamusoro. Goho okupedzisira zvinogona kusvika kusvika 64% kubudikidza kurema ingi.

History of Kalmyk erudzi

Ndicho yakanakisisa mumhuri nyama mombe erudzi. Akanga akatunhidzwa anongofamba Kalmyk steppes muCentral uye Middle Asia. MuRussia, rudzi akatanga kufarira uye vakatanga kubereka makore anopfuura 400 apfuura. Apo isu kune kumavirira anongofamba Kalmyk erudzi nzombe yawana mukurumbira kutanga kuSiberia, uye zvadaro Volga uye Don.

Key zvinhu

Bumbiro yemhuka idzi hombe, simba uye yakabatana. Muviri kwakasiyana raidudzwa nyama siyana. The chikuru chinoratidza rudzi ichaongororwa kuva pasina occipital penyika mumusoro. Kalmytskaya mhou anogona kuyera 450-600 makirogiramu. 800-1100 makirogiramu - zvanzi anozvikudza nzombe. Beef erudzi hando yavo nokukurumidza. Pakazvarwa Kalmyk mhuru nokuyera anenge 20-25 makirogiramu. Mugore, tsiru anogona kupa mukaka 800-1500 makirogiramu. Izvi zvinopfuura zvakakwana kurera utano, vaduku zvakanaka dzakabudirira.

Color mhou erudzi urwu kazhinji tsvuku kana matsvuku. Panewo tsvuku-mavara, mashava-mavara uye mutsvuku wevamiriri vayo. dombo Used kusanganisira somubereki panguva maberekero. Somuenzaniso, kubudikidza kuyambuka Kalmyk, Hereford uye kuKazakhstan mhou rwaiwanikwa Kazakh chena.

kutarisira

Kalmyk erudzi hakurevi anokosha ezvinhu chero kana dzichifura. Zviri akaomarara chaizvo mhou nzombe. Rora hando akaberekwa vazhinji emakore mumamiriro ezvinhu zvokuora Continental okunze, nguva dzose zvikuru kuchinja kuti kwakaomarara dzinongoitika zvinhu. Kana kutora chigaro pamwe zvikuru ezvinhu mhuka anofanira akaderedzwa pakarepo, pasina zvinopesana yauinayo. Unpretentiousness Saka mukuru zvinobatsira Kalmyk erudzi. Kunyange varombo, zuva-akabika inowanzorimwa dzokumafuro, mhuka idzi nokukurumidza fatten uremu. Nyama mhou izvi ndizvo zvinonaka uye zvinovaka. Kalmyk mhou dziri akatunhidzwa kunyanya dzisinganayi inowanzorimwa kumatunhu munyika.

Hereford

mhuka idzi dzakanga akaberekwa muzana remakore rechi18 muEngland. Kamwe Hereford nzombe inoshandiswa ruchikonzera chete ari kushanda unganidza. Zvisinei, kare muzana remakore rechi18 maberekero unechinangwa kwakaguma mhuka zvikuru zvibereko. Hereford akatanga Export kune dzimwe nyika. Panguva iyoyo ndiyo inonyanya nyama erudzi munyika. In Russia wakatangwa muna 1928.

Features

At Hereford mhou zviri kwese kuti nyama nomuviri. Mutumbi wavo dhiramu, squat uye rakapamhamha, mutsipa iri pfupi uye tsandanyama hamu. Color kubva yerima tsvuku matombo. Panyaya iyi, iyo hunooma, musoro, jowl, dumbu uye makumbo ezasi - chena. Misa mhou - 550-650 makirogiramu, 850-1000 makirogiramu anogona kusvika nzombe. Species Hereford nenzombe Kalmyk uye nokudaro kukwanisa fatten uremu mumwe anenge sezvo zvakanaka. Animals ane zvikuru kwazvo. Meat kubva Hereford "marbled" pamwe mitaro, inonaka chaizvo, uye ayo goho inogona kusvika kusvika 62% kubudikidza kurema ingi.

Care gerefordami

Sezvo Kalmyk, Hereford mhou akasiyana ruggedness uye kukwanisa kuchinja utsinye okunze. Hunhu mhuka idzi akadzikama chaizvo ushamwari uye. The zvokudya chose vane mwero. Mhuru vanoberekwa diki (25-30 kg), asi nokukurumidza kupfeka uremu uye kushanda regai kurwara.

Russian hornless

Ichi chimwe erudzi zvikuru zvibereko zvezvipfuwo nyama. Akanga akaberekwa muna Volgograd dunhu ichangopfuura - muna 2007. The chikuru chinoratidza rudzi ndiko sutu dema. Misa hornless mhou Russian anogona kusvika 550-550 makirogiramu, nzombe - 1100 makirogiramu. erudzi urwu, kufanana zvikuru nedzimwe nyama, vane mwero chaizvo uye kunzwa zvakanaka, kunyange rinooneka Continental okunze. Chimwe chakanakira ndiye Russian hornless nemishonga chirwere. Nyama mhou izvi, "namatema."

Abedin Angus

mhuka idzi dzakanga akaberekwa muna Scotland muzana remakore rechi18. In Russia vamiririri erudzi urwu yokutanga vaitenga muna 1917. Zvisinei, chinokosha kukurumbira panguva, havana kuwana. The kechipiri mhuka idzi vakaunzwa kunyika muna 1948. Rora mitsetse hornless zvakasiyana dema uye simba remitemo. Feet-Abedin agusskih mhou pfupi, uye musoro iri diki. Mumwe unhu erudzi urwu precocity. Mhuru pakuzvarwa vanoyera anenge 25 makirogiramu. Live nzombe uremu - 750-1200 makirogiramu. Mhou vanogona kusvika huremu 450-500 makirogiramu.

Limousin erudzi

Pakutanga, mhuka idzi dzakanga akaberekwa sezvo nyama uye dheri. Limousin mhou rwaiwanikwa muFrance muzana remakore rechi18 kuburikidza kuyambuka Aquitanian nevamwe mukuru-kuzvirereka dzinoita. Gare gare, rutoto basa rakanga kutaurirwa dzichiri kunyanya nyama yepamusoro. In Russia erudzi urwu akanga kupinza mukutanga 60s.

Rora nzombe Limousine ane dzakabudirira tsime tsandanyama muviri uye musoro diki uye nyanga. Izvi shoma chaizvo mhuka (mhou - masendimita 135 bullhead - 145 cm). Mhuru vanoberekwa diki - makirogiramu 40. Zvisinei, panguva rokuurayiwa inogona kusvika huremu 310 makirogiramu. Rora siyana ruggedness uye kuramba zvirwere. In France, ndiyo imwe pfungwa yakajairika. Good kuravira ane nyama sezvo limuzinskih mhuru, izvo kazhinji kuzadza kutengeswa, uyewo mhou vakuru uye nzombe.

Other dzakakurumbira dzinoita

Meat erudzi nzombe pamusoro apa munyika yedu zvakafanana chaizvo. Zvikurukuru, Kalmyk uye Hereford. Asi zvakadaro pamapurazi kazhinji kukura nyama uye dheri mhuka. Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira dzinoita mune mirayiridzo iri Simmental. Izvi zvikuru zvibereko uye kwete mhuka zvakare whimsical. Of dheri dzinoita vari chaizvo dzakakurumbira chaizvo Holstein.

Simmental mhou

We vakauya mhuka idzi muSwitzerland. Noumwe nguva simentalki vakanga isingabereki mhou gomo. Zvisinei, basa rakawanda riri kusarudza zvakanakisisa mhuka vakapa nemigumisiro yakanaka chaizvo. Nhasi Simmental nzombe dzinoberekera - guru, achipa zvakawanda mhuka mukaka. Bumbiro izvi simba kwazvo, tsandanyama, dzimwe nguva kunyange mafungu, varefu, uye mapfupa akasimba. Kubva imwe mhou vanogona 3500-6000 makirogiramu mukaka pagore. Weight hando vanogona kusvika 900-1000 makirogiramu. Mhou - 600-900 makirogiramu. Mhuru vanoberekwa zvakarurama guru - 60 makirogiramu. Slaughter nyama goho kungava 56-65%. Simmental mhou zvakanaka kushivirira zvakanyanyisa kutonhora nokupisa. Zvisinei, kuti pave nemigumisiro yakanaka, vanofanira zvakanaka zvokudya.

Rudzi rune wandei vysokomolochnyh mitsetse. Sanganisa mhou izvi kunyanya nhema ivhu kumatunhu Russia uye Ukraine.

Holstein mhou

Home mhuka idzi ndiro Netherlands. Zvisinei, ayo ano mukuru zvibereko Holstein nzombe erudzi chikwereti America mwene kubva Belmont Vinsropu B. Chenery. Panguva iyoyo ndiye kupfuura zvakakurumbira munyika dheri. Sanganisa nayo munyika dzakawanda. Holstein mhou anogona kupa 8,000-10,000 makirogiramu mukaka pagore. Chimwe chinhu idombo chimiro zamu bath-zvakaumbwa yakakwirira chinzvimbo. Color kwemhuka idzi dema-uye-White kana matsvuku uye-White. Dzimwe nguva pane mhuka zvachose rikasviba nyora diki iri chigunwe nharaunda, dumbu, muswe uye musoro. Kubvira muna 1971, vari kuzivikanwa somunhu yoga erudzi. Mhuru pakuzvarwa vanoyera 37-42 makirogiramu. Harisi vysokomolochnaya chete, asiwo guru chaizvo erudzi. Adults hando anogona kuyera kusvika 1200 makirogiramu, mhou - kusvika 750 makirogiramu.

The apa nyama dzemarudzi hando anogona kunzi panguva kupfuura mukurumbira. Vanokura Vamiririri dzavo kwete chete nokuda mukaka uye nyama. Kakawanda, matombo aya anoshandiswa sezvo vabereki vari kusimukira itsva, zvikuru zvibereko uye akaomarara.