Chii chinonzi akaisa chikwereti?

Tsanangudzo: akaisa chikwereti - ndiye anomukweretesa chinokosha, apo rwezvemabhengi sangano, wakasvinudza muRussia kwete pava paya pane makore mashanu apfuura, kuti akwezve mari yacho Central Bank kuti Implementation zvinhu zvayo kwenguva kwazvo makore mashanu. Zvinoitwa chikwereti ichi wakasimba pauwandu hweavo kuti handishanduki panguva izwi chesungano uye asingauyi kusapfuudza mwero refinancing.

Kazhinji, asi akaisa chikwereti iri vakabhadhara chete mubhadharo mushure yapfuura hwenguva mbiri se yakataurwa chibvumirano, asi kunze inova mamiriro ezvinhu apo kubhengi-anokwereta anomanikidzwa zvachose kumisa mabasa avo, kutanga liquidation muitiro. Panyaya iyi, akakweretesa achivaratidza akaisa zvikwereti irege zvinoda kubva sauka pamahombekombe kukwereta mari yavo kusvikira panguva yakadai achagutswa zvizere mari zvinodiwa vamwe vakweretesi zvose.

Features: Domestic bhengi kugamuchira akaisa chikwereti chinogona nokusangana chikwereti zviwanikwa kuburikidza rayo mamwe guta kwenguva yemakore mashanu, kana chibvumirano iri wakasainwa pamwe Central Bank kwenguva refu. Kana makore asingasviki mashanu asati yokupedzisira kuripwa chikwereti kuruboshwe, mukwereti anogona kushandisa mari kuwedzera Nokutendeka chete kurambidzwa. Uye panyaya apo chikwereti huwandu inopfuura 50% kuti guta kupfungwa zvemari, chikwereti yakadaro inofanira kukurukurwa sezvinoitwa kumutswa mari.

Terms: Iye zvino, akaisa chikwereti makapiwa pachishandiswa munhu chibvumirano nomumwe, chikuru chinoratidza rinova kuvapo rinokosha chinhu kuti chikwereti uye kufarira vakauya vachimhanya kubhengi-anokwereta haagoni kuripa mberi purogiramu pasina kutanga mvumo kubva Central Bank. Kungofanana akakweretesa Central Bank of Russia anogona kugumisa akapedzisa chikwereti chibvumirano mushure sungano mukwereti mabasa akadaro kana kuuya ari chikonzero chero kuchinja kuti kondirakiti.

Under mutemo razvino, kubhengi-anokwereta anogona kuwana akaisa chikwereti kana zvinotevera ezvinhu vari panguva imwe chete kugutsikana. Saka, chemhosva nguva inofanira kupfuudza nguva-gore mashanu, zvinhu zviri issuance muzvikwereti zvisungo hazvigoni kuchinjwa pasina tendero Nokubvumira Central Bank of Russian Federation, uye havatenderwi kubhadhara chero kwezana chikwereti kana zvakazara mutumbi chikwereti, kana mubereko pachiri yapera. Asi iye akanga ari chimbadzo nezvaro zvinhu zviri issuance pamusoro chikwereti, uye zvibvumirwano pakati akakweretesa uye kubhengi-anokwereta kunoratidza nekusagona kupedzisa ayo kudzokorora chikwereti nguva.

Kazhinji munhu akaisa chikwereti nekanzuru anenge chete ezvinhu sezvo dzimwe zvikwereti, uye mubereko kwakanyanya pamusoro-siyana pamusoro chikwereti rinenge dzinoenderana avhareji mwero mubereko pamusoro zvirongwa chikwereti kwakadaro. Uye kana kubhangi, anokwereta vari mumamiriro kusauka, mukwereti achakwanisa kuwana mari dzavo pashure kusauka achagutsa chikwereti yasara.

History: Muna 2008-2009, panguva rikwanise chokutambudzika mari dambudziko akaisa zvikwereti zvinoshandiswa kuramba kutsiga Russian rwezvemabhengi hurongwa. Basa regulator haina anoitwa kana Central Bank uye Vnesheconombank akapa zvikwereti Ruble vamwe Russian chikwereti masangano. Wokutanga chikwereti yakadaro vakagamuchira Agricultural Bank uye VTB, nekuti nezera ravo basa rakanyatsojeka kunoenderana shoma Rating zvinodiwa, uye guta Data nemabhangi yakawedzera mipiro mapato yechitatu uye shareholders.