History

History odzokera kupfuura zana, rinooma (yeMiddle Ages), kuti yotunga (Renaissance). Kunyange pakati chinyakare vanhu vakachengeta ukama umo vamwe zvinhu kana zvigadzirwa vakachinja vamwe. In Mesopotamia, Egypt, vakatanga kutora chimiro zvakawanda Zvechokwadi, pakanga pakuverenga Unit, akatanga kuumba musoro zano: chinokosha - mari - chinokosha.

Babylonian akanyorwa anotiudza pamusoro kwema pamusoro kutengwa uye kutengeswa varanda, mombe uye nenyika. Panguva iyoyo takatanga kutora chimiro, uye zvikwereti ukama pakati vanhu, kuva nzira idzo nenhumbi, varanda uye mombe vakauyiswa kuna Persia, Armenia, Media, Arabia uye India. Izvi chete nzira mabwe anokosha, nezvinonhuhwira nezvinonhuhwira, micheka uye zvesirivha nendarama. City, kuburikidza izvo zvokufambisa kwenhumbi, akabudirira.

History in Ancient Greece, uye gare gare hweRoma, kwakaratidza nengano uye mabhuku mabasa. The Greek mwari Hemesi uye Roman Mercury akabatsira vanhu vari wakabudirira kupanana nenhumbi, uye nokukudzwa avo akavaka temberi, zvitsvene vauye. Uye kana vaGiriki vekare kwete chete kupinza asiwo kutengesa siyana nhumbi, zvino vaRoma, sezvo mutemo, ivo chete kupinza. The Roman Empire akanga kutenga chingwa uye lentil muIjipiti, nyama nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka muGaul, kubva Africa vakaunzwa michero uye mafuta omuorivhi, kubva China - sirika. Anongoda yose yakaramba arara Rome.

Pashure pokuwa hwacho huru dzaishandiswa nhoroondo dzikava nekwakewo. Nokuumbwa inoti itsva European kuti kubudirira unofanira kuita sero. Panguva yaitonga Mambo Justinian muna VI remakore AD Byzantium anobuda pamusoro renyika uye inovaka ukama pakati nyika dzokuEurope uye East, vakaisa gungwa uye rwizi nzira kutumirwa mitoro. Byzantium yabva Siria, donje uye shuga emaoko pamwe India, China, nyika kweGungwa Dema, apo vatengesi Italian havavi vakwikwidzi dzavo, vykradyvaya vokuChina zvakavanzika sirika kugadzirwa. Kubvira ipapo, vokuEurope vakatanga kubudisa micheka izvi nemasango.

The Middle Ages havana zvakanaka kuti kubudirira uye kuvandudzika kutengesa, uye chete muna Renaissance munhoroondo wezvokutengeserana akapiwa mirayiridzo itsva. Vanhu vakatanga kuvhura itsva, unexplored nyika, raibudirira chaienda, kutanga wamboonekwa nzira idzo nhumbi zvakakumikidzwa. Panguva iyoyo pane surpluses nhumbi kuti zvinoda chinozoiswa. Nguva iyi kunoratidzwa ndechokuti nhoroondo kukura kutengeserana kutanga kuwana munhu asina hunhu. Hombe ekisipoti varanda kubva Africa kusvikira remakore rechi19 - zvinonyadzisa runotyisa yakabudirira Europe. Vanhu vakanga vava kutengesa kupfuura imwe mhuka, uye aivigirwa muna Old uye World Itsva.

Madzibaba edu akatanga kuita vachitenga uye vachitengesa ichangopfuura. Nhoroondo wezvokutengeserana muRussia kunotanga VIII-IX emakore, uye raiva muzinda Kiev. On pamusika vatorwa, madzitateguru edu mumazuva iwayo kusvitsa uchi, furs, zvokurima zvigadzirwa. Munzvimbo yeguta kwakaitika pamusoro pamisika, apo vakatengesa matehwe, mbava, midziyo siyana. Pakazosvika XII remakore, Novgorod akava huru Russian Trade Center, uye XIV remakore - Moscow. Madzibaba edu vaiziva sei kuti kutengesa, uye vaiziva mutongi akanaka. Takatanga kuoneka-siyana nhumbi uye Gostiny Dvor.

Munguva Peter nhoroondo kutengeserana Russia anova European. Vatengesi uye maindasitiri nokubudirira nekusimudzira nyika iri pamisika nyika. Rinotanga kumwezve zvokuvakisa kwenhumbi kubva Europe uye America. Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore XVIII kuumba makambani makuru kuvaka ukama India uye China, apo zvinhu zvakawanda kupinza. Pakazopera XIX remakore nezvenhoroondo kukura kutengeserana Russia auya Parainge. Empire yazova mumwe kutungamirira nemasimba, cheshumba mugove kwekurasira zvigadzirwa kumusika nyika.