Achiko Ioseliani - kingpin. Dzhaba Konstantinovich Ioseliani, Biography ake uye pikicha

Akanga ari mujeri pasi Stalin uye Khrushchev, Brezhnev uye Gorbachev, Yeltsin uye Gamsakhurdia. Mari munzvimbo kudaro kure iri kusvika hafu youpenyu hwake, Achiko Ioseliani akava chiremera kuGeorgia mhosva, enyika uye nenhamba yesayenzi. Kuva mbavha mutemo pakunzi "Dyuba", aiva of facto mutongi wenyika kubva 1991 kusvika 1995.

Uduku mhosva bhasi, mhedziso yokutanga

Dzhaba Konstantinovich Ioseliani, ane Biography iri munyaya ino, akaberekwa muna 1926 vokuGeorgia taundi Khashuri. baba vake akashanda pamusoro njanji, uye mai vake aiva mudzidzisi. Childhood ramangwana mhosva webasa rakaitirwa urombo. Nherera mangwanani, akanga arerwa mumugwagwa uye akaita mupenyu ake kuba. wokutanga izwi rake wakasimuka Ioseliani, apo-gore 16-vane vana vane makore. Nokuti kuba chete kuba Molotov Tbilisi District Court akatongera naye 5 makore mujeri.

Muna 1948, mukomana akawana Chamba. Akasendamira kune Northern guta, mumwe ndokugadzira (kusekondari panguva haana kudzidza) chikoro-kusiya chitupa Achiko akapinda Leningrad University. Pushkin muna rorusununguko Oriental Studies. With kwakajeka nenjere, iye akava mumwe yakanakisisa vadzidzi. Vadzidzisi regai kuneta kurumbidza ungwaru anokudza ake uye mumiriri, vakashamiswa apo pakarepo akaziva kuti kunze nguva kuchikoro, iye anorega nezviito zvisiri pamutemo. Muna 1951, Achiko K. akasungwa Leningrad uye akagamuchira 1 gore mujeri nokuda hooliganism.

Kutanga mabhuku basa

Nguva pfupi pashure yechipiri nguva inoteverwa wechitatu. nguva ino Ioseliani Akabata kudenhwa nezvombo pamwe kuponda uye wakatumwa kujeri kwemakore 25. Paaiva mujeri, iye, kusiyana vamwe vasungwa, whiling kure nguva kutamba makasa, kuita mabasa kunyora. Achiko nyaya dzakanga saka nounyanzvi zvakanyorwa, kuti vari, pasinei ari munzvimbo haana kudaro kure, akatanga kubudisa magazini chaiko. Achiko Ioseliani pachake Konstantinovich jokingly akadana basa rake panguva kuvharirwa "kuti kamuri mabhuku." Njodzi matarenda munyori-with vanofarira akakurumbira tsika inofananidza vokuGeorgia SSR. At chikumbiro chavo, muna 1965, Ioseliani akasunungurwa mangwanani.

Ioseliani upenyu 60 raMwari - mangwanani 80-ies

Kamwe vakasununguka, Achiko-nemakore 38 vakasarudza kutanga upenyu hutsva. Akagamuchira dzidzo yake yechipiri kuchikoro usiku, akabva muuto Tbilisi Theater Institute, akadzivirira ake kukwikwidza yokutanga, uye ipapo ake doctorate chinyorwa. Kuva mumwe purofesa, akashanda ari Theater Institute mudzidzisi. Zvokuita vadzidzi, aisagona kukanganwa ake wemhosva kare Achiko Ioseliani. Mbavha mukuwasha okutenderera iri pamutemo kupiwa vokuGeorgia michero uye miriwo asingaverengeki mumisika Soviet Union. Nokuti mabasa avo aimbova musungwa akagashira mari yakawanda, iyo akamutendera kurarama kwake zvinomufadza. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kumutadzisa chokunyunyuta pamusoro migove akawa maari akaita tsvina uye ngozi basa. In zvaanofunga, zvakanga "kwete pfungwa," uye avo mhosva webasa kuedza kunyatsoteerera zvinotaurwa. Ioseliani aiva mavara uye anokwezva mufananidzo, iyo Nodar Dumbadze akamuita mukutanga 70-ies yaiva yakakurumbira Georgian munyori zvikabva ari gamba kuti yokufungidzira ake "White Flags" Lemons Devdariani, zvichiteverwa mukurumbira wayo se "vakatendeseka," mbavha tezvara.

mabhuku basa

Kusanganisa vachidzidzisa chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo akatanga mhosva mabasa, Ioseliani Dzhaba Konstantinovich akawana nguva yokuti mabhuku mabasa. Akanyora dzesayenzi nyaya, monographs uye mabasa ounyanzvi. Rakanyorwa runobva kingpin 6 dambe kuti vakazopiwa pfekai nzendo dzemitambo muna Tbilisi. Kubva ingano akawana kukurumbira mukuru enganonyorwa ake "Muchitima №113", "Country Lemon" uye "Vatatu divi". Zvakanyorwa munhu anofara uye akajeka mutauro, vakabata pfungwa vaverengi kubva peji rokutanga uye regai kusunungura kusvikira kumagumo.

Kupinda zvematongerwo enyika, pakusikwa "Mkhedrioni"

Pakati pezana remakore 80s Achiko Ioseliani, pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya, nechido akakwazisa nhau kutanga perestroika. Akarasa kudzidzisa uye vakarega kunyora, akatanga kutora Zvinoshingaira muupenyu enyika of Georgia. Muna 1989, anosika nationalist paramilitary "Mkhedrioni" ( "Rider"). Nhengo dzayo pachavo akadana vatsivi Ages mapoka emagandanga vachirwa Turkish uye Persian nechisimba. Ivo vakapika kuti vadzivirire vokuGeorgia nyika uye vanhu vanogara navo. Nhengo "Mkhedrioni" vakapfeka Sweaters, majini, Mabhachi uye Sunglasses kuti hadzina kubviswa kunyange mumba. Mumwe "Mutasvi" pamutsipa wake akarembedza mumwe medallion nezita uye neropa rake boka rimwe divi uye chifananidzo Georgiya Pobedonostsa - rumwe.

Sangano akasikwa Dzhaboy Ioseliani, aiva chaizvoizvo pamutemo tsotsi boka, raisanganisira hunodzorwa vemhosva, vakapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka uye pokugara mumugwagwa. Nokukurumidza "Mkhedrioni" nhengo akapinda Parliament of Georgia. Muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano Achiko Roerich akatora chikamu mune dzakawanda kukonana nezvombo kuitika vokuGeorgia munharaunda. Asi chikuru budiriro kuti "vatasvi" iri yokuti vakawisa hurumende Zviad Gamsakhurdia uye akabatsira kuuya nesimba, Eduard Shevardnadze.

Kuedza kubvuta simba

Muna 1990, Georgia wakaitwa akawanda sarudzo, umo vaKomonisiti akava kukundwa. The Supreme Council of Zimbabwe inotungamirirwa Zviad Gamsakhurdia, iro Ioseliani aiva oga nezvavasingadi. Mbavha mukarahwa akadana kwaari "yechiFascist" uye kupomerwa ukasazvitevedzera kodzero dzevanhu nerusununguko. Mukutanga 1991, Achiko K. vakaedza kusuma "Mkhedrioni" vanodzima muna Tbilisi, nokuti yaakanga akasungwa Ushumiri mauto uye ugokandwa mutorongo.

chete gore, muchirimo kuGeorgia anogamuchira mamiriro yakazvimirira zvokuvhoterwa, uye Gamsakhurdia akava mutungamiri wayo. Nokuti zviitiko zvose izvi akatevera kubva mujeri Achiko Ioseliani. The mbavha, uyo kazhinji vanorarama pfungwa iyi yaiva simba uye vasingagoni kudzivirira nemuvengi wake kuuya simba.

uto kubvuta masimba

Mutemo vakadzinganiswa Gamsakhurdia, akanga achirwara-pamuviri uye dzisingapindirani, nokuda chii akakurumidza arasikirwa kutsigirwa kwenzanga. Muna August 1991, pashure ane Anti-hurumende kubvuta masimba muMoscow akanga rinotungamirirwa nomudzimu Emergency Committee anofanira wokuparadza National Guard, chii chinoita chisingakanganwirwi. kukanganisa pachako. Varindi, tichiramba muzadze panhengo Interior Ushumiri, pamwe "Mkhedrioni" uye muna December 1991, vakaita nevapanduki, vachipidigura Gamsakhurdia uye Ioseliani mujeri. Kamwe vakasununguka, Achiko K. pamwe mutungamiri Guards Tengiz Kitovani anosika Council Military, vakazochinja akanga tinoshandurirwa Council of State. Zvisinei, hurumende itsva haafariri kutsigira vanhu, uye ipapo Ioseliani anokumbira nezvenzvimbo sachigaro State Council Eduard Shevardnadze zvakasikwa. Maererano nemutadzi simba, aiva kupfuura zvakakodzera kukwikwidza kutungamirira nyika.

Josseliani mune yokutanga yezana 90

Sezvo kuuya simba, Shevardnadze, uye kusvikira 1995 aiva of facto mutongi Georgia Achiko Ioseliani. Biography ake zvinoratidza kuti yose iyi, akanga ane simba pamusoro mitemo munyika, achitsigirwa akasika munhu paramilitary boka. Kunyange Ioseliani pachake akauya nesimba Shevardnadze uye akamubatsira kuti ave mutungamiri, zviito zvake, haana kufara sezvo musoro wehurumende. Gakava pakati enyika kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti muna August 1995, varwi "Mkhedrioni" uye mutungamiri wavo akapomerwa pakuronga chigaro Eduard Shevardnadze. Somugumisiro ichi Achiko K. akasungwa akatongerwa pashure yakareba mumatare makore gumi nerimwe mujeri. Akasika boka kurambidzwa.

mumakore achangodarika

Muna 2001, Eduard Shevardnadze tisingatarisiri akaregererwa ake ekare anokubatsira. Paakasunungurwa, kuti Ioseliani-nemakore 75 vakasarudza zvakare kupinda enyika. Iye akamhanya kuti vevatariri kupfuura sarudzo kuti paramende vokuGeorgia, asi nedambudziko unorema kukundwa. Kwete kuda kugara kumativi Achiko K. akadzokera mabhuku basa. Nguva pfupi asati afa, akanga muMoscow mharidzo mabhuku ake kunge mumutauro wokuRussia. Akafa kingpin March 4, 2003 kubva sitiroko. Akavigwa Tbilisi pamusoro mundima Didube pantheon yakakurumbira vokuGeorgia vanhu.