Ndivanaani yechisimba? Ndivanaani vaiva varwi veRoma?

Shoko "ndouya aikwanisa" rinobva muchiLatin "gladius", t. E. "Bakatwa". MuRoma yekare, varwi kunzi vasungwa vehondo uye varanda, vakanga vave zvikuru vakadzidziswa hondo vakanga vakabata mumwe munhandare kuti dzimba dzemitambo. VeGladiators Roma akarwa paruzhinji, kusvikira mumwe wavo akawa pasi akafa. Kurwa yaiitwa pakutanga mumazuva mukuru mazororo echitendero, uye ipapo kukava inonyanya kufarirwa yemitambo, varaidzo zvainanga zvavo vagari. Tsika hondo yakaramba kwemakore anopfuura 700.

Nyaya

Tsika vakabata kurwa kwakadaro vakauya Ancient Rome kubva Etruscans, vane hondo dzakadaro dzaiva evasingatombonamati zvechitendero zvakasikwa, uye vakafa aionekwa sechibayiro kuna mwari Mars War.

Vasungwa vehondo uye akatongerwa rufu - asi ndivanaani yechisimba kumavambo kwakabva chiitiko ichi. Maererano nomutemo weRoma vaiva nekodzero kutora chikamu mukurwa, uye kana vakakunda winnings aigona kudzikinura upenyu hwake. Paivawo nyaya apo vagari, kusiya rusununguko, vakasarudza kutora chikamu mune hondo dzakadaro pakutsvaka kubwinya National uye mari.

hondo yokutanga

Debut hondo yechisimba muRoma yekare anonzi anoenderana majoko matatu vechikamu iyo yakavakwa muna 264 BC. e. panguva rokuyeuka Brutus peri. Popular akava kunonakidza chaizvo mumakore 50, kana 22 majoko bestiaries mukati 3 Mazuva mufaro vagari panguva zvoupengo pamariro yakarongwa kukudzwa triumvir Marcus Emiliya Lepida. Muna 105 BC. e. kunge mwana mumwe nomumwe achiziva kuti yechisimba, Vongai aishanda nesimba kuedza tribunes, zvainanga varaidzo yeRoma nemhomho, izvo panguva iyi akanga atova kushanda kuumbwa sezvo pasocial stratum. Mitambo yokurwisana kurwa vakanga pamutemo sezvo varaidzo paruzhinji.

Nokukurumidza Tournaments urwo rwakatora mazuva akati wandei, iyo akapindwa yechisimba zhinji, vakanga vasisiri chinhu chitsva. Kune vanhu vanoitirwa kurwa kwakadaro akava raanoziva, vakanga vakadamwa lanista. Musimboti basa ravo rakanga kuti washanyira misika muranda, apo pane vakasimba mumuviri varanda, vasungwa vehondo, zviri chinodiwa kana kunyange matsotsi. Kuwana muranda akadaro, Vakadzidzisa iye zvose zvaidiwa hondo zvakafanira panguva kurwa munhandare, uye ipapo was musangano pakati zvaiitwa.

Vachigadzirira kurwa

Pandaidzidza nokuti veGladiators vakanga vairima, vachisimbisa chikafu, uye kurapwa kwavo anotora vanachiremba akanakisisa vakarovedzwa.

Uchapupu ichi ndechokuti yakakurumbira chiremba Roman Galen akashanda kwenguva refu muna Great Imperial School, apo vakanga vakadzidziswa. Tairara varwi vari vaviri vaviri mundima dzezvimwe Miduku 4-6 ba. m.

Vari daily aidaro vanyatsodzidziswa, kubvira mangwanani kusvikira manheru. In kudzidzisa beginners aimbotaurawo kare vakabata yechisimba veRoma, uyo akadzidzisa vadzidzi vavo fence. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa nokudzidzisa mutsva vanofanira kudzidza sei kuti simba yakarurama pakurohwa chipfuva musoro muvengi, pasina vachiregeredza kudzivirira kwake. Kuti usimbise tsandanyama rakashandiswa inotevera Danho ane zvombo simbi ndouya aikwanisa, kurema kwayo kwave zvikuru kaviri kupfuura kurwa maoko.

Kana zvitsva zvine maatomu akafanana nokuenzanisa zvose pasina zvombo uye akanga kurwa chaiyo, izvozvo, zvichienderana unyanzvi uye mumuviri kugadzirira, akanga akatsunga iri rakakodzera boka.

remuneration

VeGladiators hakusi chete nokuda kwokudzvinyirira kubva muridzi muranda, asi chose yokuzvidira, vachida kuwana mukurumbira uye pfuma. Pasinei zvose zvazvakashatira rimwe basa rakadaro, nyore, asi simba murume, somumiririri rapazasi mukirasi, ndaiva mukana zvechokwadi kupfuma.

Kunyange zvazvo fungidziro kufa muna sejecha munhandare, vakafuka ropa, yaiva yakakwirira zvikuru, vakawanda vakatora pangozi, zvichida kunyange zvishoma anoziva kuti yechisimba uye chii mugumo wavo. Kupfuura kwavari, kunze rudo Roman nemhomho uye kazhinji anokudzwa vakadzi, vakagamuchira zvakakomba mari mibayiro kubva mafeni uye varongi vachirwa. Kunze vaoni Roman kazhinji akandwe munhandare kuna Kumukundi, kunyanya kana kwaiva kufarira evoruzhinji, mari, zvishongo uye mamwe mashoko anokosha kuti vaivawo rebei mugove zveminda ayo.

The mhemberero yokutanga Kurwa

The tsika kuzarura Kurwa kwakanga anoyevedza chiseko vose vechikamu. The murongi mitambo ngoro kana netsoka, yakapoteredzwa shamwari zhinji, vaitasva kana akafamba munhandare kuti nechido kudanidzira vaoni avo vaitarisira munhuhwi ropa. Zvadaro munhandare kwakauya achimisa vose vechikamu ose kuuya mutambo. Ivo vaipfeka ndouya aikwanisa ngowani nezvimwe zvipfeko. The vateereri, achigamuchira vako vaaida, chete yakaenderera. Zvadaro yechisimba Kumira pamberi bhokisi youmambo, akabata rwake rworudyi ruoko mberi, achishevedzera kuti: "Kesari! Kuzofa dzinokukwazisai! ". Pashure paizvozvo vakapinda mukamuri pasi pacho, apo akapedza nguva ari kutarisira kwayo kusunungurwa.

mitambo yokurwisana yemitambo

All hondo kwakaitika dzakasiyana, paiva mapatya kurwa kana nebope pakati wandei dhazeni vechikamu. Asi dzimwe nguva airidza mhere munhandare iri mharidzo yose, izvo aisimbisa Yuliy Tsezar. Mumaminitsi, akasika chikuru girl unoratidza masvingo muCarthage, uye vaya vemitambo yechisimba, zvombo uye akapfeka sezvo Masoja eRoma uye Carthaginians, simulated kurwisa guta. Kana anozviratidza panzvimbo imwe "dondo" miti vakatema mumwe, uye bestiary aimiririra Masoja eRoma kurwisa yokuvandira.

Ndivanaani yechisimba muchiito ichi? Masoja kana vatambi? Ivo nokubatanidza mashandiro nevasina vamwe. Fantasy Mukudhinda mukuru vasingazive pokugumira. Kunyange zvazvo vaRoma vakanga vagara akaoma pane vanoshamiswa, Kesari Claudius akabudirira. Akaita dramatization egungwa hondo yakadaro chikero kuti hapana mushanyi aisagona kufungidzira uye mwoyo zvose vagere Eternal City.

Pakazosvika mavambo yechisimba IV remakore zvishoma nezvishoma vakatanga kutora nzvimbo. Yaiva nguva apo Umambo hweRoma chapera pasi joko rinorema marudzi kurwisa fuza. Izvi zviri chete kuipa nokuda zvoupfumi, uye sangano kurwa kwaidhura chaizvo.

Kunyange dzimwe nguva hondo dzichiri mberi, asi pamwero maduku, uye nokukurumidza vakanga pamutemo kurambidzwa. Hapana vakadanidzira kubva pacho, "Chingwa circuses!" Uye akakwazisa mambo, uye muna '72 hweRoma chakaparadzwa.