Count Panin Nikita Ivanovich: Biography, mabasa uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Count Panin Nikita Ivanovich - yakakwirira anoremekedzwa at Empress Elizabeth uye Catherine Alekseevna, akangwara anokunyengedzera Wenyika, mudzidzisi ari Crown Prince, muvambi Russian remitemo wokutanga, waiva kushomeka autocracy. Uku kurondedzera muchidimbu mabasa ayo ari paruvazhe empresses maviri. Zvino isu kunyatsotarisisa, chii unhu vapiwe Count Nikita Panin. Biography yake izere nokungwarira achifambisa, asi iye akafa mukunyadziswa.

makore Early

Nikita Panin akaberekerwa Danzig muna 1718, musi waMarch 31, mumhuri vavakuru kwete kunyanya vapfumi, asi ngozi chaizvo. Vaidavira kuti madzibaba avo vaiva vokuItaly kubva muguta Lucca. Makore matatu gare gare, akanga munun'una Peter. Hama vakatakura ushamwari hwavo hwose hwake. Nhare Pernove baba waiva commandant. Vari akura uye akadzidza kumba. Maererano netsika, nokuberekwa Count Panin hwakanyorwa muna Guards. At 22, akanga chinzvimbo romumhanzi uye vakashumira mudare.

nedzenyu basa

Mushure kubvuta masimba muna 1741 mudare pakanga enderera mhemberero. Pazuva muduku uye akanaka guardsman, akagashira pachinzvimbo chevatatu jendurumani pamusoro mokuvata, akatendeukira ayo kuteerera anopa Empress Elizaveta Petrovna. Maererano nerimwe ngano, akavata yakatarwa musi mhuri youmambo. Shure mhosva iyi akatumirwa Copenhagen uye tobva Stockholm muna 1747. Zvimwe zvakanga zvakasiyana. Zvino akabata basa mudare chivande, raiva kufarira nzvimbo zvevapristi kwete Panin, uye mumwe mukomana akanaka V. Shuvalov. Zvisinei, dare anotendeukira Wenyika, zvinoshamisa kuchinja Biography ake. Nikita Panin "chavasina" pamusoro pambiru nhume yakasungwa Stockholm uye aiva makore 12.

Zvino raiva guta duku, hakunakidzi, chando uye nyorova. Nikita Ivanovich akarasikirwa hapana nguva yechando. Akaverenga zvakawanda, taidzidza umambo Swedish, izvo ichikutadzisa Parliament. Maonero ake achinja. Count Panin akava mutsigiri yepamutemo umambo, chenjerera uye akangwara Wenyika uye wezvematongerwo enyika. Sezvo pfungwa dzake Kujekerwa anofunga abatwa, uyezve, akasvika pakugumisa kuti Russia ine kukurira Britain kuti simba iri reBaltic mudunhu.

A mberi itsva yake basa

anorichengeta ake, ari chanzera AP Bestuzhev-Ryumin, ndokuwira kunyadziswa muna 1758, Panin Nikita Ivanovich uye basa, asi pakarepo, uye asimuka pachake muna 1760 na Elizabeth I soro hofisi - mudzidzisi Tsarevich Paul Petrovich, uyo akanga makore manomwe.

Panin: mudzidzisi uye Wenyika

Count Panin akagamuchira "kiyi" nzvimbo. Zvinogona kukanganisa ramangwana Russian mambo. Vakawanda dare havana kuda kuona pachigaro choushe mutorwa, iyo rinosiyaniswa flighty hunhu, Peter III. Vaida kuti nyika pasi simba ravo vakatonga muduku Paul I. Asi wakatendeuka kubva zvakasiyana, vakabata simba achibatsirwa nehama Orlovyh Ekaterina Alekseevna.

Count Panin zvizere vavariro mutongi mutsva, uye yakasimbiswa mudzidzi wake uye upenyu hwakadzikama. In zvakafanana, akaita mabasa ane Wenyika, akagadzwa kuva achizivawo yedare uye Seneta, dare achiri ruzivo kune dzimwe nhau wechidiki Empress Catherine II. Pamwe chete naye, akava muvambi Union of reBaltic States achitungamirirwa Prussia uye Russia.

Panin - mudzidzisi

Uye chii pamusoro muduku Paul? Kwete, haana kukanganwika ne Nikita Ivanovich. Ivo pachokwadi kuda mumwe. Panin jokingly unobtrusive nzira kuedza kudzidzisa mudzidzi wake pfungwa yepamutemo umambo. Noushamwari, nguva dzose abva murwi majee uye anorayiridza nyaya, akachenjera Nikita Ivanovich vakatambudza Crown Prince dzidziso uye akamupa yakawanda rusununguko.

Kutaura zvazviri, akanga yakatsiviwa vabereki vake. Mukomana muduku dzakateerera pfungwa Nikita Ivanovich, kuti haana kufanana Empress. Paakangobuda Paul nemakore 17, Panin akabviswa muhofisi. Vose: uye mudzidzisi, uye ake mudzidzi, zvikuru ruzivo kunyadziswa, yakarongedzwa zvakanaka. Akapiwa zviuru zvina serfs, zviuru zana rubles, basa sirivha, waiva akakosha zviuru zvishanu rubles, imba muSt Petersburg, caterers uye waini kwegore, kuti livery varanda, ngoro, gore negore kuwedzera muhoro, izvo vakasvika zviuru zvishanu rubles kune kare gumi iripo. Zvisinei, Panin kusvikira pakuguma hwake wakasara kuchinja Paul Petrovich, uyo aifarira zano rake.

Chikonzero opals

Muna 1762, Nikita Ivanovich aiva chirongwa umo risingaperi umambo zvakawanda nokuda vanachandagwinyira kuumbwa, uye dare reSeneti yakakamurwa dzikava madhipatimendi. Chikamu chokutanga havana kufanana Empress, uye vachashuva richarangarirwa, uye wechipiri akatora matanho.

An ruzivo Wenyika

Zvisinei, Panin akaratidza chinokosha munyaya dzimwe negwaro. Makore anoda kusvika makumi maviri pamwe chete Empress, akatungamirira College of Affairs Foreign. Muna 1763 akava mukuru nhengo College. Munyoro uye nomutsa murume, iye saka pebhanhire akatungamirira nhaurirano kuti Anorambwa naPetro ake vakanga vasina kumbonzwa, uye vachimuteerera makuhwa zvinyoronyoro matauriro, vamiriri vatorwa vanokanganwa pamusoro chavainyanya chinangwa.

Vaisimudzira rapprochement pamwe Prussia panguva aitungamirira chinzvimbo kuRussia, iye pamwe Catherine II akasika Union hwokumusoro inoti, izvo vaishora England ( "Northern Maererano"). Iye akashora partition kwePoland uye France kupfuma.

Muna 1765, chibvumirano akanga aita Copenhagen, muna 1766 - chibvumirano ne Britain iri kutengeserana. Mumakore 1768-74 pashure Russian-Turkish hondo kwakachinja kutungamirirwa Catherine II mugwaro, uye Panin akarega kuva zvakafanira kuna Empress. Muna 1769, Count Panin kubatanidzwa rangano, izvo kugadzirira vachipidigura Empress uye sokugadzwa Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, uyo akapika kuti kuremekedza mubumbiro urongwa vakaomerwa poumambo. Zano wawanikwa, asi Panin zvinyoronyoro kubviswa dare uye Grand Duke. Muna 1780, panguva kusunungurwa America kubva British Colonisation, akashanda nokuti nyika yapinda mune zvematongerwo enyika. Muna 1781 iye pamudyandigere zvachose.

Russian Constitution rokutanga

Chaiva zvikamu zviviri.

Muzana rokutanga, yokusuma, achitsanangura kuti nei nyika inoda hurumende kuti anoteerera mitemo. Zvinokosha hunovapo nguva dzose Panin Nikita Ivanovich. Nhoroondo Russia ano - uchapupu hwakajeka pamusoro Kururama maonero mitemo yacho XVIII remakore. Simba tipiwe gavhuna kuita zvakanaka vaanotonga, mubati vanhu vanofanira kusarudza. Ndiwo nheyo simba - sarudzo yake. Political hwaro akasarangarira chaiyo. Uye chii zvakaita yakatangira? Panin Izvi hazvina kutaura, asi kuguma riri pachena: nhaka serfs. Kana kuparadza feudalism uye kupa rusununguko, ipapo chii chichaitika? Tinoziva mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu kubvira 1862, asi zvino akanga asiri pachena.

Next Count Panin Nikita Ivanovich zvakajeka pfungwa vasingagoni kushanda kunze. Iye sketched akabudisa Header iyo zvaiva pachena kuti mutongi nyika inofanira kuva Orthodox, asi zvimwe zvitendero zvose zvisina vanomanikidzwa. Zvakakosha kuronga pakutevedzana, vakazochinja akaita Paul Petrovich. kodzero Estates havana wainyatsotaura, asi yaiva rokuremekedza. Courts vanofanira chete kuita paruzhinji. Mitero nezvevanakomana chete pashure nhaurirano nehurumende. Bumbiro iri, pashure porufu rwake, iye ikazopiwa mugari wenhaka, ake kufarira mudzidzi, asi kuti haana kugamuchira. Panina munin'ina, Peter Ivanovich, achiona kuchinja unhu hwaPauro, haana kumupa gwaro. To dzakararama chete zvimedu hwakanyorwa munyori wake D. I. Fonvizinym.

Apo N. I. Panin akafa muna 1763 ava nemakore 65, iye akagara pedyo mubhedha wake, Paul Petrovich uye akabata ruoko rwake. Kamwe nesimba, akaisa muperekedzi wake shongwe mukereke St. Magadharena muna Pavlovsk.

Unhu Count Panin uye zvinofadza zvinhu kubva hwake

Kind uye munyoro pachisikigo, aiva sybarite kukuru. handina kumuka pamberi masikati, haana kukurumidza, aiva simbe chaizvo uye zvose kumbotaurawo pfumbamuromo. Akanga asina makaro, azvipiwa serfs Nikita Ivanovich yakakamurwa pakati vanyori ake, kusanganisira mugove wake yavakawana D. I. Fonvizin, remangwana munyori wemitambo.

The N. I. Panina, unoda zvokudya zvakanaka zvakanga zvakanakisisa chef muguta. Zvisinei, iye amene anogona kutora pakubika cook oysters mu doro uye kupisa pachako apo cuff. Asi iye haana kukwanisa kuva utano mangwanani, zvakare zvakasimba manheru mushure mechirariro manwiwa. Married, akanga asiri, asi kutarisira yakaisvonaka hafu revanhu nomufaro. Uyezve, aiva Mason.

Nokuti isu, vazukuru vake, Count Panin akaramba ari muyeuko sechinhu chinoshamisa Wenyika vaiuya vaipiwa vanobatsirwa Russia uye akasimbisa nzvimbo yayo pakati kumadokero inoti.