Mastectomy - chii? The oparesheni kubvisa zamu

kenza yemazamu zvokurwara iri kuramba kubatwa nechirwere mu nevasikana zera rokubereka. Maererano pamutemo WHO, rimwe gore mukana kunotyisa chirwere inowedzera. Asi nhasi, mushonga hakuiti mira uye ari modernized yakawanda michina itsva, nzira nechirwere uye kurapwa, vachibvumira kuziva chirwere achiri Danho uye kuchigadzira.

Imwe nzira dzinobatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko iri mastectomy. Chii? Itariro kuvhiya nzira rinoshandiswa kuti kenza yemazamu. Makore kana gumi apfuura, vanachiremba akaparadzanisa yose shwanu, pamwe chipfuva tsandanyama (kunyange vachiri Danho), nhasi kuonga yazvino uye unyanzvi guru vanachiremba, unogona kuponesa areola uye axillary node nodes.

Nyanzvi remakore rechi21 zviri kuita zvose zvavanogona kuti tichengetedze zvinyama utano uye kubvisa hosha, kuti zvakakwana kubviswa chityu kunokonzera vakadzi inorema mupfungwa nokurova. Ngatimbotaura zvakawanda pamusoro mhando kwema nemigumisiro.

Operation Madena (nyore mastectomy)

The chiremba haana excised remunharaunda axillary, subclavian uye subscapular node nodes, uye mashizha sternum netsandanyama. Saka akabvisa zvakakanganisa mammary shwanu. Kazhinji vakagadzwa kuzvidzivirira chipimo kudzivirira kukura masero kenza, kunyanya mu majini kubatwa.

Patey mashandiro (dzakachinjwa kukuru)

Rakajairika uye nevakawanda muitiro. Iron yabviswa pamwe cartilaginous mativi, mafuta rinenge (subclavian, axillary, subscapular) uyewo node nodes uye chikamu sternum. Nzira iyi inobvumira kuti aponese chityu basa kuti upenyu huzere uye munhu kuzvidzora ruzivo. In ichi chakagadziridzwa oparesheni anekukwanisa sezvo mastectomy.

Operation Halstead (yakakura mastectomy)

Iron pachayo iri excised pamwe tsandanyama rinenge uye node nodes, izvo zvingave masero kenza. Kuderedza uwandu zvinyama akabvisa nyanzvi vakava okunatsiridza wandei nzira iyi: maererano Madden, Halstead, zvokunwa, Urban-vakabata kambani, etc. Nhasi, yakakura kuvhiya kubvisa chityu rinoitwa kashoma uye chete padanho papera kana dzimwe nzira iri prohibitive uye seisingashandi ..

Reconstructive kuvhiyiwa pamwe mastectomy

Ichiitwa nenzira dzakawanda: kushandisa kwavo zvinyama uye silicone anodyara. Mawa rokuvakazve anogona kudzorera inzwi zamu uye murambe yepakutanga chimiro. kwacho dzakakurumbira chaizvo, ivo vakasanangurwa neinopfuura 75% yevakadzi vane kenza. Asati kuita chiremba inopa murwere kwechinguva somunhu anokosha bhurezha pamwe akaisa silicone prostheses, chakagadzirwa anodyara uye zvadaro zvandinenge chimiro, mhando uye hachizi wakaiswa pasi peganda. Reconstructive nzira inodzoka tariro hupenyu huzere. oparesheni Iri nyore pane kushandisa kwako tishu.

umboo

Mastectomy - chii? Nzira zvomusejari chokubvisa nyanyisa zvisimbiso ari mammary shwanu uye dzakapoteredza tishu nzvimbo. Zvinonzi akaratidza kuti chirwere ane bundu guru kuti riri kunze pazamu. Vachengeterwe vakadzi vane saizi diki zamu kuti vadzivise deformation. For zvokurapa uye aesthetic zviratidzo, kunyanya mu kwokutanga matanho, zhelezosohranyayuschaya oparesheni unogona kupiwa. Mushure zvakafanira nemwaranzi mushonga, zvichiguma muchipfuva akaremara zvishoma. Naizvozvo, munhu wose afunga kuti zvinonyatsoenderana naye zvakanaka.

yematambudziko

Kunyange zviri kukurukurwa mumwe zvikuru kuvhiya mastectomy (ndiko kuti, rave richirondedzerwa pamusoro), mushure musangano haigoni Kwabviswa migumisiro yakaipa. Vamwe vakacherechedza rinorema ropa, riri kukonzerwa murombo kweropa. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki Muzviitiko, pane zvinetso pamafudzi rwakashodoka. Izvi imhaka isiri muitiro Zvokusunungurwa. Vangazivikanwa neyokuti kuomesa sezvo muchikuvadza chirwere (kubatwa chete antibacterial zvinodhaka).

Lymphostasis kunoitika pashure mastectomy - zvaioneka uye rinooneka kuunganidza mvura iri nhengo dzinobudisa midziyo. Asi ezvinhu akadaro ndiye dererei. Zivai kuti lymphedema zvingaitika makore kunyange 2-3 mushure kupindira. Kana edema hwobva kurapwa. Muzviitiko zvakadaro vanotumirwa zviitwa, vachirisunga maronda inoshandiswa (kwakavharwa nenyama bhandiji kana ruoko) havi ropa riyerere.

The postoperative kumwedzi

Kubviswa chityu - husiri nyore muitiro, pashure unofanira kudzivirira utano hwako uye kuti mukanyatsochengeta kutevera mitemo waakaudzwa. It akabvumira kuti pazuva rechipiri, uye mushumire pachavo. Vose basa akapora chete pazuva rechi20 zuva. kazhinji abudise akabvisa pashure pemavhiki maviri (zvose zvichienderana kupodzwa). Kuti zviite hurumende yakatarwa inonyaradza marwadzo omusoro.

Mazano varwere achirapwa kuvhiyiwa

Okutanga mwedzi mishoma, vanachiremba havana kukuudza kushanyira solarium uye kumahombekombe. Unofanirawo kudzivisa intramuscular majekiseni ari ruoko uye zvinokuvadza pamaoko, nokungwarira kukuru kutarisira pashure nzara, tichidzivisa abrasions uye kukuvara. Kushanda mubindu, unofanira kupfeka rabha Magorovhosi Chipfeko. Kuti tidzivise kurega kunotanga kubva node uye immobilization pakati pamafudzi muhudyu, unofanira ose zuva pashure pemazuva gumi ichaitwa mushure kuvhiyiwa, kutanga ruoko uye kwiza zvinyoronyoro kuzvimba muhapwa.

Ndinoda kutaura kuti varwere vakawanda ndavhiyiwa Kuvhiya uku vanogutsikana sarudzo yavo, uye kunaka kwoupenyu. Chokwadi, mastectomy (chii okurapwa nzira mhando, zvino munoziva uyewo) haisi mushonga uye ane zvainovhiringidzawo ayo, asi zvakadaro, nzira iyi inobatsira kuwana chivimbo mavari uye kuti kunyara muviri wake pachake.