The Great Patriotic War, "Operation Edelweiss"

Pazvakava pachena kuti "Blitzkrieg" (mheni hondo zano iri Eastern Front yakadhirika) uye achava hondo refu, Hitler akanga akashingaira basa racho Wehrmacht ehondo kushayisa vokuSoviet mukana muzadze mafuta mumatanda tichiregeredza yeminda mafuta Caucasian muna June 1942. Saka, vanhu vokuGermany vakaedza ropa mhepo simba uye warrior motokari yacho Red Army. Kuitwa gadziriro chirongwa ichi chaiva kubatwa zviri Caucasus vane bumbiro-anonzi "Operation Edelweiss". Muchidimbu pamusoro kupfuura kushanda ichi uye nei vaNazi havana kukwanisa kuipedza, uchaudzwa munyaya ino.

Kurangarira murayiro German

Kuitira kuzadzisa yakatarwa basa Führer, Army Group "A" rinotungamirirwa General Field Marshal Wilhelm Leaf, akanga, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda kumavirira Caucasian muhomba uye anokunda Novorossiisk wavanozvisunga pana Tuapse, ndiyo musimboti hombe mafuta nharaunda. Panguva iyoyowo kubata Grozny uye Baku kurutivi kumabvazuva muhomba yakatamira Army Group "B", mumwe pasi murayiro Field Marshal - Fedor of Bock.

kurwisa Kunyange asati atanga muGermany nechinangwa kunoshandisa Caucasian minda makambani maviri mafuta dzakatangwa kuti tsamba chete zvakanaka kwemakore 99. Mukuwedzera, mushumiri Command akanga arayira kuti kurega kubhomba zvose nzvimbo afarire German indasitiri. Kudzivirira zvose zvinhu akabatwa vokuGermany akambopiwa mhosva SS mauto uye asiya kuti muvengi zviumbu of Don Cossacks pakati General Krasnov.

Sezvo oparesheni "Edelweiss" akanga zvainanga mhinduro yacho inokosha inokosha mabasa, ipapo ayo kuurayiwa kukuru mauto vakatumwa, rinosanganisira 168 zviuru. Masoja uye vakuru Wehrmacht uye vanopfuura zviuru 1.5. Motokari dzehondo. Uyezve, pamwe nemauto kuCaucasus akatumwa vanenge 14 zviuru. Oil nyanzvi.

Division Highland Fusiliers

Sezvo "Edelweiss" - mauto oparesheni, iyo inoitwa munzvimbo kuCaucasus wemakomo eJudhiya, tevere kwayo vabudirire Implementation zviri vokuGermany vakaedza kuwana kunonyanyisa zvinobatsira kubva zvakasikwa zviri mudunhu. Kuva nenguva yayo dziripo Mountain Division, vashandi nevanhu vemo vanhu makomo okumaodzanyemba Bavaria, uyewo sportsmen-makomo, murayiro akapa nayo basa rakakura mabasa anga kushanda.

Vamapoka weboka iri, zvakare, nenzira, anonzi "Edelweiss", chakarairwa, nokuputsa munharaunda akaramba kudzivirirwa Elbrus gomo vanopfuura, akarova rwemberi zviumbu Soviet vakaedza kumisa kufambira mberi Army Group "A". Saka zvazviri kunzwisisa rinoshamisa akaronga Red kukonzera kumwe kuvhunduka uye pakudaro tanga.

Swastika musi Elbrus

Kuti agadzirire yezwi huru ehondo Wehrmacht kuenda apa, 5 Mountain Division muromo, rimwe nerimwe raiva vanhu anosvika 90, akatamira mberi uye, amire dzakakwirira, akachera. Imomo imi navo akagadzawo zvigwagwagwa uye pfuti gomo. Kusimudzira morale pakati vashandi ari zviyero, iyo mauto oparesheni "Edelweiss" akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze, murayiro German akarayirwa kuti kwose kwose panguva soro pfungwa yakatarwa, mireza Nazi.

murayiro uyu kunze kubva pedantry evasingatombonamati German, uye kare August 21 ane swastika mireza t kumabvazuva uye vokumadokero nenhongonya muGomo Elbrus. Pasinei chokwadi kuti chiito ichi atora yakawanda nesimba uye akakonzera kunonoka weboka oparesheni, aiva mashoko makuru kukosha, zvichipa chikonzero kushingirira Goebbels kupfeka pamberi papeji misoro, achivaudza kuti kubvira zvino German mureza nhunzi pamusoro yakakwirira Europe.

Pamusoro mutungamiri Mountain pamapoka General Hubert Lanz akatuma Berlin firimu footage, akapfura zvikuru akasvika pachiitiko ichi, dzaishandisa, uye akatanga rename ari Elbrus yepamusorosoro akamuti Hitler.

yazvakaitikira kambani

Sezvo vazhinji vemauto dzekare, zvakandishamisa wakakwana kuna nhau murayiro Soviet kuti vokuGermany vakakwanisa vanokwira rinenge dzisingambosvikiki nemitenusirwa yamakomo, uye mukuwedzera, kuisa pamusoro misoro vachiridzira pfungwa.

Vachiriita somurayiro vakarayirwa kuti pakarepo kuchivabudisa. Zvisinei, ayo Implementation yaive kudzidzinga kuumbwa Unit, vashandi aimbova vamabhiza Budyonny, uyo akanga asina ruzivo zvehondo kwete chete munzvimbo dzemakomo, asi kazhinji, kunyange netsoka, uyewo kubva tylovikov, zvizhinji zvisina kuchengetwa maoko maoko.

Izvi vakakurumidza akaumba chikwata akanga asina chete nhamba yaro yepamutemo, asi kunyange mazita mazita nemasoja. Command akanga tasked evasingatombonamati rehurumende - zuro wacho vakadzi mugeri Grigoryants, anogadzirwa nguva pfupi asati refutenendi.

Panjodzi,

Asi zviri vaitofanira kuhondo nemiseve nokupesana zvokusarudza "Edelweiss". Operation 1942 kubvuta Caucasus asvika kwamvura yacheka makumbo pakutanga September, apo Grigoryants Unit pasi murima uye bvungapfunga, saka kakawanda panguva ino yegore, akasimuka kureba gomo zvakaitika Terskol. basa ravo rakanga pakarepo kurwisa muvengi, kumuita shure kune nzvimbo kare inogarwa.

Ndapedza chikamu zano wokutanga, uye kumuka kune akafanorongerwa mucherechedzo, masoja Red Army vaiva nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kana mangwanani bvungapfunga akasimudza, ivo, ari pasi pabani mugomo zvishoma kudzika vokuGermany vanomiririra dzakanakira chipfuro kuti vanopfura gomo. Kutumira masoja parwendo, murayiro haritombotauri nechokwadi kwavo kamafurashi nguo, uye nguo dzavo rima zvakajeka akamira kundorwa sinou.

Heroes nechando dzakatenuka

Ongorora mamiriro ano, uto vanyori venhau dzakaitika vachibvumirana vakasvika pakugumisa kuti vakashinga refutenendi Grigoryants vasina mukana kwete chete kuti ndisanyanye vokuGermany yavo aripo nzvimbo, asi kunyange kugara mupenyu. Kunenge zvinonzwisiswa pachavo Dzvuku Army, asi zvisinei, akaita, sezvo chaiyo magamba.

Vakapona tsamba masoja German - nhengo kuvhiyiwa, mavakanga kutaura akashamiswa sei nezvinotaurwa akatarira takangosikwa, asi kwete Nokuzvidira masoja, chaizvoizvo wakarwira ose mita nechando materu. Zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti adzore, uye rufu chete akamira akashinga. Hazvina kushinga zvakafanorongwa dzavo kumboitika remangwana kuondomoka kwema "Edelweiss".

Pakapera September 1942 nokuda hurongwa murayiro muSoviet Elbrus akatumwa chaiyo Unit, rwaiumbwa masoja zvachose kuti zvikuru vakadzidziswa. Iyi yaisanganisira NKVD vatariri vane kurovedza zvakakodzera, uye makomo basa. Zvisinei, kunyange nokubatsira avo vasingagoni vakasununguka ndima gomo kubva vokuGermany.

Pokuwa "Operation Edelweiss"

Zvisinei, panguva ino hondo ava kusvika mutsindo kuchinja, kunokonzerwa pokukundwa mauto eGermany pa Stalingrad. Uye kunyange panguva weboka Paurosi achiri akaramba kudzivisa, zvaiva pachena kuti mugumisiro hondo foregone mhedziso.

Sezvandakakupai Germany kukundwa pana Stalingrad Mountain Division ari kunotozongoita wakakomberedzwa, Wehrmacht vehondo akarayira kuti caffeine rayo kubva nzvimbo eCaucasus. Saka, mudzimu "Edelweiss" vakabudirira vakatanga uye zvikuru kutsigira Goebbels Ministry akatendeuka kukundikana.

Asina magamba vavo heroism

Zvinosuruvarisa, asi kusvika hapana kubva yapiwa gamba zviumbu aumba kubva tylovikov uye vaimbova budonovtsev haina paakanga afa nominated kuti mibayiro, uye pose kurangarirwa kwavo shongwe sezvivako. Uyezve, akaramba asingazivikanwi kusvikira mazita evanhu vacho, sezvo pakarepo vakaunganidza boka, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, akanga asiri chete boka nhamba, asi kunyange mazita vashandi.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kukosha vanhu ava kazhinji yakakura, nokuti chete nemhaka kushinga kwavo vakakwanisa kuchengeta musi Elbrus mauto eGermany uye ngavarege, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda kuCaucasus siyana, akarova rwemberi nemauto eSoviet, kurwisa kurwisa Army "A" German uye "B". Feat wavo aiva mumwe zhinji Zvikamu zviri heroism zita masoja Soviet kuti Guru Patriotic War yose yakanga paakavapa.

"Operation Edelweiss", pamuviri uye kuitwa vokuGermany maererano nemitemo emauto unyanzvi, akasangana kuzvidzivirira vanhu kutsungirira kuti vaende mhiri chaiyo dzevanhu nezvaanogona, uye ane kukunda zvakanga zvisingaiti.

Kuyeukwa makore hondo

Mazuva ano, chete Monument zviitiko nematongo Elbrus riri kumusoro gomo riri hotera Soviet Union (4130 metres pamusoro pegungwa), kamwe anonzi "pokugara gumi" uye akapisa pasi 1998. Munguva apo oparesheni chiri kuitwa ne vokuGermany "Edelweiss" (BOB) imomo Headquarter Mountain Division Vermahta.

Nokuda umhare boka refutenendi Grigoryants vavo Feat ruzhinji yave zviduku anoziva, pakakoromoka ichi akasarudza vazadze firimu Russian. Muna 2012, vatungamiriri Ruslan Bozhko Igorem Malahovym uye inonzi "Operation" Edelweiss "akanga filmed. Last chakavanzika. " Vakatora firimu vakaita basa guru, zvehuori mudura zvakachengetedzwa ari mudzimba uye vatorwa.

Chikonzero kuita firimu akatanga kuonekwa pachaunga nezvokuti mumazuva ano iri mujinga Elbrus makomo dziri kuramba akatanga amuwane akachengetedzwa aizi zvakasara nemauto eSoviet. Nokuti, maererano pamutemo mashoko, munzvimbo zvaikosha zviito zvechiuto havasi kunze (murayiro Soviet haina kufanana kufunga miscalculations dzavo), mubvunzo akasimuka: zvakaitika chaizvoizvo ikoko munguva yehondo? Kubva paakava kuziva heroism ravarwi, panopinda oparesheni zvakavhiringidzwa ne "Edelweiss" uye akaisa chipingamupinyi nenzira vaNazi kusvika Caucasian mafuta.