Chii chinonzi chronometer? hwakadzama ongororo

Nyaya ino inotsanangura kuti chronometer, uyo akagadzira izvozvo, nei chinodiwa uye sei kushandisa mudziyo ichi munyika yanhasi.

yekare nguva

Kubvira kare, vanhu vaifunga kudiwa chaiwo tsanangudzo kana nokuyerwa kureba kwenguva. Uye kana mumazuva chinyakare vanhu pasina izvi zvimwe zvinhu, asi takabata, ipapo pamwe nokuumba wenzanga yakabudirira evanhu mubvunzo kuti akasimuka pamwe exigencies itsva. Kushaya wachi nezvimwe namano yokuyeresa yakarurama nguva yakaoma chaizvo, zvimwe zvoupenyu. Uye kana kuverenga mazuva kwakanga kusina dambudziko, sei kuronga musangano? Chokwadi, unogona dzinofamba nokutarisa zuva, asi nzira iri kure wakakwana, uye haisi nguva dzose ekunze yakajeka. Zviri nezvikonzero izvi, uye vanhu vakanga vachiedza wekuvamba wachi uye analogs ayo.

Mudziyo wokutanga kwakadaro kuwanikwa nevanochera, rinonzi clepsydra. mudziyo ichi iyo zvishoma nezvishoma usabuda mvura, nokuda izvo ichiyangarara akatura pamwe graduations. Chokwadi, zvakadaro chete akakodzera kuti kuyera kureba kwenguva.

Asi asati kuti madzibaba edu aishandisa chaishandiswa kuziva kuti nzvimbo mumvuri zvinosiyana, zvichienderana nenguva zuva. Zvakanaka, isu inoshandiswa kuona kuvaka vakatanga kuva kugadzirwa yakawanda pakupera yokuMiddle Ages. Vakanga zvinodhura, hombe, uye havasi vose vanogona kuzvitenga. Uye kudiwa iyi yaisava - guta akavaka shongwe, apo akamira yokurindira, uye munhu wose aigona kuona kuti nguva.

Zvisinei, nenguva yeko akasiyana-mazano vachine kukanganisa, uye saka muna 1731 imwe watchmaker Harrison akagadzira timepiece. Saka chii chinonzi chronometer uye chii nokuda?

tsananguro

Maererano nemashoko chronometer - a yakarurama kwazvo wachi nokukanganisa pasipasi. Kushandiswa apo nguva kana urefu zvikuru. Kuti tive mudziyo mumwe kumba kushandisa kwakadaro musoro.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi ndiwo zvavaisiita maawa, kufambira mberi chakarurama zvikuru, uye hadzina wandei zvaaikanganisa. Saka Harrison akanga asiri muvambi maawa, chete zvakatora kwavari vakawanda kuvakwa uye vakakwana panguva iyoyo. Saka zvino tinoziva kuti chronometer. Asi apo iri raishandiswa?

kunyoresa

Anokosha drawback kuti mudziyo ichi sezvo nguva chronometer, akatanga mutengo wayo. Kubvira kwayo kugadzira kupedza nguva yakawanda zvichienzaniswa kwakajairika wachi. Kunyange pashure Harrison akakwanisa kuderedza zvavo mari, uye chronometers vava dzakakurumbira chaizvo. Chokutanga, uyo aikoshesa dhigirii dzavo, vava vengarava. Mumazuva iwayo, tsanangudzo rusununguko uye Longitude rinoitwa zuva, uye timepiece yakarurama waidiwa kugadzirisa nguva zuva kana parinonyura kuti nyeredzi yedu. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvikuru zvakarurama zvakanga zvaitwa, vafambisi nani kutsunga nzvimbo yaro.

Gare gare, kweguyo masayendisiti vanofarira zvakasiyana-siyana, Somuenzaniso, nyanzvi, iyo aifanira kuva zvakarurama chaizvo kunyora chero zviitiko. Saka tinonzwisisa kuti timepiece yakadaro.

chipo

mudziyo kwakadaro yave kushandiswa emakore wekushandisa mumhepo kana gungwa kuenda nemidziyo, asi zvino ari zvinenge hatibati chronometer, kunze sezvo negadziriro yeparutivi. Chokwadi iye chikatsiviwa neyakarurama Goldstone pakurinda. Zvisinei, rwendo ngarava uye ndege kare kuitwa pachishandiswa redhiyo kana Satellite enyika. Asi kana uchida kuramba, munhu anogona kutenga mudziyo akadai chronometer. mutengo wayo dzinosiyana, zvichienderana saizi, mugwaro, zvakarurama uye kushongedzwa. Somuenzaniso, yakatofanana zvomumvura chronometer MX 6 achaita mari 31,000 rubles Russian. A ano dzokurinda uye chronometers Ulysse Nardin muchiso aikosha 300 000 zviuru. Asi mari nyore shanduro inotanga panguva anenge 1500 rubles.