Chii chinosiyanisa kukura kubva zvoupfumi? kuenzanisa tafura

Pfungwa yokuti 'zvoupfumi kukura "uye" kukura kwoupfumi "rakanyatsojeka pedyo zvakunoreva, asi kwete zvakakura zvakasikwa. Ko mashoko akarongwa? Chii chinosiyanisa kukura kubva zvoupfumi?

Musimboti zvoupfumi

Economic budiriro - refu chichiitwa, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva akasiyana-siyana zvinoita, kufukidza zvakananga upfumi kwete chete mamiriro wacho, asiwo magariro nemauto uye nedzimwe nzvimbo. Mashoko acho anoshanda kune munyika dzichiri upfumi (kusiyana kukura kubva zvoupfumi kunoratidzwa chokuti wokutanga izwi anorondedzera kuchinja dzakabudirira upfumi).

budiriro Economic zvinoonekwa mukuru kuvandudzika yacho zvakanaka wehurumende, inoreva kuwedzera chaiyo mari, nani nevamwe zviratidzi: nokunaka dzidzo, tsika kukura. Other zvinokosha zvoupenyu zvoupfumi - hurumende nyaya iri mubhizimisi urongwa, yakatsiga Gengi (kana kuwedzera mutengo National mari iri).

Indekisi zvoupfumi dynamism

Maererano chidzidzo dzakawanda odhita kambani Grant Thornton uye yakavimbika muzinda The Economist Intelligence Unit tsvakurudzo upfumi, ari kureva ari guru zvoupfumi inotungamirirwa Australia, ane indekisi akaenzana makumi matanhatu points. The pamusoro matatu kunosanganisirawo Chile uye China. Rating zvibodzwa vagara vandifungira nyanzvi tinyatsonzwisisa mamiriro upfumi makumi maviri zviratidzi kuti vari mumapoka mapoka kuzvidzora-siyana.

Groups venyika maererano zvoupfumi

By pachiyero uchitikurudzira zvoupfumi akataura anoverengeka mapoka inoti:

• Dzakabudirira, izvo zvinogona kunzi nyika utsanzi upfumi uye hwepamusoro. Uyu Japan, USA, Germany, Australia, Finland, uye vamwe vakawanda. State of boka iri vanoonekwa ne yepamusoro guru dzevanhu, utungamiri mune zvesayenzi, ruzivo, mushonga, dzidzo nezvimwe maindasitiri, yepamusoro upenyu vemunyika.

• Dzichiri kusimukira, vane sezvo chavainyanya chinangwa kubata dzakabudirira upfumi nenhanho uye kunaka kwoupenyu vemunyika. Nyika idzi dzinosanganisira China, Chile, Mexico, Pakistan, Latvia, Czech Republic, Croatia, Kazakhstan nevamwe.
• The underdeveloped nyika, izvo zviri kuderera. Izvi nyika dzakawanda African, chitsuwa rinoti, uyewo kuMongolia, Afghanistan, Yemen, Bangladesh, uye zvakafanana.

Economic kukura: pfungwa

The kukura kwoupfumi kwakasiyana zvoupfumi? Kuwedzera upfumi - pfungwa ine rakamanikana pfungwa. Maitikiro uye kunoratidzwa pfupi-rokuti zvachinja bhuku kugadzirwa nenzira yakanaka. The kukura kwoupfumi kwakasiyana zvoupfumi, saka ndiko kuratidzwa: shoko rokuti "kukura" iri upfumi kungaratidzwa ari Dzidziso "kwakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa" uye "kwakakomba mudzimba chigadzirwa", apo kukura kwoupfumi imhaka kusanganisira pamwe nemararamiro, kana magariro bhora.

Maererano zvoupfumi kukura govera kwemarudzi aya zvakavapo:

• Yunifomu, iro akaona European Union kana kuti United States.
• Vanonzi chishamiso zveupfumi anenge inozivikanwa emari South Korea, Hong Kong kana Japan.
• Dambudziko kukura - kwoupfumi kuchembera, achiperekedzwa nokuderera nemitemo achirarama. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu ari parumananzombe kuti Central dzomuAfrica.
• Kushaya kukura risina sei pasocial bhora. Izvi zviri kuchengetwa Zimbabwe.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kukura upfumi

Pakati zvinokonzera nekufemera kukura upfumi munyika dzichiri kusimukira zvinogona dziri sezvinotevera:

• padanho kukura yokufambisa uye dzimwe mhando kwezvivako (dzezvoupfumi, kutaurirana);
• yezwi kubva zvokurima kune zvibereko kugadzirwa (basa mufambo);
• inflow kubatsirwa rwemari uye mari nezvimwe inoti;
• zvinodiwa dzidzo uye padanho kuverenga, iyo inogona kurondedzerwa se mberi chokupika basa;
• kukosha aripo mari;
• padanho uori.

kuenzanisa tafura

Chii chinosiyanisa kukura kubva zvoupfumi? misiyano Major pachena mumatauriro tafura pazasi.

Zvakafanana pakati izvi pfungwa mbiri kuti kukura kwoupfumi riri pakati tingasarudza zvinoriumba hunoumba zvoupfumi, asi chete haiwanzofarirwi mugumisiro wake kana anosarudza kuti zvoupfumi munyika pfupi.

Chii chinosiyanisa kukura kubva zvoupfumi? The zvinokosha kusiyanisa pfungwa dzakadaro inonzwisisika chete muenzaniso. Somuenzaniso, kukura munhu anomirira kuwedzera uremu muviri uye kukwirira, ndiro, avo zviratidzi kuti kuyerwa, kuenzaniswa, vakaongorora. Development kunorondedzerwa pedyo nhamba, kwete chete panyama zvinhu (zera, kureba uye muviri uremu), asiwo chaihwoihwo zvinhu - tsika, maitiro, pamwero zvokunamata, hwokukurukura, ungwaru, tsika.

Economic kukura pasina budiriro

Economic kukura pasina budiriro kunoitika kana kuwedzera quantitative zviratidzi ndiyo vapenyu hapana chaicho mitemo vemo. Izvi zvingava nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi:

• High kwevari uori, kana vose kuvandudzika muchimiro okuwedzera mari dzakakwirira muhomwe kudzora kubatana.
• Environmental matambudziko. Kubviswa matanho nechokwadi kwezvakatipoteredza yakachengeteka ichava zvinenge vachawedzera vhoriyamu okuwana, asi chete nenamo kutsamwisa kuderera kwezvirongwa zvoutano. Saka, pamwe upfumi kukura achawira mararamiro vemo.
• Motokari kwezvivako kuzara. Pokuwa pomugwagwa, iyo inogona migumisiro kuvhunduka zvoupfumi kukura achava achiipa kunaka upenyu hwevanhu, izvo zvichaita kupedza nguva yakawanda vari kuwandisa kwemotokari mumigwagwa.

• Mari nokuti uto zvekutepfenyura. Munyika GDP aigona kuwedzera nokuda kukura mupomerwi maindasitiri, apo mune dzimwe nzvimbo (dzidzo, utano, tsika) haazorambi mberi.
• Kushaya pamisika. The kuwedzera mukurima vhoriyamu, runoratidzwa quantitative nemashoko, kwaizounza zvoupfumi kukura, asi pasina misika kuti kuvandudza chaiwo mitemo mupenyu haingasviki.

Tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro misiyano

Muchidimbu (asi kwete zvishoma chose) I akatsanangura musiyano pfungwa Shumper. The kukura kwoupfumi kwakasiyana zvoupfumi? Munyori anopa mhinduro iripo: kureba - change ichi maererano kwazvo (kuwedzera kugadzirwa uye kuparadzwa), uye kukura - Qualitative maitiro (uvandudze zvipenyu mitemo vokuparidzira, zvakagadzirwa mu mukugadzira, vatorwa mubhizimisi, uye zvichingodaro).

Saka, chii chinosiyanisa kukura kubva zvoupfumi? Development anofanira kunzwisiswa se rakafara pfungwa kunosanganisira kukura kwoupfumi. Inogona kuongororwa inoverengeka yakasiyana zviratidzo, iyo inoratidza kufambira mberi ehurumende upfumi hwose. The kukura kunoratidzwa chete imwe unongotaura nhamba.